Deck 26: Concepts of Basic Nutrition and Cultural Considerations

Question 1

The nurse consults with a patient who is a vegan and stresses that this diet puts the patient at risk for:

A) diabetes.
B) iron deficiency.
C) osteoporosis
D) scurvy.

Answer 1

iron deficiency.

Question 2

The nursing action that is most beneficial toward creating an atmosphere conducive to eating for a hospitalized patient immobilized in bed is:

A) lower the head of bed as tolerated.
B) remove the urinal from the over the bed table.
C) invite the patient to wash hands and face before eating.
D) use a deodorizer to remove any unpleasant odor in the room.

Answer 2

remove the urinal from the over the bed table.

Question 3

The nurse evaluates the patient's understanding of the fiber content of grains and cereals when the patient selects:

A) white bread toast with an orange.
B) wheat bread toast with a peeled apple.
C) shredded wheat and a banana.
D) a biscuit and a grapefruit.

Answer 3

shredded wheat and a banana.

Question 4

The nurse points out to the newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patient that complex carbohydrates:

A) do not affect the blood sugar level.
B) keep the blood sugar at an unsatisfactory high level.
C) lack adequate nutritional potential.
D) maintain a more consistent blood sugar level.

Question 5

A patient refuses to eat all types of meat, which has led to a protein deficiency. The nurse recognizes that the only plant source that contains all nine essential amino acids is:

A) bean sprouts.
B) lima beans.
C) kidney beans.
D) soybeans.

Question 6

The nurse would be sure the diet of a patient in an extended care facility who has a large pressure ulcer on his sacrum would include foods rich in:

A) vitamin A.
B) vitamin B1 (thiamine).
C) vitamin C.
D) vitamin E.

Question 7

The nurse in a long-term care facility understands that the 86-year-old resident's frequent complaints about "heartburn" are most likely due to the age-related decreased:

A) peristalsis.
B) gag reflex.
C) appetite.
D) sphincter tone.

Question 8

The nurse reminds the patient that the salivary glands excrete saliva, which initiates the digestion of:

A) proteins.
B) starches.
C) fats.
D) fiber.

Question 9

A patient has been placed on a reduced cholesterol diet to help control heart disease. The serving that would be most appropriate for the patient to select for supper is:

A) 3 ounces of tuna canned in water.
B) 1 frankfurter.
C) one 3-ounce pork chop.
D) 1/2 chicken breast with skin.

Question 10

A mother is concerned that her toddler is not eating enough at mealtimes. The most informative suggestion by the nurse would be to:

A) provide large portions to stimulate appetite.
B) provide single item foods or finger foods that do not touch each other on the plate.
C) increase the amount of milk at each meal.
D) use plain white dishes to keep attention focused on food.

Question 11

A patient weighing 132 pounds has been recommended to increase daily protein intake. The nurse assists the patient to make dietary selections of protein after calculating that the daily protein requirement for this patient is:

A) 24g
B) 36g
C) 48g
D) 60 g

Question 12

When a patient asks how is a good way to increase fiber in the diet, the nurse's best response would be:

A) eating unpeeled apples.
B) increase intake of dark leafy greens.
C) eating broiled salmon.
D) taking daily concentrated fiber supplements.

Question 13

The mother of a 4-month old infant asks what type of cereal is most appropriate to feed the infant as a first solid food. The best response from the nurse is to suggest

A) wheat.
B) barley.
C) corn.
D) rice.

Question 14

The nurse is delivering a meal tray to a patient in a skilled nursing facility who is a Muslim. The nurse should confirm the meal is free of:

A) raw fruits.
B) eggplant.
C) pork.
D) lamb.

Question 15

The nurse emphasizes the dietary recommendations made by the American Heart Association is to limit cholesterol intake to:

A) 300 mg/day.
B) 400 mg/day.
C) 425 mg/day.
D) 500 mg/day.

Question 16

The nurse is aware that vitamin B₁₂ is absorbed in the:

A) stomach.
B) large intestine.
C) liver.
D) gallbladder.

Question 17

On assessment, the nurse finds that the female patient has a BMI of 26, a waist of 37 inches, pale conjunctiva, and a large muscle mass. The indicator of this patient being overweight is:

A) BMI level.
B) waist measurement.
C) conjunctiva.
D) large muscle mass.

