Deck 8: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 1

Kyle, a 9-month-old, will take his mother's face and turn it towards an object he wants her to see or get for him. This is known as ________.

Answer 1

joint attention

Question 2

Which of the following statements would the authors of your text most likely endorse as it relates to the identification of childhood disorders?

A) The identification of childhood disorders is currently unnecessary because many interventions have been identified to help with a variety of disorders.
B) The identification of childhood disorders is currently unnecessary because many disorders are limited to the period of childhood and therefore unnecessarily stigmatize children.
C) The identification of childhood disorders is important as it aids in research, communication, and continued understanding of how to better treat childhood disorders.
D) The identification of childhood disorders is necessary because it leads to the identification of other disorders that were once thought to only exist in adulthood.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Up until the most recent DSM, autism and ________ were considered separate disorders.

Answer 3

Asperger Syndrome

Question 4

Jeremy is a 14-year-old who has been diagnosed with ASD. It is possible that he will show cognitive and communication skill declines as a result of the onset of seizures.

Question 5

Austin is an 18-month-old who is exhibiting several signs of ASD. If he is typical of others with ASD, he is likely to display more negative emotion and less well-regulated emotion than his 3-year-old brother.

Question 6

Cody, a 15-year-old diagnosed with ASD, is being treated with an intervention that focuses on teaching structure, involves his parents, emphasizes skills development, and includes generalization. This is most likely the Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication-Handicapped Children (TEACCH) model.

Question 7

According to the DSM-5 criteria, a child with autism spectrum disorder must display deficits in which areas?

A) social and communication skills; problem-solving
B) social and communication skills; behaviors and interests
C) adaptive behavior skills; sensory sensitivity
D) social relationships; communication

Question 8

According to the authors of this text, children with ASD are often most impaired by which aspect of this disorder?

A) difficulty with remembering social details
B) strengths in visual processing which isolates than from others who rely more on verbal interactions
C) Difficulty with social communication, interactions, and relationships
D) deficits in transitioning from one task to the other

Question 9

Wayne loves to talk about recipes made with a particular brand of mayonnaise, and will do so for long periods of time at home and at school. This is known as ________ and ________ behavior.

Question 10

As evidenced in the changes seen in DSM-5's description of autism spectrum disorder, changes in nomenclature reflect shifts in societal attitudes as well as current research of childhood disorders.

Question 11

Researchers have found that toddlers with ASD spend much less time scanning a human's ________ than typically developing peers.

Question 12

Children with ASD often have difficulties with experiencing emotions, sending emotional messages to others, and accurately reading others' emotional signals. This is known as theory of mind.

Question 13

A child with autism is less likely to be able to distinguish between what is socially important and what is not when compared to typically developing peers. This is known as a child's:

A) social behavior.
B) social cognition.
C) psychosocial understanding.
D) theory of mind.

Question 14

The research that demonstrates the fact that children with autism spectrum disorder scan human faces in fundamentally different ways than children who are developmentally delayed and typically developing children supports which of the following statements?

A) Children with ASD are also developmentally delayed in social communication.
B) Children with ASD do not attend to important social details when compared to developmentally delayed and typically developing children.
C) Children who are later diagnosed with ASD do not begin to show deficits in social relationships until middle childhood.
D) Children who are diagnosed with ASD in infancy are likely to demonstrate similar patterns of facial scanning as children with developmental delays.

Question 15

There are several medications that have been found to be effective in treating the core deficits of ASD.

Question 16

Tyler, a 5-year-old with ASD, has a fascination with anything to do with trains and if allowed to would spend hours lining up his trains in his room. This is an example of what characteristic of ASD?

A) purposeless behaviors
B) social anxiety
C) genetic predisposition
D) restricted and repetitive behaviors

Question 17

The type of intervention used with ASD that focuses on discrete trials and intensive interactions between the child and an adult is known as

A) Lovaas therapy.
B) intensive psychotherapy.
C) applied behavior analysis.
D) discrete trial therapy.

Question 18

Tony Attwood's plaid clothes analogy indicates that children with ASD have similar characteristics but are still individuals with unique strengths and weaknesses.

Question 19

Childhood vaccines and immunizations have been clearly linked to the onset of autism.

Question 20

Dr. Smith is investigating the link between a specific neuron and a child with ASD's deficits in imitating others. What is the name of this neuron?

A) imitation
B) mirror
C) social
D) pragmatic

Question 21

Children with ASD who do develop language are reported to be most handicapped by their continued impairment in ________ language.

Question 22

Describe ways in which parent factors are important to consider during the emergence, assessment/diagnosis, and treatment of ASDs.

Question 23

What are the major categories of symptoms in autism spectrum disorders? Define and provide two examples for each category.

Question 24

Children with ASD are sometimes also diagnosed with ___________ disorder.

Question 25

Describe how a child with ASD differs from typically developing children in behavior.

Question 26

Compare and contrast historical and current perspectives of autism spectrum disorder. What has led to changes in these perspectives over the years?

Question 27

Describe how a psychologist might assess and diagnose impairments in affective social competence.

Question 28

"Growth without guidance" describes the ________ hypothesis which explains how brain development may lead to ASD.

Question 29

Design a treatment protocol for a young child with ASD. Base your approach on research and best practices identified in your text.

Question 30

Describe and discuss how early home videos of children with ASD have contributed to the understanding of early signs of ASD. How can this knowledge be used to develop interventions?

Question 31

Describe common social and communication pathways in children with ASD.

Question 32

Discuss the research related to the role of genes and heredity in the development of ASD.

Question 33

Research supports that fact that a child's ________ is the best resource when considering long-term treatment.

Question 34

Describe two of the physiological factors discussed as possible factors in ASD.

Question 35

Identify two school-based interventions for children with ASD. What does the research indicate regarding the effectiveness of mainstreaming of children with ASD with typically developing peers?

Question 36

Describe and give two examples of social cognition as it relates to ASD. How does this deficit impact children in the short-term and long-term?

Question 37

Evaluate Tony Attwood's analogy of children with ASD as unique plaid clothes. How does this concept add to the understanding of children with ASD?

Question 38

Design an assessment protocol to identify young children with ASD. Be sure it is comprehensive and descriptive and will lead to effective interventions.