Deck 14: From Compromise to Secession

Question 1

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Fugitive Slave Act

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Pottawatomie massacre

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Stephen A. Douglas

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Personal-liberty laws

Question 5

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Conscience Whigs

Question 6

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Henry Clay, Daniel Webster

Question 7

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Know-Nothing party

Question 8

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin

Question 9

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Millard Fillmore

Question 10

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Gadsden Purchase

Question 11

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Bleeding Kansas

Question 12

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
John Brown and Harpers Ferry

Question 13

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Franklin Pierce

Question 14

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Doctrine of free soil, Popular Sovereignty

Question 15

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Kansas-Nebraska Act

Question 16

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Ostend Manifesto

Question 17

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Lecompton and Topeka governments

Question 18

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Republican party

Question 19

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
William Walker

Question 20

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Compromise of 1850

Question 21

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Slave Power

Question 22

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Fort Sumter

Question 23

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Lincoln-Douglas debates

Question 24

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Abraham Lincoln

Question 25

Which provision of the Compromise of 1850 antagonized the North the most?

A) The entrance of California as a free state in the Union
B) The abolition of the slave trade in Washington, D.C.
C) The use of popular sovereignty as the basis for determining the status of slavery in the territories
D) The strengthening of the Fugitive Slave Act
E) The federal assumption of the Texas debt

Question 26

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
The South Alone Should Govern the South

Question 27

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Election of 1860

Question 28

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
John J. Crittenden

Question 29

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
John Breckinridge, John Bell

Question 30

In his 1860 address at Cooper Union, Abraham Lincoln proclaimed that the South would be satisfied only if they were convinced that

A) the Republicans agreed that slavery was morally and legally right;
B) the tariff that Republicans favored would not apply to the importation of new slaves;
C) the federal government had the power to restrict slavery in the territories
D) a Republican administration would support filibustering expeditions to Cuba;
E) the Fugitive Slave Act was wrong.

Question 31

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
James Buchanan

Question 32

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Edmund Ruffin

Question 33

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Confederate States of America, Jefferson Davis

Question 34

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
"Higher law"

Question 35

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Dred Scott v. Sandford

Question 36

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Charles Sumner and Preston Brooks

Question 37

Which of the following provisions was not part of Henry Clay's "Omnibus Bill"?

A) the abolition of slavery in states west of the Mississippi.
B) the abolition of the slave trade in the District of Columbia.
C) a new fugitive slave law.
D) the admission of California as a free state.
E) the federal assumption of the Texas debt.

Question 38

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Lecompton Constitution

Question 39

In Uncle Tom's Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe took on the pro-slavery position by contending that

A) no good can ever come from slavery.
B) slavery produced a weak and degraded population.
C) good intentions of some owners cannot make up for an evil institution.
D) owners often broke the promises they made to slaves.
E) slavery actually hurt  not helped  the South's economy.

Question 40

In Dred Scott v. Sandford , the Supreme Court ruled that

A) slaves were not citizens; therefore, they could not sue in federal courts.
B) like all blacks, including those who were free, slaves could not become citizens of the United States
C) residence in a free territory did not make a slave free.
D) None of these choices
E) All of these choices

Question 41

Which of the following is not true about the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

A) It rendered the terms of the Compromise of 1850 void.
B) It superseded the Missouri Compromise.
C) It split the Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska.
D) It applied the principle of popular sovereignty to Nebraska and Kansas.
E) It was sponsored by Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois.

Question 42

The Gadsden Purchase is historically significant because

A) It was the first land sale in the new Kansas Territory.
B) The small strip of land in Arizona and New Mexico would become the lynchpin of a Southwest railroad line.
C) Opposition to it showed that public attitudes about expansion were changing.
D) It was the first U.S. attempt to purchase Cuba.
E) It facilitated an unofficial military expedition to Honduras.

Question 43

In the mid 1850s, the Whig party divided into Conscience Whigs and Conservatives along the following lines:

A) Conscience Whigs were pro tariff and conservatives were not.
B) Conscience Whigs opposed slavery; conservatives embraced the Compromise of 1850.
C) Conscience Whigs were generally Southerners; conservatives were from the North.
D) Conscience Whigs wanted to ban immigration; conservatives supported limitations on immigration but not an outright ban.
E) Conscience Whigs favored government-sponsored internal improvements; conservatives thought states should pay for their own improvements.

