Deck 15: Understanding Vaccination: Myths and Realities

Question 1

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
What is the relationship between the parts of the following sentence: T.rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones of its prey.

A)time order
B)example
C)description
D)compare and contrast

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
What is the overall pattern of organization for the passage?

A)comparison
B)listing
C)contrast
D)cause and effect

Answer 2

D

Question 3

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
What is the author's purpose?

A)To criticize
B)To persuade
C)To inform
D)To entertain

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
As used in the following sentence, the word discernible most nearly means: T.rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones of its prey.

A)noticeable
B)discreet
C)deep
D)painful

Question 5

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
What can we infer from this passage?

A)The number of vaccine refusals has increased because of the theory that vaccines and autism
B)Parents are refusing to vaccinate their children because they feel it is unnecessary.
C)The Lacek family continued to refuse vaccinations.
D)Vaccination numbers have decreased so dramatically that healthcare providers are now facing

Question 6

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
What is the pattern of organization seen in the following paragraph? The rate of vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009,
According to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations.It was the first time a drop
Had been seen.The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.

A)Comparison
B)Description
C)Cause and Effect
D)Time order

Question 7

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
What is the topic of the passage?

A)Cannibalism
B)Tyrannosaurus rex
C)Tyrannosaurus rex's eating habits
D)Tyrannosaurus rex and it relationships

Question 8

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
What is overall tone of the passage?

A)alarming
B)joyful
C)condescending
D)astounding

Question 9

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
What is the author's tone?

A)condescending
B)joyful
C)revealing
D)critical

Question 10

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
What is relationship between the following sentences? For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two youngest
Kids vaccinated.After all, the children were thriving without immunizations.But in 2006, Matthew, their
Youngest, complained of a sore throat and a pain in his neck.

A)Compare
B)Contrast
C)Space order
D)Time order

Question 11

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
What can we infer from the passage?

A)Over the past ten years, scientists have devoted large amounts of time to researching the
B)Scientists have neglected the T.rex explaining why little is known about the creature.
C)Scientists believe the Tyrannosaurus rex lived longer than other dinosaurs.
D)Scientists have learned all they can about T.rex and will be spending more time on

Question 12

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
What is the main idea of the passage?

A)The whooping cough breakout in California could have been prevented by parents giving
B)A link between vaccinations and autism has been discredited.
C)Booster shots are just as important as vaccinations.
D)Fewer parents are vaccinating their children today than years because of misconceptions and

Question 13

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
As used in the following sentence, the hesitant most nearly means: "They're hesitant to vaccinate because of the belief that they don't work and that their kids are not at risk
For the diseases," he said.

A)hopeful
B)optimistic
C)cautious
D)pessimistic

Question 14

For years, Kelly Lacek felt she and her husband made the right choice by not having her two
youngest kids vaccinated. But in 2006, Matthew, their youngest, complained of a sore throat and
a pain in his neck. The 3 year old suddenly developed a high fever. Hunched over, he struggled
to breathe. When his parents brought Matthew to the hospital, an older pediatrician asked, "Was
your son vaccinated?"
No, he wasn't. The Laceks were among those parents who had decided to postpone or skip
vaccines altogether, because of skepticism over the number of shots required, the ingredients or
concerns over a now-largely discredited link between vaccines and autism. The rate of
vaccination for kids covered under private insurance fell 4 percentage points in 2009, according
to a nonprofit association that certifies health care organizations. It was the first time a drop had
been seen. The authors said that vaccine refusal could be a major factor.
Adapted from Park, M. (2010, October 20). Where vaccine doubt persist. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/10/20/why.not.vaccinate/index.html?hpt=C2
What is the topic of the passage?

A)Whooping cough
B)Vaccinations
C)Overprotective Parents
D)Epidemics

Question 15

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
What is the main idea of the selection?

A)The prehistoric T.rex has been the topic of recent controversial research.
B)New research discusses the eating habits of the T.rex and suggests that cannibalism may have
C)Tyrannosaurus rex was a menace that preyed on smaller, weaker dinosaurs.
D)Mystery still surrounds the Tyrannosaurus rex after many years of research.

Question 16

Add cannibalism to the fearsome attributes of Tyrannosaurus rex, the big-headed
dinosaur that roamed North America 66 million years ago and took no prisoners. A study
released on the scientific website PLoS ONE suggests T-rex made the tooth marks on four
specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex. "If something is dead, it's lunch," said study co-author Gregory
M. Erickson. T. rex, known for "puncture and pull" feeding, left discernible marks in the bones
of its prey. And, researchers said, no other carnivore living at that time could have left such bite
marks in skeletons. They also determined the pattern and nature of the gouges left from bite
marks indicated the attacker was likely feeding on a carcass. Immortalized in the popular culture
and the movie "Jurassic Park," Tyrannosaurus rex is the poster child of prehistoric creatures. The
discovery of T. rex fossils has increased steadily in the past 10 years, Erickson said.

Adapted from Gast, P. (2010, October 17). Scientists: tyrannosaurus rex munched on its own kind. Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/10/16/tyrannosaurus.
cannibalism/index.html?iref=allsearch
What is the author's purpose?

A)To persuade
B)To inform
C)To criticize
D)To entertain