Deck 1: The Basics of Understanding Nutrition

Question 1

Which statement about essential nutrients is false ?

A) There are about 40 nutrients known to be essential.
B) Essential nutrients must be obtained from food.
C) All nutrients are important for life and therefore essential.
D) Some nutrients in foods are considered nonessential.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following vitamins are fat soluble?

A) A, D, E, and K
B) A, C, B, and D
C) K, B, and C
D) D, B, and C

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Marcia decides to go shopping and wants to purchase foods with less fat and calories and also to save money. Any of the following would be good to buy except :

A) salsa.
B) pork tenderloin.
C) frozen broccoli.
D) chicken nuggets.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

One gram of carbohydrate yields _____ calories, one gram of fat yields _____, and one gram of protein yields _____.

A) 4, 8, 4
B) 4, 9, 4
C) 7, 4, 4
D) 4, 7, 9
E) 4, 9, 7

Question 5

Characteristics of a legitimate and qualified dietitian include all of the following except :

A) an undergraduate degree in food and nutrition or a related science.
B) completion of an approved dietetic internship or its equivalent.
C) use of the term nutritionist after the individual's name.
D) successful completion of a national examination and maintenance of continuing education.

Question 6

The leading cause of death in the United States is:

A) cancer.
B) heart disease.
C) homicide.
D) liver disease.

Question 7

Joy decides to use the smart shopping tips she learned in her college nutrition course. All of the following would be good ideas except :

A) shopping when she is hungry so she will think of things to buy.
B) buying fresh foods in season.
C) reading the ingredients to compare similar products.
D) checking the store's sales circular for items on her shopping list.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a useful strategy when eating out?

A) Order grilled rather than fried foods.
B) Use mayonnaise in place of mustard.
C) Order a smaller burger, not a double burger.
D) Order skim milk rather than a milkshake.

Question 9

Which of the following activities demonstrates a concern for sustainability issues related to food consumption?

A) Purchasing fresh strawberries when they are out of season and more costly
B) Buying bananas grown in Costa Rica
C) Shopping when you are not hungry
D) Purchasing corn from the farmer in your neighborhood
E) Buying only items that are very nutritious

Question 10

Researchers repeatedly report that people who consume a variety of foods such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and whole grains have reduced risks of which of the following diseases?

A) Certain cancers
B) Stroke
C) Heart disease
D) Kidney disease
E) a, b, and c

Question 11

Which of the nutrients do not provide energy?

A) Water and vitamins only
B) Water, vitamins, and protein
C) Water and minerals only
D) Water, vitamins, and minerals

Question 12

Which of the following is not considered a nutrient?

A) Vitamin
B) Water
C) Carbohydrate
D) Alcohol
E) Mineral

Question 13

A slice of apple pie contains 50 grams of carbohydrate, 12 grams of fat, and 4 grams of protein. How many total calories would the slice of pie provide?

A) 264 calories
B) 324 calories
C) 924 calories
D) There is not sufficient information to determine the number of calories.

Question 14

The credential R.D. displayed by a dietitian's name indicates registration with:

A) the American Dietetic Association.
B) the International Academy of Nutritional Consultants.
C) the National Board of Licensed Dietitians.
D) the American Association of Nutrition and Dietary Consultants.

Question 15

For which of the following causes of death does a person's diet play a part?

A) Lung disease
B) Cancer
C) Chronic lower respiratory diseases
D) Infections of the blood
E) AIDS

Question 16

Imagine that you are reading a magazine article about a new product that claims to benefit health. Which of the following suggests that these claims might be valid?

A) The product is described as a "secret formula."
B) The article provides anecdotal evidence that the product works.
C) Scientific research is cited.
D) The product is available only through a commercial.
E) The article includes testimonials from satisfied customers.

Question 17

Limiting your intake of sodium may lower your risk for which disease?

A) Stroke
B) Gallbladder disease
C) Diabetes
D) Obesity
E) Colon cancer

Question 18

Which of the following nutrients provide 4 calories per gram?

