Question 1

As an economic and political model, the encomienda system was:

Accepted Answer

A)  an early form of American capitalism with private property rights. 
B)  a monopoly trade agreement between the Aztec ruler Moctezuma II and Cortés. 
C)  similar to European feudalism. 
D)  designed by the Spanish crown to concentrate royal power. 
A)  an early form of American capitalism with private property rights. 
B)  a monopoly trade agreement between the Aztec ruler Moctezuma II and Cortés. 
C)  similar to European feudalism. 
D)  designed by the Spanish crown to concentrate royal power. C

Question 2

Identify and explain the competing goals, actions, and impacts of different groups in shaping the political and economic institutions that emerged in Spanish America between 1492 and the mid-sixteenth century.

Accepted Answer

The competing goals, actions, and impacts of different groups in shaping the political and economic institutions in Spanish America between 1492 and the mid-sixteenth century were complex and multifaceted.

One of the key groups involved in shaping these institutions were the Spanish conquistadors and colonizers, who sought to establish and maintain control over the newly conquered territories in order to extract wealth and resources for the Spanish crown. Their actions included the establishment of encomienda systems, which exploited indigenous labor for economic gain, as well as the imposition of Spanish legal and political structures. These actions had a significant impact on the indigenous populations, leading to the displacement and exploitation of native peoples.

At the same time, indigenous groups in Spanish America had their own competing goals and actions in shaping the political and economic institutions. Many indigenous communities resisted Spanish colonization through armed resistance, as well as through diplomatic negotiations and alliances with other indigenous groups. These actions aimed to preserve their autonomy and traditional ways of life, and had a significant impact on the dynamics of power and control in the region.

Furthermore, the Catholic Church played a significant role in shaping the political and economic institutions of Spanish America during this period. The Church sought to convert and Christianize the indigenous populations, while also establishing its own economic and political influence in the region. This had a profound impact on the social and cultural fabric of Spanish America, as well as on the distribution of power and resources.

Overall, the competing goals, actions, and impacts of different groups in shaping the political and economic institutions of Spanish America between 1492 and the mid-sixteenth century were characterized by power struggles, resistance, and the imposition of new social, economic, and political structures. These dynamics continue to shape the legacy of colonialism in the region to this day.

Question 3

Which of the following are true statements about the 16th-century economy of the Western hemisphere?
I. Sugar was produced for European markets.
II. Silk and cotton textile manufacturing flourished in New France.
III. Enslaved Africans worked on plantations.
IV. Large amounts of precious metals were imported from Japan.

Accepted Answer

A)  Only I and II. 
B)  Only I and III. 
C)  Only II and IV. 
D)  Only I, II, and IV. 
E)  Only I, II, and III. 
A)  Only I and II. 
B)  Only I and III. 
C)  Only II and IV. 
D)  Only I, II, and IV. 
E)  Only I, II, and III. B

Question 4

In the first decade of the sixteenth century, Indian Ocean trade networks were disrupted by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Malacca 
B)  Portugal 
C)  England 
D)  France 
A)  Malacca 
B)  Portugal 
C)  England 
D)  France

Question 5

Which of the following apply to the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas?
I. It was brokered by the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
II. It set the ground rules for trade for all European rivals in North Africa.
III.It drew an imaginary line to divide territory between Spain and Portugal.

Accepted Answer

A)  I only. 
B)  I and II only. 
C)  I and III only. 
D)  II and III only. 
A)  I only. 
B)  I and II only. 
C)  I and III only. 
D)  II and III only.

Question 6

In the seventeenth century, the biggest challengers to Spanish and Portuguese control of the Americas came to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  Chinese and Russian 
B)  Islamic and Chinese 
C)  English and French. 
D)  Russian and Dutch. 
A)  Chinese and Russian 
B)  Islamic and Chinese 
C)  English and French. 
D)  Russian and Dutch.

Question 7

Spanish settlement in _____________________ facilitated trade between the Americas and China.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dejima. 
B)  Hispaniola 
C)  Chile 
D)  the Philippines 
A)  Dejima. 
B)  Hispaniola 
C)  Chile 
D)  the Philippines

Question 8

_____________________ argued that the treatment of the indigenous peoples by Spanish encomenderos was sinful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Christopher Columbus. 
B)  King Ferdinand II. 
C)  Pope Alexander II. 
D)  Bartolomé de Las Casas. 
A)  Christopher Columbus. 
B)  King Ferdinand II. 
C)  Pope Alexander II. 
D)  Bartolomé de Las Casas.

Question 9

Which of the following became the largest consumer of Spanish American silver between 1500 and 1800?

