Deck 9: Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement Instruments

Question 1

When the variable "religious affiliation" is classified as Protestant,Catholic,or Jewish,this variable has the important quality of being

A)mutually exclusive.
B)exhaustive.
C)interchangeable.
D)ratio scale.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The following exemplifies an improper way to ask a question: "Are you satisfied with this textbook and with your research instructor's teaching style?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which of the following statements is(are)INCORRECT?

A)Closed-ended questions should limit respondents to three or four choices.
B)Closed-ended questions should have response categories that are mutually exclusive and exhaustive.
C)Closed-ended questions should cover the range of likely responses.
D)None of these; they are all correct.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The questionnaire item "Which is not a serious problem in the U.S.today,anomie or the socialization of the young?" violates which of the following guidelines?

A)Avoid double-barreled questions.
B)Avoid short items.
C)Avoid leading the respondent.
D)Avoid negative items.

Question 5

Professor Milne was preparing to do some unstructured qualitative interviewing.Milne knew that you were a research-methods student and asked for your advice.You told Milne

A)to try not to alter the specific wording of questions.
B)to try to use the same probes with the same wording for each respondent.
C)to try not to alter the sequence of questions.
D)all of these.
E)none of these.

Question 6

The length of a question has no bearing on how effectively the respondent will answer.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true regarding the order in which items appear in a questionnaire?

A)The order should be random.
B)The order does not matter.
C)Researchers should attempt to estimate the effect of question order and use their judgment so as to minimize any order problems
D)The order can be random because it does not matter.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is/are true about comparing quantitative and qualitative instrument construction?

A)Both approaches should avoid biased wording.
B)Both approaches should avoid questions that are very complex.
C)Quantitative measures are likely to be more highly structured.
D)Quantitative measures are likely to use close-ended questions.
E)Qualitative measures are likely to rely primarily on interviews.f.All of these.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is/are true about constructing qualitative measures?

A)You should rely primarily on close-ended questions.
B)Highly structured self-administered questionnaires are more desirable than interview guides.
C)Interviews can range from completely unstructured, informal conversational interviews that use no measurement instruments to highly structured, standardized interviews in which interviewers must ask questions in the exact order and with the exact wording in which they are written out in advance.
D)All of these.

Question 10

Contingency questions:

A)Are used to increase the likelihood of responses from those for whom the questions are relevant.
B)Should not be used because they frustrate respondents.
C)Enable the researcher to ask several questions that have the same set of answer categories.
D)All of these.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is/are true about questionnaires?

A)Researchers can avoid the need for pretesting if they are very careful in the way they word questions.
B)Because it is virtually impossible to avoid some mistakes in wording, questionnaires should be pretested in a dry run.
C)When pretesting, the pretest sample should be very large.
D)When pretesting your questionnaire, it's better to ask people to read through it looking for errors rather than to complete the questionnaire.

Question 12

The following answer categories about gender are exhaustive and mutually exclusive: Male ________ Female ________

Question 13

Which of the following statements is/are true about informal conversational interviews?

A)They are often unplanned and unanticipated.
B)They are the most close-ended form of interviewing.
C)They require the use of a structured measurement instrument.
D)Because they are informal, there is less need to be concerned about how questions are worded.
E)All of these.

Question 14

In order to avoid measurement error in a questionnaire,it is a good idea to

A)use unbiased wording.
B)use terms that subjects will understand.
C)test out the instrument in a dry run with a few people in the target population
D)all of these.

Question 15

Assume that the following would be reasonable conversational questions/statements based on a subject's previous statement.Which is the best probe?

A)"In what ways is that a better job?"
B)"How is that a better job?"
C)"Tell me more about why that's a better job."
D)"How do you mean that's a better job?"
E)All of these are equally good probes.

Question 16

Asking subjects "Did your children go to high school and college?" after they told you that they have no children violates which of the following criteria in question construction?

A)Avoid double-barreled questions.
B)Questions should be relevant.
C)Avoid biased items.
D)Avoid double-barreled questions and questions should be relevant.

Question 17

Qualitative measures rely on interviews that are usually open-ended with in-depth probes.

Question 18

The questionnaire item "Did you file federal and state income tax reports last year?" with a response set of yes,no,can't remember,other,is an example of

A)an open-ended question.
B)an ordinal variable.
C)a double-barreled question.
D)a negative item.

Question 19

In constructing a questionnaire it is better to squeeze questions and response categories close together and have a shorter,cluttered questionnaire than it is to have a longer,uncluttered questionnaire.

Question 20

Respondents would not be competent to answer a question if they:

A)did not remember the relevant information.
B)did not know about the relevant information in the first place.
C)have psychological or biological impairments
D)all of these.

Question 21

Construct a brief Likert-type scale to measure attitudes about an issue of interest to you.

Question 22

Scales include multiple items that can be summed to measure a variable.

Question 23

How does qualitative interviewing differ from quantitative interviewing?

Question 24

Identify measurement principles that always apply to quantitative and qualitative approaches to asking people questions.Then identify differences between the two approaches in the style of asking questions.

Question 25

Open-ended qualitative interviews never use standardized interview schedules.

Question 26

Construct an examples that would violate each of the following guidelines for asking questions:
Make items clear
Avoid double-barreled questions
Avoid biased items and terms

Question 27

The best way to minimize problems resulting from the order in which items appear in a questionnaire is to randomize the order of the items.

Question 28

Construct a brief questionnaire about an issue of interest to you that includes at least one contingency question.

Question 29

An interview guide is a highly structured approach for conducting quantitative interviews.

Question 30

There are no commonalities between quantitative and qualitative approaches to instrument construction.