Deck 17: Writing, Electronic Forms, and Interpretation of Contracts

Question 1

Which of these proposes that listeners who are intensely interested in your topic and can easily understand your presentation will put more effort into thinking about your persuasive message than will listeners who don't care about or don't understand your speech topic?

A) Elaboration likelihood model
B) The motivated sequence
C) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
D) Peripheral route theory

Answer 1

A

Question 2

"To persuade my audience to buy a zero-emissions totally electric vehicle" is an example of what outcome or purpose of a persuasive speech?

A) Change an audience's attitudes
B) Motivate an audience to take action
C) Change an audience's beliefs
D) Reinforce an audience's attitudes

Answer 2

B

Question 3

In what step of the motivated sequence would the speaker establish relevancy, interest, and motivation to listen?

A) Need
B) Attention
C) Satisfaction
D) Visualization

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In which type of reasoning should you avoid outdated or limited examples?

A) Analogical reasoning
B) Deductive reasoning
C) Inductive reasoning
D) Cause-effect reasoning

Question 5

Corey plans to develop a persuasive presentation on why his audience should not waste food. His primary intended outcome is

A) to motivate his audience to take action.
B) to reinforce his audience's existing attitudes and beliefs.
C) to change his audience's attitudes and beliefs.
D) to convince his audience to share a message.

Question 6

A student who develops the speech topic that the death penalty is morally wrong and therefore should be banned is giving a speech based on a proposition of

A) value.
B) policy.
C) coercion.
D) fact.

Question 7

Connecting a set of specific facts to arrive at a more general conclusion is

A) analogical reasoning.
B) deductive reasoning.
C) inductive reasoning.
D) cause-effect reasoning.

Question 8

Identifying patterns in your supporting materials and then summarizing those patterns into arguments that become the main points of your speech is (the)

A) logos
B) competence.
C) reasoning.
D) central route.

Question 9

When using deductive reasoning, the statement you believe your audience accepts as true is the

A) minor premise.
B) major premise.
C) conclusion.
D) qualifier.

Question 10

"To coerce" is an example of an effective specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech.

Question 11

An ethical and competent persuasive speech should contain all three of the

A) motivational appeals.
B) types of reasoning.
C) types of propositions.
D) rhetorical proofs.

Question 12

Aristotle's term for credibility was

A) pathos.
B) ethos.
C) character.
D) charisma.

Question 13

During election season, candidates often attack each other instead of issues. What fallacy are they committing?

A) Hasty generalizations
B) Bandwagon appeals
C) Ad hominem arguments
D) Straw person claims

Question 14

Which is an example of analogical reasoning used in persuasive speaking?

A) Never eat at that restaurant when you got food poisoning there once.
B) Feedback is to communication what homeostasis is to the body.
C) Janet is a friend; therefore, I can trust her.
D) Most honor students have good time management skills.

Question 15

A five-step organizational pattern for a persuasive speech is called (the)

A) elaboration likelihood model.
B) hierarchy of needs.
C) foot-in-the-door technique.
D) motivated sequence.

Question 16

By using the foot-in-the-door technique, a speaker is asking the audience to

A) suspend prejudgment.
B) make small changes.
C) delay taking action.
D) visualize the solution.

Question 17

With inductive reasoning, speakers begin with general principles and reason to specific instances related to that principle.

Question 18

If you choose to deliver a presentation to motivate your audience to get a seasonal flu vaccine, arguing that everyone else is getting one, including yourself, what fallacy have you fallen prey to?

A) Hasty generalizations
B) Bandwagon appeals
C) Ad hominem arguments
D) Straw person claims

Question 19

Which involves using threats, manipulation, and even violence to force others to do something against their will?

A) Fallacies
B) Pathos
C) Coercion
D) Central route

Question 20

Audience members pay more attention and carefully evaluate your points when they mentally process using the

A) major premise.
B) central route.
C) minor premise.
D) peripheral route.

Question 21

Specific statements that appeal to an audience's needs and feelings are

A) motivational appeals.
B) ethos.
C) inductive reasoning.
D) character.

Question 22

An audience that is more motivated to listen to your topic often takes a peripheral route, while a less-motivated one may take a central route.

Question 23

Speakers must decide whether to rely on logos or pathos in a persuasive presentation.

Question 24

Which is NOT a step of the motivated sequence pattern for organizing a persuasive presentation?

A) Attention
B) Need
C) Investigation
D) Satisfaction

Question 25

A speaker's warmth, personality, and dynamism is

A) character.
B) credibility.
C) charisma.
D) competence.

Question 26

Which is NOT part of the three "Cs" of credibility?