Accepted Answer

A)  Japan. 
B)  England. 
C)  India. 
D)  China. 
A)  Japan. 
B)  England. 
C)  India. 
D)  China.

Question 10

Which of the following occurred in the sixteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chinese goods began to flow to Acapulco in New Spain (Mexico). 
B)  Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony began exporting beaver pelts to France. 
C)  The Ming Emperor resumed voyages to East Africa. 
D)  The British East India disrupted Mongol protection of India's port cities. 
A)  Chinese goods began to flow to Acapulco in New Spain (Mexico). 
B)  Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony began exporting beaver pelts to France. 
C)  The Ming Emperor resumed voyages to East Africa. 
D)  The British East India disrupted Mongol protection of India's port cities.

Question 11

In debates over the proper conduct and treatment of the indigenous people of the western hemisphere, Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda asserted that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Christian obligation to treat indigenous peoples as equals. 
B)  trade was the most ethical approach to dealing with the natives. 
C)  the Spanish had a right and duty to subjugate natives since they were natural slaves. 
D)  the Spanish crown needed to respect the sovereignty of indigenous political leaders. 
A)  the Christian obligation to treat indigenous peoples as equals. 
B)  trade was the most ethical approach to dealing with the natives. 
C)  the Spanish had a right and duty to subjugate natives since they were natural slaves. 
D)  the Spanish crown needed to respect the sovereignty of indigenous political leaders.

Question 12

In the seventeenth century _____________ grew into a dominant force in economic relations between Europe and Asia.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Toyotomi Hideyoshi 
B)  the Hansa 
C)  the Dutch East India Company 
D)  the Society of Jesus 
A)  the Toyotomi Hideyoshi 
B)  the Hansa 
C)  the Dutch East India Company 
D)  the Society of Jesus

Question 13

Consequences of the European-American encounters between the late 15th and 17th centuries included:
I. a dramatic decline in the indigenous population of the Western hemisphere.
II. an influx of silver and gold into European markets.
III. the trans-Atlantic slave trade.

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II only. 
B)  II and III only. 
C)  I, III, and III. 
D)  I and III only. 
A)  I and II only. 
B)  II and III only. 
C)  I, III, and III. 
D)  I and III only.

Question 14

Identify and explain the most significant factors that influenced outcomes of early encounters between Europeans and indigenous populations in the western hemisphere.

Accepted Answer

The most significant factors that influe

Question 15

Which of the following groups did NOT have a major trading outpost in South Asia by the mid-17th century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dutch 
B)  Portuguese 
C)  German 
D)  Spanish 
A)  Dutch 
B)  Portuguese 
C)  German 
D)  Spanish

Question 16

The Requerimiento (Requirement) was:

Accepted Answer

A)  a pledge of loyalty taken by Spanish explorers. 
B)  a tax on all silver production in Spanish America. 
C)  an explanation of what Spaniards were doing in the Americas. 
D)  a justification of the Portuguese seizure of Goa. 
A)  a pledge of loyalty taken by Spanish explorers. 
B)  a tax on all silver production in Spanish America. 
C)  an explanation of what Spaniards were doing in the Americas. 
D)  a justification of the Portuguese seizure of Goa.

Question 17

Explain the role of historical contingency as it relates to significant global outcomes during the period 1486-1639.

Accepted Answer

Historical contingency refers to the ide

Question 18

Define the "Columbian Exchange" and its impact on Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Accepted Answer

The Columbian Exchange refers to the wid

Question 19

Effects of the Columbian Exchange included:
I. the introduction of new products such as chocolate, vanilla, and maize, into European markets.
II. the proliferation of Eurasian animals throughout the Americas.
III. the growth of sugar plantations in the Caribbean.
IV. a decline in the European population as new staple crops crowded out traditional foods.

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III only. 
B)  I, II, and IV only. 
C)  I, III, and IV only. 
D)  I, II, III, and IV. 
A)  I, II, and III only. 
B)  I, II, and IV only. 
C)  I, III, and IV only. 
D)  I, II, III, and IV.

Question 20

Early French settlements in North America included:

Accepted Answer

A)  Quebec. 
B)  Fourchette. 
C)  Fort Christina. 
D)  Jamestown. 
A)  Quebec. 
B)  Fourchette. 
C)  Fort Christina. 
D)  Jamestown.

As an economic and political model, the encomienda system was:

Identify and explain the competing goals, actions, and impacts of different groups in shaping the political and economic institutions that emerged in Spanish America between 1492 and the mid-sixteenth century.

In the first decade of the sixteenth century, Indian Ocean trade networks were disrupted by:

Which of the following apply to the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas? I. It was brokered by the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church. II. It set the ground rules for trade for all European rivals in North Africa. III.It drew an imaginary line to divide territory between Spain and Portugal.