Question 44

What was the significance of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin ?

A) It contradicted prevailing stereotypes about blacks.
B) It challenged the common notion that slavery tore apart the black family.
C) It pushed many waverers to an aggressive antislavery stance.
D) It strengthened the southern defense of slavery by reinforcing stereotypes of blacks as docile and inferior.
E) It sold relatively few copies and was soon out of print.

Question 45

Why did Abraham Lincoln win the 1860 presidential election?

A) He obtained over half of the popular vote throughout the country.
B) He won all of the southern vote.
C) Since no candidate won a clear majority, the House of Representatives selected Lincoln.
D) He took advantage of the split in the Democratic Party and won a plurality of the vote.
E) None of these choices

Question 46

Why did "Bleeding Kansas" occur?

A) Proslavery forces stole the election for the state legislature.
B) Antislavery forces took up "Beecher's Bibles."
C) John Brown led a brutal murder of five proslavery men.
D) The nation's precarious sectional balance was in danger.
E) All of these choices

Question 47

What did the Know-Nothing Party argue?

A) Free blacks should be offered equal opportunities as whites.
B) Slavery should be extended to all territories.
C) The U.S. should be rid of immigrant and Catholic political influence.
D) Free blacks and immigrants should be encouraged to settle in the North.
E) The South should secede from the Union where it would be free to determine the fate of slavery on its own.

Question 48

Which of the following was a provision of the Fugitive Slave Act?

A) Alleged fugitive slaves had no right to a jury trial.
B) Alleged fugitive slaves had to take the witness stand in their own defense.
C) Alleged fugitive slaves would be returned to slavery if the claimant presented at least six witnesses.
D) Slaves who had escaped prior to the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo were exempt from capture.
E) Only state law enforcement officials could pursue runaway slaves.

Question 49

Which of the following is not a reason why the Know-Nothing party declined rapidly?

A) The party's split into northern and southern.
B) The party's acceptance of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
C) The party's radical policy of open membership and public meetings.
D) The party proved vulnerable to the challenge posed by the emerging Republican party.
E) The party's difficulty reconciling its antislavery attitudes with its anti-Catholic impulses.

Question 50

In the 1850s, what did filibusters like William Walker do?

A) They talked unceasingly in Congress to prevent the passage of any antislavery legislation.
B) They spoke on behalf of the Ostend Manifesto.
C) They led bands of proslavery "ruffians" into Kansas to vote illegally for a proslavery state legislature.
D) They conducted raids across the border between Canada and Oregon, in an attempt to retake "lost" territory.
E) They organized unofficial military expeditions to Cuba and Central America.

Question 51

Which of the following was not an opinion on slavery held by free soil supporters?

A) Some free-soilers objected to slavery in the West because they didn't want any blacks at all there.
B) Free-soilers believed that American slavery had natural geographic limits beyond which it would not spread.
C) Free-soilers believed that the presence of slavery impeded the progress of white civilization.
D) Free-soilers believed that wherever slavery appeared, labor lost its dignity.
E) Free-soilers thought that slavery should be abolished simply because it was immoral.

Question 52

What did the writer Ralph Waldo Emerson conclude about John Brown's raid?

A) That leading northern abolitionists were actually behind it.
B) Brown's execution would make him a martyr for the abolitionist cause.
C) That it would have succeeded if he had had more time.
D) That it would lead to the torture of thousands of slaves across the South.
E) That it would further divide the North and the South.

Question 53

The principle of popular sovereignty held that

A) the United States would hold a referendum to determine if slavery should be allowed to spread beyond its current boundaries.
B) each territory would decide for itself whether to allow slavery or not.
C) states could determine whether they would permit the buying and selling of slaves.
D) American citizens could determine how they would manage their slaves without interference.
E) the political party in power in any state could determine that state's slavery policies.

Question 54

What was the reaction of many northerners to the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act?

A) They joined with southerners to prevent runaway slaves from escaping to Canada.
B) Although some Northerners saw the act as the price of saving the Union, many more saw it as a vile monument of infamy and therefore took up the abolition cause.
C) They began campaigns to repeal the old "personal-liberty laws" that had been passed under the Articles of Confederation.
D) In Boston and other northern cities, mobs surrounded houses where runaway slaves were hiding, and forced the owners to surrender the fugitives.
E) They built special jails to accommodate slaves captured on northern soil.

