Deck 4: VYGOTSKY: Culture and Development

Question 1

According to Vygotsky's basic concepts of the developmental process, a child's ________ proceeds by social interactions.

A) egocentric speech
B) inner speech
C) cognitive development
D) proximal development

Answer 1

C

Question 2

To understand cognitive development, Vygotsky argued that any function in a child's cultural development appears twice, on two planes. Which of the following is one of these developmental planes?

A) intrapsychological category
B) inner speech
C) sociocultural
D) sociocultural category

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Early in the cognitive development process, egocentric speech is associated with ________________ behavior.

A) sociocultural
B) internal
C) emotional
D) external

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Vygotsky used the term _______________ to explain how external activity becomes internal activity.

A) proximal development
B) scaffolding
C) egocentric speech
D) internalization

Question 5

Vygotsky believed that _______________ plays a major role in development.

A) motor skill
B) language
C) memory
D) visual acuity

Question 6

Vygotsky argued that all higher functions (e.g., memory, thinking, problem solving) begin as _______________.

A) relations between individuals
B) ideas
C) egocentric speech
D) biological processes

Question 7

Vygotsky referred to the difference between what people can do independently and what they can do with help as the _______________.

A) zone of proximal development
B) assistance zone
C) interpsychological category
D) intrapsychological category

Question 8

Vygotsky defined the zone of proximal development as the distance between a person's actual developmental level and the higher level of potential development.

Question 9

Vygotsky thought that very little of the elementary biological processes are transformed into higher psychological functioning by developmental processes.

Question 10

According to Vygotsky, brain development provides the physiological basis for the appearance of external or egocentric speech, which gradually becomes the inner speech children use to guide their behavior.

Question 11

According to Vygotsky, the less that children use inner speech to guide their actions, the more competent they become.