Deck 2: The New Global Interface: 1486-1639

Question 1

_____________________ argued that the treatment of the indigenous peoples by Spanish encomenderos was sinful?

A) Christopher Columbus.
B) King Ferdinand II.
C) Pope Alexander II.
D) Bartolomé de Las Casas.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

After the Portuguese were banned from trading by the Japanese government, the _________ were given in exclusive franchise to import and export at Nagasaki.

A) English
B) French
C) Dutch
D) Chinese

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Matteo Ricci went to China with the primary purpose of:

A) exploring the Forbidden City.
B) securing access to strategic Chinese ports.
C) spreading Catholicism.
D) delivering firearms to the Ming Emperor.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The Requerimiento (Requirement) was:

A) a pledge of loyalty taken by Spanish explorers.
B) a tax on all silver production in Spanish America.
C) an explanation of what Spaniards were doing in the Americas.
D) a justification of the Portuguese seizure of Goa.

Question 5

As an economic and political model, the encomienda system was:

A) an early form of American capitalism with private property rights.
B) a monopoly trade agreement between the Aztec ruler Moctezuma II and Cortés.
C) similar to European feudalism.
D) designed by the Spanish crown to concentrate royal power.

Question 6

Which of the following apply to the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas?
I) It was brokered by the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
II) It set the ground rules for trade for all European rivals in North Africa.
III) It drew an imaginary line to divide territory between Spain and Portugal.

A) I only.
B) I and II only.
C) I and III only.
D) II and III only.

Question 7

Which of the following occurred in the sixteenth century?

A) Chinese goods began to flow to Acapulco in New Spain (Mexico).
B) Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony began exporting beaver pelts to France.
C) The Ming Emperor resumed voyages to East Africa.
D) The British East India disrupted Mongol protection of India's port cities.

Question 8

In the first decade of the sixteenth century, Indian Ocean trade networks were disrupted by:

A) Malacca
B) Portugal
C) England
D) France

Question 9

Spanish settlement in _____________________ facilitated trade between the Americas and China.

A) Dejima.
B) Hispaniola
C) Chile
D) the Philippines

Question 10

In order to prevent Christian evangelization and commercial exploitation, _______ barred most European countries from settling and trading in the Closed Country Edict.

A) Japan
B) China
C) Goa
D) Mexico

Question 11

In the seventeenth century _____________ grew into a dominant force in economic relations between Europe and Asia.

A) the Toyotomi Hideyoshi
B) the Hansa
C) the Dutch East India Company
D) the Society of Jesus

Question 12

In the seventeenth century, the biggest challengers to Spanish and Portuguese control of the Americas came to be:

A) Chinese and Russian
B) Islamic and Chinese
C) English and French.
D) Russian and Dutch.

Question 13

Consequences of the European-American encounters between the late 15^th and 17^th centuries included:
I) a dramatic decline in the indigenous population of the Western hemisphere.
II) an influx of silver and gold into European markets.
III) the trans-Atlantic slave trade.

A) I and II only.
B) II and III only.
C) I, III, and III.
D) I and III only.

Question 14

Which of the following are true statements about the 16^th-century economy of the Western hemisphere?
I) Sugar was produced for European markets.
II) Silk and cotton textile manufacturing flourished in New France.
III) Enslaved Africans worked on plantations.
IV) Large amounts of precious metals were imported from Japan.

A) Only I and II.
B) Only I and III.
C) Only II and IV.
D) Only I, II, and IV.
E) Only I, II, and III.

Question 15

Effects of the Columbian Exchange included:
I) the introduction of new products such as chocolate, vanilla, and maize, into European markets.
II) the proliferation of Eurasian animals throughout the Americas.
III) the growth of sugar plantations in the Caribbean.
IV) a decline in the European population as new staple crops crowded out traditional foods.

A) I, II, and III only.
B) I, II, and IV only.
C) I, III, and IV only.
D) I, II, III, and IV.

Question 16

In debates over the proper conduct and treatment of the indigenous people of the western hemisphere, Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda asserted that:

A) the Christian obligation to treat indigenous peoples as equals.
B) trade was the most ethical approach to dealing with the natives.
C) the Spanish had a right and duty to subjugate natives since they were natural slaves.
D) the Spanish crown needed to respect the sovereignty of indigenous political leaders.

Question 17

Early French settlements in North America included:

A) Quebec.
B) Fourchette.
C) Fort Christina.
D) Jamestown.

Question 18

In the mid-sixteenth century the "New Laws" promulgated by the Spanish throne to reform Spanish treatment of the natives were

A) Followed to the letter; improving relations between Spaniards and the natives.
B) Adopted by other European monarchs in charging their settlers going to the New World.
C) Resisted or ignored by local encomendero.
D) Challenged by priests such as Bartolomé de las Casas.

Question 19

Which of the following groups did NOT have a major trading outpost in South Asia by the mid-17^th century?

A) Dutch
B) Portuguese
C) German
D) Spanish

Question 20

Which of the following became the largest consumer of Spanish American silver between 1500 and 1800?

A) Japan.
B) England.
C) India.
D) China.

Question 21

Identify and explain the most significant factors that influenced outcomes of early encounters between Europeans and indigenous populations in the western hemisphere.

Question 22

Define the "Columbian Exchange" and its impact on Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Question 23

Identify and explain the competing goals, actions, and impacts of different groups in shaping the political and economic institutions that emerged in Spanish America between 1492 and the mid-sixteenth century.

Question 24

Explain the role of historical contingency as it relates to significant global outcomes during the period 1486-1639.

Question 25

Compare and contrast the experiences of Asian and American populations with Europeans during the period 1486-1639. How can one account for similar and/or different outcomes in these encounters?