In the seventeenth century, the biggest challengers to Spanish and Portuguese control of the Americas came to be:

Spanish settlement in _____________________ facilitated trade between the Americas and China.

_____________________ argued that the treatment of the indigenous peoples by Spanish encomenderos was sinful?

Which of the following became the largest consumer of Spanish American silver between 1500 and 1800?

Which of the following occurred in the sixteenth century?

In debates over the proper conduct and treatment of the indigenous people of the western hemisphere, Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda asserted that:

In the seventeenth century _____________ grew into a dominant force in economic relations between Europe and Asia.

Consequences of the European-American encounters between the late 15^th and 17^thcenturies included: I. a dramatic decline in the indigenous population of the Western hemisphere. II. an influx of silver and gold into European markets. III. the trans-Atlantic slave trade.

Identify and explain the most significant factors that influenced outcomes of early encounters between Europeans and indigenous populations in the western hemisphere.

Which of the following groups did NOT have a major trading outpost in South Asia by the mid-17^th century?

The Requerimiento (Requirement) was:

Explain the role of historical contingency as it relates to significant global outcomes during the period 1486-1639.

Define the "Columbian Exchange" and its impact on Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Early French settlements in North America included:

The Many Worlds of the Fifteenth Century: 1405-1510

The Paradoxes of Early Modern Empire: 1501-1661

Production and Consumption in the First Global Economy: 1571-1700

Global War and Imperial Reform: 1655-1765

A New Order for the Ages: 1755-1839

The Engines of Industrialization: 1787-1868

Modernity Organized: 1840-1889

Globalization and Its Discontents: 1878-1910

Total War and Mass Society: 1905-1928

The Ongoing Crisis of Global Order: 1919-1948

Hot Wars, Cold Wars, and Decolonization: 1942-1975

The Many Worlds of the Twenty-First Century: 1972-2012

Filters

Exam 2: The New Global Interface: 1486-1639

As an economic and political model, the encomienda system was:

Identify and explain the competing goals, actions, and impacts of different groups in shaping the political and economic institutions that emerged in Spanish America between 1492 and the mid-sixteenth century.

In the first decade of the sixteenth century, Indian Ocean trade networks were disrupted by:

Which of the following apply to the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas? I. It was brokered by the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church. II. It set the ground rules for trade for all European rivals in North Africa. III.It drew an imaginary line to divide territory between Spain and Portugal.

In the seventeenth century, the biggest challengers to Spanish and Portuguese control of the Americas came to be:

Spanish settlement in _____________________ facilitated trade between the Americas and China.

_____________________ argued that the treatment of the indigenous peoples by Spanish encomenderos was sinful?

Which of the following became the largest consumer of Spanish American silver between 1500 and 1800?

Which of the following occurred in the sixteenth century?

In debates over the proper conduct and treatment of the indigenous people of the western hemisphere, Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda asserted that:

In the seventeenth century _____________ grew into a dominant force in economic relations between Europe and Asia.

Consequences of the European-American encounters between the late 15th and 17th centuries included: I. a dramatic decline in the indigenous population of the Western hemisphere. II. an influx of silver and gold into European markets. III. the trans-Atlantic slave trade.

Identify and explain the most significant factors that influenced outcomes of early encounters between Europeans and indigenous populations in the western hemisphere.

Which of the following groups did NOT have a major trading outpost in South Asia by the mid-17th century?

The Requerimiento (Requirement) was:

Explain the role of historical contingency as it relates to significant global outcomes during the period 1486-1639.

Define the "Columbian Exchange" and its impact on Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Early French settlements in North America included:

The Many Worlds of the Fifteenth Century: 1405-1510

The Paradoxes of Early Modern Empire: 1501-1661

Production and Consumption in the First Global Economy: 1571-1700

Global War and Imperial Reform: 1655-1765

A New Order for the Ages: 1755-1839

The Engines of Industrialization: 1787-1868

Modernity Organized: 1840-1889

Globalization and Its Discontents: 1878-1910

Total War and Mass Society: 1905-1928

The Ongoing Crisis of Global Order: 1919-1948

Hot Wars, Cold Wars, and Decolonization: 1942-1975

The Many Worlds of the Twenty-First Century: 1972-2012

Filters

Consequences of the European-American encounters between the late 15^th and 17^thcenturies included: I. a dramatic decline in the indigenous population of the Western hemisphere. II. an influx of silver and gold into European markets. III. the trans-Atlantic slave trade.

Which of the following groups did NOT have a major trading outpost in South Asia by the mid-17^th century?