Question 55

What did anti-slavery northerners come to fear about expansionist southerners?

A) They were conspiring to make the Caribbean a slave empire.
B) The South would annex Cuba and make it a slaveholding region.
C) The South intended to bring slaves to the new western territories, despite the various compromises that had been struck.
D) The South would start a war over slavery.
E) None of these choices

Question 56

Which statement concerning the presidential election of 1852 is true?

A) The Whig party lost much support in the South and began to break up.
B) Franklin Pierce won a close victory.
C) Whig candidate Winfield Scott won by vigorously endorsing the Compromise of 1850.
D) The Republican party made its first major electoral gains.
E) Franklin Pierce refused to run for reelection.

Question 57

The decline of the Whig party in the 1850s largely happened because

A) the party introduced a policy of low tariffs at a time when most Americans favored a high protective tariff.
B) of an internal, north-south split over the slavery issue.
C) the party supported unlimited immigration and lost popularity among urban workers.
D) the party became too closely identified with the nation's radical abolitionist faction.
E) the party did not have a large enough free soil wing to attract Americans who wanted to move west.

Question 58

What was the final blow to the Whig party?

A) Ostend Manifesto
B) Kansas-Nebraska Act
C) Compromise of 1850
D) Lecompton Constitution
E) Fugitive Slave Act

Question 59

In the 1850s, the main issue that unified the otherwise diverse elements of the new Republican party was

A) a national economic policy relating to the tariff, banking, and internal improvements.
B) "Bleeding Kansas"
C) Abolitionism
D) Nativism
E) U.S. expansion into the Caribbean

Question 60

Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired?

A) Fort. Bragg
B) Fort. Jackson
C) Fort. Belvidere
D) Fort. McHenry
E) Fort. Sumter

Question 61

As a result of John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry,

A) Southerners realized that extremists like John Brown had no ties to northern abolitionists.
B) Southern fire-eaters were incensed.
C) the states of the Upper South seceded from the Union.
D) Southern slaveowners were convinced that a slave uprising could never be successful.
E) Northern moderates formed vigilante committees to ensure civil peace in the southern states.

Question 62

Which statement is not an element of the compromise proposed by John Crittenden?

A) There should be a constitutional amendment to prohibit federal interference with southern slavery.
B) Owners should be compensated for their runaway slaves.
C) Personal liberty laws should be repealed.
D) None of these choices
E) All of these choices

Question 63

Which had territory had two competing governments in the 1850s?

A) Texas
B) Nebraska
C) Kansas
D) Michigan
E) California

Question 64

The Ostend Manifesto called for the United States to acquire

A) Mexico.
B) Canada.
C) Alaska.
D) Cuba.
E) Haiti.

Question 65

As a result of the 1858 Illinois senatorial election,

A) Stephen Douglas lost crucial political support in the southern states.
B) Abraham Lincoln's political career went into temporary eclipse.
C) Abraham Lincoln became the new Republican senator from Illinois.
D) the Democratic party was able to solidify its dominance of national politics.
E) Stephen Douglas became the leader of the new Republican party.

Question 66

What were the major issues discussed in the Lincoln-Douglas debates? On what issues did the two candidates agree, and on what issues did they disagree? In what sense did the debates summarize the controversy to date, and in what sense did they point to the future of the controversy?

Question 67

While Lincoln argued that slavery was morally wrong during his 1858 debate with Stephen Douglas, what was Douglas's position?

A) that it was a vital contributor to the South's economic growth
B) that slavery was a necessary evil
C) that it was an eccentric and unsavory southern custom
D) that slavery does not pose a moral issue since it can trace its history to the Bible
E) that blacks should have full equality

Question 68

In the course of his campaign against Stephen Douglas in 1858, Abraham Lincoln declared all of the following except

A) Congress had no constitutional authority to abolish slavery in the South.
B) Social and political equality between blacks and whites was not desirable.
C) The Dred Scott decision rendered popular sovereignty "as thin as soup boiled from the shadow of a pigeon that had starved to death."
D) This nation cannot exist permanently half slave and half free.
E) The best way to preserve the Union was to ensure that slavery was legal in all states, North and South.