Question 18

The LPN/LVN filling out the Jewish patient's dietary menu for lunch would avoid ordering:

A) meat and fish.
B) milk and vegetables.
C) meat and milk.
D) vegetables and fruit.

Question 19

A nurse takes into consideration that the usual diet of Asian Americans has a potential for altering health because the diet is high in:

A) protein.
B) starch.
C) sodium.
D) vitamin C.

Question 20

The patient states that he uses a large amount of table sugar (sucrose) in his foods because it gives him quick energy. The nurse explains that sucrose will:

A) quickly raise the blood sugar, and the level drops slowly.
B) not raise the blood sugar as quickly as a protein source will.
C) cause a hunger and energy lag because of the rapid fall of the blood sugar.
D) also act as a good support to the digestion of fiber.

Question 21

The portion of carbohydrates that cannot be broken down by intestinal enzymes and juices is ________.

Question 22

The nurse uses a chart to show an obese patient who is trying to lose weight by counting calories that each gram of carbohydrate supplies_____ calories.

Question 23

The nurse instructs the patient on a vegetarian diet that protein intake can be supported by including complementary proteins in the diet with foods such as: (Select all that apply.)

A) bean soup with cornbread.
B) tofu stir fried with vegetables.
C) peanut butter on whole wheat bread.
D) apples and cheese.
E) lean fish with green beans.

Question 24

When assisting with the nutritional assessment of a newly admitted, confused, emaciated cancer patient, the nurse's most beneficial intervention to support the nutritional status of this patient would be to:

A) obtain the information from the family.
B) ask simple questions of the patient.
C) ask for a dietitian consult.
D) request an order for a full liquid diet.

Question 25

The nurse reminds the patient that adequate fiber in the diet has many health benefits, which include: (Select all that apply.)

A) improves elimination.
B) decreases blood glucose levels in diabetics.
C) delays the absorption of carbohydrates from the intestine.
D) enhances absorption of vitamin D.
E) decreases the absorption of fat.

Question 26

The nurse takes into consideration that the patient with pernicious anemia who lacks the intrinsic factor cannot absorb ________.

Question 27

The nurse is visiting an older adult patient who lives alone. The suggestion made by the nurse that would be most helpful in improving the patient's nutrition would be:

A) keep the environment noise free to concentrate on eating.
B) decrease intake of fluids to improve appetite.
C) use salt as needed to spice up the flavor of foods.
D) cook favorite foods in bulk and freeze in individual serving containers.

Question 28

The nurse stresses to a patient that proteins, one of the biochemical substances used by the body, can be found in: (Select all that apply.)

A) eggs.
B) glucose.
C) yogurt.
D) fish.
E) soybeans.
F) nuts.

Question 29

Young women are being educated about the trends in nutrition regarding nutrients that may decrease the incidence of cancer. Which of the following foods are indicative of these trends?

A) Raspberries, strawberries, blueberries
B) Beef, poultry
C) Eggs, milk, and butter
D) Corn, peas, and green beans

Question 30

The home health nurse is visiting an older adult patient with a history of malnutrition and memory loss. The nurse addresses the nutritional needs of the patient by:

A) writing down all the information for the patient.
B) giving the patient MyPlate for reference.
C) involving the family.
D) making out a grocery list for the patient.

Question 31

The nurse points out that the advantages of breastfeeding include that breast milk: (Select all that apply.)

A) provides immunity to most childhood diseases for several months.
B) causes no allergies.
C) should be supplemented with vitamin D.
D) encourages growth of normal bacterial flora in the bowel.
E) contains both fat- and water-soluble vitamins.

Question 32

When a nurse performs a nutritional assessment on a patient with HIV, what is important to include? (Select all that apply.)

A) Source of illness
B) Family and social history
C) Patient's education
D) Income level
E) Physical assessment

Question 33

The nurse caring for a patient with human immunodeficiency syndrome HIV would encourage the intake of greater amounts of:

A) vitamin D.
B) protein.
C) vitamin C.
D) raw fruits and vegetables.

Question 34

A patient of Mexican American descent has a blood pressure of 160/90 mm Hg and is moderately obese. The nurse can help the patient modify his diet by suggesting:

A) decreasing spices when cooking.
B) avoiding fried foods altogether.
C) limiting corn tortillas to two per day.
D) substituting the use of lard with canola oil.