Deck 18: Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

Question 1

Which set of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A 22-year-old male enters the hospital emergency room after severing a major artery during a motorcycle accident. It is estimated that the patient lost approximately 700 mL of blood. His blood pressure is 90/55 mmHg. A decrease in which of the following would be expected in response to hemorrhage in this man?

A)Heart rate
B)Sympathetic nerve activity
C)Total peripheral resistance
D)Plasma renin activity
E)Parasympathetic nerve activity

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which one of the following sets of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

Answer 3

F

Question 4

Which of the following would be expected to occur during a Cushing reaction?

A)Increase in parasympathetic activity
B)Decrease in arterial pressure
C)Decrease in heart rate
D)Increase in sympathetic activity

Question 5

Blood is withdrawn from a 56-year-old man with a 5-year history of congestive heart failure. Plasma concentrations of angiotensin II, aldosterone, and atrial natriuretic peptide are elevated. An increase in which of the following is the most likely explanation for the increase in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide?

A)Arterial pressure
B)Renal vascular resistance
C)Venous hydrostatic pressure
D)Atrial pressure
E)Cardiac output

Question 6

An increase in atrial pressure results in which one of the following?

A)Decrease in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide
B)Increase in plasma angiotensin II concentration
C)Increase in plasma aldosterone concentration
D)Increase in sodium excretion

Question 7

A 25-year-old man arrives at the hospital emergency department after severing a major artery during a farm accident. It is estimated that he lost approximately 800 mL of blood. His mean blood pressure is 65 mm Hg. His heart rate is elevated as a result of activation of the chemoreceptor reflex. Which set of changes in plasma concentration would be expected to activate the chemoreceptor reflex?

Question 8

Which one of the following sets of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

Question 9

A healthy 30-year-old man stands up from a supine position. Which set of cardiovascular changes is most likely to have occurred?

Question 10

A 22-year-old man arrives at the hospital emergency department after severing a major artery during a motorcycle accident. It is estimated that the patient lost approximately 700 mL of blood. His blood pressure is 90/55 mm Hg. Which of the following would be expected in response to hemorrhage in this man?

A)Decreased heart rate
B)Decreased sympathetic nerve activity
C)Decreased total peripheral resistance
D)Increased plasma renin activity
E)Increased number of impulses from the carotid sinus

Question 11

A tie is placed around a carotid artery and then pulled to partially constrict the vessel. Constriction of the carotid artery would most likely result in which set of physiological changes?

Question 12

A tie is placed around a carotid artery and then pulled to partially constrict the vessel. Constriction of the carotid artery would most likely result in which one of the following sets of physiological changes?

Question 13

A balloon catheter is advanced from the superior vena cava into the heart and inflated to increase atrial pressure by 10 mm Hg. Which set of physiological changes would be expected to occur in response to the elevated atrial pressure?