Question 1

From outermost to innermost layers, the wall of the eye consists of these three layers.

Accepted Answer

A)  fibrous, vascular, sensory 
B)  sensory, vascular, fibrous 
C)  vascular, fibrous, sensory 
D)  fibrous, sensory, vascular 
A)  fibrous, vascular, sensory 
B)  sensory, vascular, fibrous 
C)  vascular, fibrous, sensory 
D)  fibrous, sensory, vascular A

Question 2

The carry tears into the nasal cavity.

Accepted Answer

A)  lacrimal canaliculi 
B)  excretory ducts 
C)  nasolacrimal ducts 
D)  ciliary ducts 
A)  lacrimal canaliculi 
B)  excretory ducts 
C)  nasolacrimal ducts 
D)  ciliary ducts C

Question 3

This structure, present in the cow eye but not in the human eye, is a special iridescent reflecting surface that helps animals to see in low light conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)  vascular layer 
B)  pigmented sclera 
C)  tapetum lucidum 
D)  ciliary body 
A)  vascular layer 
B)  pigmented sclera 
C)  tapetum lucidum 
D)  ciliary body C

Question 4

The innermost layer of the retina .

Accepted Answer

A)  is a pigmented epithelium 
B)  is composed of fibrous tissue 
C)  is a transparent neural layer 
D)  is a blood-rich nutritive region containing a dark pigment 
A)  is a pigmented epithelium 
B)  is composed of fibrous tissue 
C)  is a transparent neural layer 
D)  is a blood-rich nutritive region containing a dark pigment

Question 5

The rods of the retina .

Accepted Answer

A)  are found in highest density in the macula lutea 
B)  are present in large numbers in the fovea centralis 
C)  function only in bright light 
D)  are found in highest density at the periphery of the retina 
A)  are found in highest density in the macula lutea 
B)  are present in large numbers in the fovea centralis 
C)  function only in bright light 
D)  are found in highest density at the periphery of the retina

Question 6

If the left optic nerve is severed, _.

Accepted Answer

A)  the person is blind in the right eye 
B)  the lateral peripheral vision is diminished 
C)  the person is blind in the left eye 
D)  the person is blind 
A)  the person is blind in the right eye 
B)  the lateral peripheral vision is diminished 
C)  the person is blind in the left eye 
D)  the person is blind

Question 7

The visual pathway terminates in this cortical area.

Accepted Answer

A)  visual cortex 
B)  auditory cortex 
C)  olfactory cortex 
D)  gustatory cortex 
A)  visual cortex 
B)  auditory cortex 
C)  olfactory cortex 
D)  gustatory cortex

Question 8

Axons of ganglion cells form the optic tract. These fibers synapse with neurons in the .

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  visual cortex 
C)  thalamus 
D)  corpus callosum 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  visual cortex 
C)  thalamus 
D)  corpus callosum

Question 9

This mucous membrane covers the surface of the eyeball and lines the eyelid.

Accepted Answer

A)  bulbar epithelium 
B)  conjunctiva 
C)  tarsociliary epithelium 
D)  palpebral mucosa 
A)  bulbar epithelium 
B)  conjunctiva 
C)  tarsociliary epithelium 
D)  palpebral mucosa

Question 10

A cataract is _.

Accepted Answer

A)  cloudiness in the lens, rendering it hard and opaque 
B)  cloudiness in the cornea, rendering it opaque 
C)  darkening of the vitreous humor 
D)  cloudiness in the aqueous humor 
A)  cloudiness in the lens, rendering it hard and opaque 
B)  cloudiness in the cornea, rendering it opaque 
C)  darkening of the vitreous humor 
D)  cloudiness in the aqueous humor

Question 11

Below are listed pairs of anatomical structures. The first is a layer of the wall of the eye, and the second is a structure that is a part of that layer. Select the pair that correctly matches layer with structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  fibrous layer, choroid 
B)  fibrous layer, cornea 
C)  sensory layer, iris 
D)  vascular layer, retina 
A)  fibrous layer, choroid 
B)  fibrous layer, cornea 
C)  sensory layer, iris 
D)  vascular layer, retina

Question 12

Contraction of muscles within this structure leads to alteration in the shape of the lens.

Accepted Answer

A)  iris 
B)  pupil 
C)  ciliary body 
D)  choroid 
A)  iris 
B)  pupil 
C)  ciliary body 
D)  choroid

Question 13

The ciliary body is a modified part of this layer (tunic) of the eyeball.

Accepted Answer

A)  vascular layer (uvea) 
B)  sensory layer (retina) 
C)  fibrous layer (sclera) 
A)  vascular layer (uvea) 
B)  sensory layer (retina) 
C)  fibrous layer (sclera)

Question 14

The retinal cells that are closest to the vascular layer are the .

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglion cells 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  rods and cones 
A)  ganglion cells 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  rods and cones

Question 15

The ciliary zonule (suspensory ligament) holds this structure in front of the pupil.