A) Carbohydrate and fat
B) Fat and protein
C) Carbohydrate and protein
D) Alcohol and protein

Question 19

If you weigh 150 pounds and are at a desirable weight, how much of that weight is water?

A) 20 pounds
B) 30 pounds
C) 50 pounds
D) 90 pounds

Question 20

The acronym CARS can be used to determine the quality of information found on the Internet and includes which of the following terms?

A) Adequacy
B) Credibility
C) Reliability
D) Sense

Question 21

Since 2000, _____ declined and _____ increased in the U.S.

A) death rates from stroke have; death rates from all forms of cancer have
B) death rates from heart disease have; life expectancy has
C) prevalence of obesity has; the percentage of inactive adults has
D) life expectancy has; death rates from heart disease have

Question 22

If Sasha wants to consume 30% of her total calories from fat and she eats 2000 calories per day, what is the maximum number of fat grams she should eat?

A) 35 grams
B) 50 grams
C) 65 grams
D) 75 grams

Question 23

Which member of the typical person's social group often plays the most powerful role in determining his or her food choices?

A) The father
B) The siblings
C) The mother
D) The friends

Question 24

Why are degenerative illnesses sometimes termed "diseases of affluence"?

A) Extremely low incomes can promote malnutrition by making it difficult for people to afford enough food
B) The food industry spends billions of dollars on advertising campaigns for high-fat/ high-sugar foods, beverages, and fast foods
C) The perception that healthful foods are more expensive prompts people to choose high-fat or sugary convenience foods over produce and whole grains
D) Easy access to a variety of foods allows people to choose diets high in meats and other fatty foods that promote chronic disease development

Question 25

A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 44 grams of protein, 28 grams of carbohydrate, and 39 grams of fat. What percentage of calories in the sandwich comes from fat?

A) 28%
B) 55%
C) 80%
D) There is not sufficient information to determine the percentage of calories from fat.

Question 26

One nutrition-related Healthy People 2020 objective is to reduce _____ in the U.S. population.

A) intakes of solid fats and added sugars
B) the variety of vegetables consumed
C) intakes of calcium-rich foods
D) the contribution of dietary whole grains

Question 27

How does the diet of the centenarians from the islands of Okinawa compare to that of most U.S. adults?

A) The U.S. adults consume more seafood but fewer saturated fats.
B) The Okinawans consume more vegetables but fewer calories.
C) The U.S. adults consume more fruits but fewer calories.
D) The Okinawans consume more calories but fewer sweets.

Question 28

Where do most Americans look first for information on nutrition?

A) Doctors
B) Family/friends
C) TV
D) Magazines

Question 29

What does the cultural habit of hara hachi bu mean to the Okinawans?

A) It means they do not smoke or drink alcohol.
B) It means they only eat until they are 80 percent full.
C) It means they exercise 45 minutes each day.
D) It means they eat less than 35% of their calories from fat.

Question 30

Which of the following is not a function of water in the body?

A) It is the medium in which all the body's processes take place
B) It transports hormonal messages from place to place
C) It provides a small amount of energy needed by the nervous system
D) It carries nutrients to body cells

Question 31

Which of the following provides 7 calories per gram?

A) Protein
B) Fat
C) Carbohydrate
D) Alcohol

Question 32

If a food has 10 grams of fat and 100 calories per serving, what is the percentage of calories from fat in this food?

A) 10%
B) 40%
C) 50%
D) 90%

Question 33

Which of the following are the water-soluble vitamins?

A) B vitamins and D
B) A and D
C) B vitamins and C
D) A, D, E, and K

Question 34

Which disease is not influenced by diet?

A) Hypertension
B) Hemophilia
C) Arthritis
D) Cancer

Question 35

Jerry signed up for a scientific study in which he will follow a special diet to see if it will lower his high blood cholesterol level. Which type of scientific study is this?

A) Intervention study
B) Placebo study
C) Epidemiological study
D) Survey study

Question 36

Helen is ordering a pizza for her family. Which would be the best topping for her to request?

A) Green peppers
B) Pepperoni
C) Sausage
D) Extra cheese

Question 37

Which of the nutrients listed below does not provide energy for the body?