A) Competence
B) Character
C) Coercion
D) Charisma

Question 27

The visualization step in the motivated sequence organizational pattern

A) provides details of a plan to solve a problem.
B) presents an example of the problem.
C) explores potential consequences if the solution is or is not enacted.
D) describes how an audience can implement a proposed solution.

Question 28

Supporting a claim by comparing two ideas or situations is

A) deductive reasoning.
B) inductive reasoning.
C) cause-effect reasoning.
D) analogical reasoning.

Question 29

Ethical and competent persuasive speeches will include one or two forms of rhetorical proof.

Question 30

In her speech designed to persuade the audience to support breast cancer research, Betty discusses how she has battled cancer and is living proof of the benefits of early treatment. She is illustrating

A) deductive reasoning.
B) analogical reasoning.
C) motivational appeals.
D) inductive reasoning.

Question 31

If you deliver a presentation on why your audience should get a hepatitis B vaccination, arguing that it prevents serious illness and provides peace of mind, what needs are you appealing to?

A) Security needs
B) Social needs
C) Physical needs
D) Self-actualization needs

Question 32

A persuasive presentation that argues cutting Social Security is immoral would be based on a of a proposition of value.

Question 33

A student advocating for additional parking spaces on campus in a persuasive presentation argues, "My best friend agrees that we need more parking spaces, as does my boyfriend. Students on this campus believe we need to add more parking spaces." The fallacy present in this reasoning is

A) hasty generalizations.
B) bandwagon appeals.
C) ad hominem arguments.
D) straw person claims.

Question 34

Reasoning turns all material collected during investigation into the logical basis for your speech.

Question 35

When using deductive reasoning, the specific instance related to the general claim is the

A) major premise.
B) minor premise.
C) conclusion.
D) qualifier.

Question 36

The use of motivational appeals is referred to as (a)

A) ethos
B) pathos.
C) major premise.
D) minor premise.

Question 37

Research suggests that speakers with charisma are more likely to engage their audience even on topics that aren't appealing to them at first.

Question 38

The motivated sequence is best suited for speeches of policy.

Question 39

Which are included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

A) Security needs, or avoiding harm and uncertainty
B) Ego needs, or having respect and admiration
C) Self-actualization, or realizing our full potential
D) All of the options are correct.

Question 40

Drawing a connection between two events or things and claiming that one produced the other is

A) cause-effect reasoning.
B) inductive reasoning.
C) deductive reasoning.
D) analogical reasoning.

Question 41

Which is NOT a purpose of persuasive speaking?

A) Reinforcing listeners' attitudes
B) Motivating listeners to action
C) Using coercion
D) Changing beliefs and attitudes

Question 42

If you are asked to deliver a persuasive presentation to an athletic team on incorporating aerobic exercise into their training regime, what specific speech purpose would be most effective?

A) Motivate an audience to take action
B) Change an audience's attitudes and beliefs
C) Reinforce an audience's attitudes and beliefs
D) Coerce an audience to take action

Question 43

A presentation that argues that a particular action should or should not be taken is based on a proposition of

A) value.
B) policy.
C) pathos.
D) fact.

Question 44

Specific purpose statements are used when preparing persuasive presentations.

Question 45

Which of these suggests our behavior is motivated by the need to meet our basic human necessities?

A) Motivated sequence
B) Peripheral route
C) Motivational appeal
D) Hierarchy of needs

Question 46

An audience's perception of a speaker's trustworthiness and the validity of the information the speaker presents is

A) charisma.
B) competence.
C) character.
D) credibility.

Question 47

Negative campaign ads that attack candidates rather than positions or issues are ad hominem arguments.

Question 48

The deductive reasoning element that explains the relationship between the major premise and minor premise is (the)

A) qualifier.
B) conclusion.
C) logic.
D) analogy.

Question 49

While making an argument, if you resort to distorting and misrepresenting the counter to your position, you are demonstrating

A) hasty generalizations.
B) bandwagon appeals.
C) ad hominem arguments.
D) straw person claims.

Question 50

Which of the rhetorical proofs is associated with reasoning?

A) Pathos
B) Logos
C) Competence
D) Credibility

Question 51

During what phase of speech preparation would a speaker be most likely to carefully consider an audience's attitudes, values, and beliefs?

A) Thinking
B) Investigating
C) Rehearsing
D) Composing

Question 52

According to your text, which is NOT recommended as a guideline for persuasive speeches?

A) Express empathy
B) Establish goodwill with your audience
C) Keep your specific purpose realistic
D) Remain objective

Question 53

What is most likely to be the desired outcome of a sermon or homily by a clergy member?