Accepted Answer

A)  cornea 
B)  conjunctiva 
C)  lens 
D)  ciliary muscles 
A)  cornea 
B)  conjunctiva 
C)  lens 
D)  ciliary muscles

Question 16

This extrinsic eye muscle elevates the eye and turns it medially.

Accepted Answer

A)  inferior oblique 
B)  medial rectus 
C)  superior rectus 
D)  superior oblique 
A)  inferior oblique 
B)  medial rectus 
C)  superior rectus 
D)  superior oblique

Question 17

A sagittal lesion in the optic chiasma will result in loss of .

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral vision in both eyes 
B)  medial vision in both eyes 
C)  loss of lateral vision in the left eye and medial vision in the right eye 
D)  loss of lateral vision in the right eye and medial vision in the left eye 
A)  lateral vision in both eyes 
B)  medial vision in both eyes 
C)  loss of lateral vision in the left eye and medial vision in the right eye 
D)  loss of lateral vision in the right eye and medial vision in the left eye

Question 18

The photoreceptors in the retina that detect light are _ .

Accepted Answer

A)  rods and cones 
B)  horizontal and amacrine cells 
C)  ganglion cells 
D)  bipolar cells 
A)  rods and cones 
B)  horizontal and amacrine cells 
C)  ganglion cells 
D)  bipolar cells

Question 19

The is a blind spot on the retina, while the _ contains only cones and is the retinal area of greatest visual acuity.

Accepted Answer

A)  fovea centralis, optic disc 
B)  fundus, macula lutea 
C)  macula lutea, fundus 
D)  optic disc, fovea centralis 
A)  fovea centralis, optic disc 
B)  fundus, macula lutea 
C)  macula lutea, fundus 
D)  optic disc, fovea centralis

Question 20

Of the glands listed here, which one produces the oily substance that covers the conjunctiva?

Accepted Answer

A)  lacrimal gland 
B)  lacrimal caruncle 
C)  tarsal glands 
D)  ciliary body 
A)  lacrimal gland 
B)  lacrimal caruncle 
C)  tarsal glands 
D)  ciliary body

Exam 23: Special Senses: Anatomy of the Visual System

From outermost to innermost layers, the wall of the eye consists of these three layers.

The carry tears into the nasal cavity.

This structure, present in the cow eye but not in the human eye, is a special iridescent reflecting surface that helps animals to see in low light conditions.

The innermost layer of the retina .

The rods of the retina .

If the left optic nerve is severed, _.

The visual pathway terminates in this cortical area.

Axons of ganglion cells form the optic tract. These fibers synapse with neurons in the .

This mucous membrane covers the surface of the eyeball and lines the eyelid.

A cataract is _.

Below are listed pairs of anatomical structures. The first is a layer of the wall of the eye, and the second is a structure that is a part of that layer. Select the pair that correctly matches layer with structure.

Contraction of muscles within this structure leads to alteration in the shape of the lens.

The ciliary body is a modified part of this layer (tunic) of the eyeball.

The retinal cells that are closest to the vascular layer are the .

The ciliary zonule (suspensory ligament) holds this structure in front of the pupil.

This extrinsic eye muscle elevates the eye and turns it medially.

A sagittal lesion in the optic chiasma will result in loss of .

The photoreceptors in the retina that detect light are _ .

The is a blind spot on the retina, while the _ contains only cones and is the retinal area of greatest visual acuity.

Of the glands listed here, which one produces the oily substance that covers the conjunctiva?

The Language of Anatomy

Organ Systems Overview

The Microscope

The Cell: Anatomy and Division

The Cell: Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability

Classification of Tissues

The Integumentary System

Overview of the Skeleton: Classification and Structure of Bones and Cartilages

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations and Body Movements

Microscopic Anatomy and Organization of Skeletal Muscle

Gross Anatomy of Muscular System

Skeletal Muscle Physiology: Frogs and Human Subjects

Histology of Nervous Tissue

Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses: Frog Subjects

Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves

Electroencephalography

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Human Reflex Physiology

General Sensation

Special Senses: Visual Tests and Experiments

Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium

Special Senses: Olfaction and Taste

Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Glands

Endocrine Wet Labs and Human Metabolism

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Conduction System of the Heart and Electrocardiography

Anatomy of Blood Vessels

Human Cardiovascular Physiology: Blood Pressure and Pulse Determinations

Frog Cardiovascular Physiology

The Lymphatic System and Immune Response

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

Respiratory System Physiology

Anatomy of the Digestive System

Digestive System Processes: Chemical and Physical

Anatomy of the Urinary System

Urinalysis

Anatomy of the Reproductive System

Physiology of Reproduction: Gametogenesis and the Female Cycles

Survey of Embryonic Development

Principles of Heredity

Surface Anatomy Roundup

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