Question 69

Why did the states of the Upper South join the Confederacy?

A) Richmond was designated the capital of the Confederacy.
B) Lincoln announced his intention of appointing William Seward as secretary of state.
C) The Crittenden compromise was rejected.
D) Lincoln called for volunteers to suppress the rebellion in the Lower South.
E) Northern troops were defeated at the first battle of Manassas.

Question 70

What was James Buchanan's position on slavery?

A) He believed it was less important than the preservation of the Union.
B) He believed it should be preserved in the current slave states but prohibited from the territories.
C) He believed it was an issue the legislature-not the courts-had to settle.
D) He believed it had to be abolished immediately.
E) He believed the federal government had no right to interfere with it.

Question 71

The Lecompton Constitution

A) protected the property rights of slaveholders already living in Kansas and provided for a referendum on whether to admit more slaves.
B) outlawed slavery in Kansas and petitioned Congress for statehood.
C) rejected the Kansas-Nebraska Act and proclaimed the Dred Scott decision to be the state's new guideline on slavery.
D) was adopted by a convention that was boycotted by proslavery forces who believed it would be rigged by free-soilers.
E) repealed the Missouri Compromise and officially adopted the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Question 72

Many northern states passed personal-liberty laws in order to

A) minimize the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law.
B) weaken the position of free blacks in their states.
C) weaken the abolitionist movement by offering some personal liberties to blacks but not true equality.
D) protect the rights of white men against the attacks of abolitionists and women.
E) make sure that the Bill of Rights was respected.

Question 73

Who won the 1856 presidential election?

A) Millard Fillmore
B) James Buchanan
C) Franklin Pierce
D) Winfield Scott
E) Zachary Taylor

Question 74

South Carolina Congressman Preston Brooks

A) murdered John Brown before Brown could be tried for his actions at Harpers Ferry.
B) beat Senator Charles Sumner with a cane.
C) defeated Abraham Lincoln in the 1858 Illinois gubernatorial race.
D) argued that slavery should be limited to the south.
E) led religious opposition to slavery in the south.

Question 75

In the 1860 presidential election, the Republican party adopted an economic program that included all of the following features except

A) Federal aid for internal improvements
B) A protective tariff.
C) Free homesteads for settlers in the west.
D) a national income tax.
E) providing land to immigrants who were not yet citizens.

Question 76

In 1858, William Seward spoke of an "irrepressible conflict" between slavery and freedom, and Abraham Lincoln announced that the nation could not be "permanently half-slave and half-free." Both were suggesting that conflict and disunion over the slavery issue were inevitable. Were they right? Was a peaceful solution impossible? Explain.

Question 77

How did Zachary Taylor dismay both southern Democrats and Whigs?

A) He believed that states and territories should be able to decide for themselves whether to have slavery or not but questioned whether slavery would be viable in the Southwest.
B) He argued that proponents and opponents of slavery should square in a series of duals.
C) He stated that the military should patrol the Southwest and prevent any radical supporters or opponents of slavery from entering.
D) He recommended that the federal government abolish slavery and compensate slave owners by paying them $4,000 per slave.
E) He insisted that slavery be allowed, but that slave states should educate and train slaves for eventual freedom.

Question 78

Which of the following candidates ran as Democrats in the 1860 election?

A) Abraham Lincoln and John Bell
B) John Breckinridge and Stephen Douglas
C) Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln
D) John Breckinridge and John Bell
E) John Breckinridge and Abraham Lincoln

Question 79

After the 1860 presidential election, why did Republicans reject any further compromise on the slavery issue?

A) They believed that war was the only method left to settle the issue.
B) They believed that moderate southerners would soon regain control, and that compromise on matters of basic principle was tantamount to surrender.
C) They believed that the nation was better off split in half because it obviously could not exist half slave and half free.
D) They believed that the issue had already been settled by the election of 1860.
E) All of these choices

Question 80

Which statement best describes the Republican party position in the election of 1860?

A) There should be immediate emancipation of slaves in the South.
B) A program of gradual compensated emancipation should be started.
C) There should be no further extension of slavery into the territories.
D) The principle of popular sovereignty should be honestly applied in the remaining territories.
E) The constitutionality of slavery should be decided by the Supreme Court.