Deck 12: Epilogue

Question 1

Which of the theories has most relevance to Clara's concerns about trying to improve her children's chances to find a mate, reproduce, and rear their young? (

A) psychosocial theory
B) cognitive developmental theory
C) evolutionary theory
D) dynamic systems theory

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following theories argues for stages of development?

A) classical conditioning
B) evolutionary theory
C) psychoanalytic theory
D) social role theory

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Among the theories covered in the text, which one places the greatest emphasis on the interdependence of elements and the multidimensional sources of influence on individuals?

A) evolutionary theory
B) cognitive developmental theory
C) psychosexual theory
D) dynamic systems theory

Answer 3

D

Question 4

When you hear the word "chocolate," you feel your mouth watering. Which theory best accounts for this?

A) social role theory
B) classical conditioning
C) life course theory
D) psychosocial theory

Question 5

Which of the following theories is most likely to account for feelings of affection that Keisha has for her older brother, Deshawn, and jealousy toward her mother?

A) psychoanalytic theory
B) operant conditioning
C) cognitive social historical theory
D) bioecological theory

Question 6

What is an example of a contribution of cognitive developmental theory to the analysis of the case of Deshawn and his decisions?

A) it suggests that Deshawn is beginning to think in a probabilistic way about his future
B) it highlights conflicts between Deshawn's drives and his conscience
C) it illustrates the importance of social roles like student, football player, and older brother in Deshawn's decisions
D) it focuses on how historical factors might alter Deshawn's views about football

Question 7

Which theory most directly accounts for Deshawn's ability to learn new football skills through the observation and imitation of others, including televised models, more advanced players, and coaches?

A) cognitive developmental theory
B) social learning theory
C) evolutionary theory
D) operant conditioning

Question 8

What is a contribution of social role theory to our understanding of the case of Deshawn's decision?

A) Deshawn will experience role loss if he decides to leave the football team
B) Deshawn is striving to balance multiple roles including that of student, athlete, son, and older brother
C) the football team creates a social identity that is meaningful in the college environment
D) all of the above

Question 9

Which theory most clearly accounts for differences in the worldview and sense of self that might be associated with each of the main characters in this cas? Clara, Deshawn, and Keisha?

A) evolutionary theory
B) classical conditioning
C) psychosocial theory
D) bioecological theory

Question 10

Which of the theories addresses the idea of cultural tools, like sports scholarships, that play a role in the way young people think about and plan for their future?

A) cognitive developmental theory
B) cognitive social historical theory
C) social role theory
D) psychosocial theory

Question 11

Among the theories covered in the text, psychosocial theory gives the greatest attention to the theme of ______, reflected in conflicts that Deshawn will face if he decides to leave the football team and redirect his focus to other goals and commitment?

A) unconscious drives
B) object permanence
C) historical time
D) personal identity vs role confusion

Question 12

Deshawn is a member of a football team, in a particular college, which is funded by the state, and under the umbrella of rules that are established by the NCAA. Which of the theories highlights the idea of nested systems that impact individual behaviors?

A) cognitive behaviorism
B) social role theory
C) psychoanalytic theory
D) bioecological theory

Question 13

Which theory is most likely to view Deshawn as a developing system that is adapting to internal and external fluctuations by undergoing reorganization toward a new, higher order goal?

A) dynamic systems theory
B) psychoanalytic theory
C) social role theory
D) cognitive behaviorism

Question 14

Each theory proposes a somewhat distinct process to account for stability and change over time. Which theory accounts for adaptation through the processes of assimilation and accommodation as infants and young children actively explore their environments?

A) psychoanalytic theory
B) cognitive developmental theory
C) social role theory
D) life course theory

Question 15

Of the theories covered in the text, which of the following give particular attention to the period of infancy?

A) psychoanalytic theory
B) cognitive developmental theory
C) life course theory
D) both A and B

Question 16

If one views theories along a continuum from universal processes to attention to specific contexts, which of the theories places the most focus on historical contexts?

A) cognitive developmental theory
B) psychoanalytic theory
C) psychosocial theory
D) life course theory

Question 17

Of the theories below, which one(s) suggest universal processes that can be expected to operate in the same way regardless of a person's age or historical period?

A) operant conditioning
B) cognitive developmental theory
C) life course theory
D) both A and B

Question 18

Some theories focus on micro analysis of moment to moment experiences which gradually accumulate over time to create patterns of expectations, and new thoughts or behaviors. Which of the theories is most like this?

A) social role theory
B) life course theory
C) dynamic systems theory
D) psychoanalytic theory

Question 19

Some theories incorporate the idea that singular events can occur at any time that can alter the course of development. Which of the theories incorporates this idea?

A) evolutionary theory
B) life course theory
C) dynamic systems theory
D) all of the above

Question 20

Select three theories that highlight different approaches to thinking about the case of Deshawn and his family. What are some unique contributions of each theory? What issues in the case are not adequately covered by the concepts in these three theories?

Question 21

Explain the idea of adaptation. Why is adaptation a central concept in the study of human development? How is adaptation woven into the theories of development you have reviewed? Which theory or theories are most useful in thinking about how humans adapt to internal and external fluctuations and preserve their sense of well-being?

Question 22

Think about your own professional practice. Which combination of theories is likely to be most useful to you as you strive to understand and/or change the behavior of others? Explain/defend your answer.

Question 23

What is the most challenging idea you have encountered in this study of theories of human development? How has this idea led you to think about yourself, your relationships, and/or your relationship to the environment in new ways?