A) Carbohydrate
B) Water
C) Fat
D) Protein

Question 38

Which of the following is not one of the Healthy People 2020 nutrition-related objectives for the nation?

A) Reduce deaths from food allergies
B) Reduce rates of iron-deficiency anemia
C) Increase intake of fruits
D) Decrease food security among U.S. households

Question 39

Susan wants to eat lunch at the fast-food restaurant near her school. Which of the following choices would you recommend she order?

A) A grilled chicken sandwich with ketchup, side salad with vinaigrette
B) A fried chicken sandwich with mayonnaise, side salad with dressing
C) A fish sandwich with tarter sauce, baked potato with butter
D) A cheeseburger and a milkshake

Question 40

What compound supplies energy but cannot promote growth or repair of the body?

A) Tobacco
B) Fat
C) Alcohol
D) Glucose

Question 41

Access to an abundance of foods has been shown to contribute to increased rates of degenerative diseases.

Question 43

The Okinawans have a lower prevalence of chronic diseases than most others in the world.

Question 44

Simone is looking for some reliable information on nutrition, and performs an Internet search. Which of the following would suggest that the site she is reading is unreliable?

A) The site states: "This website is authored and maintained by John Fawkes, M.D., a practicing physician who teaches at --- University Medical School."
B) The latest post on the "recent news" page is dated the day before
C) The site describes both potential risks and benefits of taking calcium supplements
D) The sources of statistics and study findings discussed are not listed anywhere

Question 45

Even when people are served more food, they tend to eat the same amount.

Question 46

The Okinawans exhibit the highest mortality rates on earth.

Question 48

Describe how an early childhood experience related to food has impacted your food choices now that you are older.

Question 49

To eat a fast-food meal is really not consistent with a healthy lifestyle.

Question 50

One hallmark of a credible nutrition article is that it:

A) describes results of a study of a sufficiently large group of people.
B) discusses recent research studies that are at least 10 years old.
C) presents results that differ remarkably from those of similar studies.
D) appears in a respected newspaper with a large national circulation.

Question 51

A nutrition claim that appears in a newspaper is usually a confirmed, and therefore reliable, finding.

Question 52

Nutrient deficiency diseases have been virtually eliminated in America.

Question 53

The First Amendment to the Constitution allows journalists the freedom of the press to make claims for nutrition products.

Question 54

The diet of Okinawan elders is 80% plant-based and high in soy.

Question 55

The social and cultural groups to which a person belongs have a significant effect on food choices.

Question 56

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States.

Question 57

An epidemiological study examines populations to determine food patterns and health status over time.

Question 58

The physiological need for food is also known as appetite.

Question 59

Cultural norms help determine food choices by:

A) imparting an innate preference for sweet tastes.
B) serving as the most influential source of nutrition information in the U.S.
C) influencing beliefs about which plants and animals should be eaten as food.
D) controlling the physiological need for food.

Question 60

Okinawans are a group of Eskimos that eat a high-fat diet but still maintain good health.

Question 61

List 4 factors that work together to determine a person's likelihood of suffering from a degenerative disease.

Question 62

Discuss why the term "malnutrition" does not necessarily mean a person is suffering from a deficiency disease.

Question 63

You are a typical busy college student and have 45 minutes before your next class. You rush into a fast-food restaurant determined to make a healthy choice. Describe what you would order. Include a main course, side dish, and beverage.

Question 64

Discuss how environmental, behavioral, social, and genetic factors work together to determine a person's likelihood of suffering from a degenerative disease.

Question 65

List 3 things you can do to help save money and time while providing healthful meals for you and your family.

Question 66

Describe a typical fast-food meal and offer tips on how you could reduce the saturated fat and calories from fast-food meals.

Question 67

Describe the procedure for locating a reliable source of nutrition information.

Question 68

Using the Healthy People 2020 goals, identify 3 personal health objectives that you know you need to improve upon, and suggest ways you can reach these goals.

Question 69

List five foods that you typically eat and indicate the possible factors that influence your food choices.