Exam 18: Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

A 22-year-old male enters the hospital emergency room after severing a major artery during a motorcycle accident. It is estimated that the patient lost approximately 700 mL of blood. His blood pressure is 90/55 mmHg. A decrease in which of the following would be expected in response to hemorrhage in this man?

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Question 1

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Which set of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

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Question 2

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A balloon catheter is advanced from the superior vena cava into the heart and inflated to increase atrial pressure by 10 mm Hg. Which set of physiological changes would be expected to occur in response to the elevated atrial pressure?

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Question 3

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Which one of the following sets of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

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Question 4

A 22-year-old man arrives at the hospital emergency department after severing a major artery during a motorcycle accident. It is estimated that the patient lost approximately 700 mL of blood. His blood pressure is 90/55 mm Hg. Which of the following would be expected in response to hemorrhage in this man?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 5

Which one of the following sets of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

(Short Answer)

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Question 6

A 25-year-old man arrives at the hospital emergency department after severing a major artery during a farm accident. It is estimated that he lost approximately 800 mL of blood. His mean blood pressure is 65 mm Hg. His heart rate is elevated as a result of activation of the chemoreceptor reflex. Which set of changes in plasma concentration would be expected to activate the chemoreceptor reflex?

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Question 7

A tie is placed around a carotid artery and then pulled to partially constrict the vessel. Constriction of the carotid artery would most likely result in which one of the following sets of physiological changes?

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Question 8

Which of the following would be expected to occur during a Cushing reaction?

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Question 9

A healthy 30-year-old man stands up from a supine position. Which set of cardiovascular changes is most likely to have occurred?

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Question 10

An increase in atrial pressure results in which one of the following?

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Question 11

A tie is placed around a carotid artery and then pulled to partially constrict the vessel. Constriction of the carotid artery would most likely result in which set of physiological changes?

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Question 12

Blood is withdrawn from a 56-year-old man with a 5-year history of congestive heart failure. Plasma concentrations of angiotensin II, aldosterone, and atrial natriuretic peptide are elevated. An increase in which of the following is the most likely explanation for the increase in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide?

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Question 13

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Exam 18: Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

Which set of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

A balloon catheter is advanced from the superior vena cava into the heart and inflated to increase atrial pressure by 10 mm Hg. Which set of physiological changes would be expected to occur in response to the elevated atrial pressure?

Which one of the following sets of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

Which one of the following sets of physiological changes would be expected to occur in a person who stands up from a supine position?

A tie is placed around a carotid artery and then pulled to partially constrict the vessel. Constriction of the carotid artery would most likely result in which one of the following sets of physiological changes?

Which of the following would be expected to occur during a Cushing reaction?

A healthy 30-year-old man stands up from a supine position. Which set of cardiovascular changes is most likely to have occurred?

An increase in atrial pressure results in which one of the following?

A tie is placed around a carotid artery and then pulled to partially constrict the vessel. Constriction of the carotid artery would most likely result in which set of physiological changes?

Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the Internal Environment

The Cell and Its Functions

Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction

Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes

Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials

Contraction of Skeletal Muscle

Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction Coupling

Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle; the Heart As a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves

Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart

The Normal Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities: Vectorial Analysis

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation

Overview of the Circulation; Biophysics of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance

Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems

The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid, and Lymph Flow

Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow

Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: the Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulation

Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation

Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; the Coronary Circulation and Ischemic Heart Disease

Cardiac Failure

Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects

Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment

The Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema

Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia

Resistance of the Body to Infection: I Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-Macrophage System, and Inflammation

Resistance of the Body to Infection: Ii Immunity and Allergy

Blood Types; Transfusion; Tissue and Organ Transplantation

Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Pulmonary Ventilation

Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, Pleural Fluid

Physical Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the Respiratory Membrane

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids

Regulation of Respiration

Respiratory Insufficiencypathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy

Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology

Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions

Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters

Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information

Somatic Sensations: I General Organization, the Tactile and Position Senses

Somatic Sensations: II Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations

The Eye: I Optics of Vision

The Eye: II Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina

The Eye: III Central Neurophysiology of Vision

The Sense of Hearing

The Chemical Sensestaste and Smell

Motor Functions of the Spinal Cord; the Cord Reflexes

Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function

Contributions of the Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia to Overall Motor Control

Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual Functions of the Brain, Learning, and Memory

Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of the Brainthe Limbic System and the Hypothalamus

States of Brain Activitysleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia

The Autonomic Nervous System and the Adrenal Medulla

Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brain Metabolism

General Principles of Gastrointestinal Functionmotility, Nervous Control, and Blood Circulation

Propulsion and Mixing of Food in the Alimentary Tract

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