A) Coerce the audience to listen
B) Motivate the audience to take action
C) Reinforce the audience's attitudes and beliefs
D) Change the audience's attitudes and beliefs

Question 54

Developing a persuasive presentation asserting that your audience should eat dark chocolate because it is rich in antioxidants is based on a proposition of

A) value.
B) policy.
C) coercion.
D) fact.

Question 55

An audience that takes a central route to process your message

A) is less likely to sustain changes in attitudes or behaviors.
B) is more likely to engage in selective listening.
C) doesn't have the necessary knowledge to understand your speech.
D) has the necessary background knowledge to understand your speech.

Question 56

Which type of rhetorical proof relates to motivational appeals that encourage your audience to connect personally with your topic?

A) Ethos
B) Deductive reasoning
C) Pathos
D) Analogical reasoning

Question 57

Imposing a judgment on a topic represents a proposition of

A) fact.
B) policy.
C) value.
D) ethos.

Question 58

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what need must be met before addressing higher-level concerns?

A) Avoiding harm and uncertainty
B) Forming bonds with others
C) Having respect and admiration
D) Food or rest

Question 59

Your classmate presenting a persuasive speech on why marijuana should be legalized is giving a speech based on what type of proposition?

A) Proposition of motivation
B) Proposition of value
C) Proposition of policy
D) Proposition of fact

Question 60

Audience members who are less motivated about the topic or don't have the time or knowledge needed to understand the information process information using the

A) central route.
B) major premise.
C) peripheral route.
D) minor premise.

Question 61

"By following the town of Springfield's example of a comprehensive recycling program, we too could make our streets and alleys cleaner" is an example of cause-effect reasoning.

Question 62

Claims based on the notion that others are following a similar course of action are called bandwagon appeals.

Question 63

According to the elaboration likelihood model, audience members are likely to

A) listen to topics they have trouble understanding.
B) listen if they already know about your topic.
C) listen if they are interested in your topic.
D) listen if they have to work to understand your topic.

Question 64

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physical needs are considered the most basic physiological requirements that must be satisfied before addressing higher-level concerns.

Question 65

When using deductive reasoning, the general statement commonly accepted as true is the

A) minor premise.
B) major premise.
C) conclusion.
D) qualifier.

Question 66

Listeners determine a speaker's credibility by ascertaining

A) ethics, evidence, and coercion.
B) competence, character, and charisma.
C) attitudes, values, and beliefs.
D) integrity, honesty, and motivation.

Question 67

Beginning with a general principle and showing how a specific instance relates to that principle is

A) deductive reasoning.
B) inductive reasoning.
C) analogic reasoning.
D) cause-effect reasoning.

Question 68

Asking your audience to agree to a small action in order to gain their compliance over time is the

A) peripheral route.
B) foot-in-the-door technique.
C) central route.
D) motivated sequence.

Question 69

To use the foot-in-the-door technique when you are giving a persuasive presentation on using solar power, you would

A) tell the audience that an early death is imminent unless they stop eating all meat.
B) ask the audience to eliminate electricity in their home.
C) ask the audience to consider buying solar panels for their home.
D) tell the audience that you personally have solar panels on your home.

Question 70

The development of logical reasoning for your position is referred to as

A) logos.
B) pathos.
C) credibility.
D) rhetorical proofs.

Question 71

Jaclyn administered a survey to her classmates asking if they felt artificial sweeteners are safe. All but one of her classmates said they consider them safe. Jaclyn will present her persuasive speech on the dangers of artificial sweeteners. What is her intended outcome?

A) Proving the comparative safety of sugar
B) Establishing her credibility as a speaker
C) Reinforcing her audience's attitudes or beliefs
D) Changing her audience's attitudes or beliefs

Question 72

A presentation advocating for stricter gun control laws is an example of a proposition of policy.

Question 73

Showing that you understand your audience's needs, have their best interests in mind, and genuinely believe in your topic demonstrates

A) charisma.
B) character.
C) competence.
D) credibility.

Question 74

Two ways in which a speaker can demonstrate concern for the audience are through goodwill and empathy.

Question 75

The foot-in-the-door technique focuses on asking your audience to make big changes in their current behavior.

Question 76

By using deductive reasoning, a speaker goes from specific facts to arrive at a more general conclusion.

Question 77

Exposing your audience to opposing viewpoints can be an effective persuasive strategy.

Question 78

Presentations that argue whether something is true or not are based on a

A) proposition of value.
B) proposition of policy.
C) proposition of logos.
D) proposition of fact.

Question 79

False claims based on inadequate or inaccurate evidence are

A) fallacies.
B) pathos.
C) coercion.
D) qualifiers.

Question 80

If you choose to persuade your listeners to take steps to avoid identity theft, you would be wise to appeal to their security needs.