Deck 10: Reconstructing the Past: Methods, Evidence, Examples

Question 1

According to the authors, _______________________ is a way of observing, thinking about, and solving problems objectively and systematically.

A) criminal investigation
B) the scientific method
C) forensic science
D) crime analysis
E) none of the above

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A process of reasoning based upon a set of experiences or observations from which a conclusion or generalization is drawn is known as

A) deduction
B) induction
C) intuition
D) suggesting
E) synthesis

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A process of reasoning that commences with a generalization or a premise, and by means of careful, systematic thinking moves toward a particular fact, is known as

A) deduction
B) induction
C) intuition
D) suggesting
E) synthesis

Answer 3

A

Question 4

___________________ is the systematic arrangement of objects into categories based upon shared traits or characteristics.

A) Synthesis
B) Categorization
C) Generalization
D) Classification
E) Theorizing

Question 5

The process of ______________ involves an effort to separate the whole into its constituent parts for individual study.

A) deduction
B) analysis
C) synthesis
D) characterization
E) none of the above

Question 6

A conjecture that provisionally accounts for a set of facts is known as a

A) theory
B) priori
C) hypothesis
D) posteriori
E) suggestion

Question 7

According to the authors, a scheme of thought with assumptions chosen to fit empirical knowledge or observations is known as a

A) theory
B) priori
C) hypothesis
D) posteriori
E) suggestion

Question 8

According to the text, some experienced detectives, as well as scholars of investigative procedure, believe that criminal investigation involves an element of

A) professionalism
B) luck
C) determinism
D) perseverance
E) good will

Question 9

Shared characteristics between criminal investigators and intelligence agents include

A) investigative mind-set
B) interrogation methods
C) surveillance capabilities
D) an ability to think "outside the box"
E) all of the above

Question 10

______________, or the "science of rubbish" is a form of archeology used to reconstruct the past and reveal how people live(d).

A) Garbageology
B) Trashology
C) Junkology
D) Dumpster diving
E) none of the above

Question 11

The process of induction commences with the specific and moves toward the general.

Question 12

According to the authors, inductive experiences are considered an important component of a person's so-called "common sense," which supposedly governs his/her behavior.

Question 13

The process of deductive reasoning commences with the general and moves toward the specific.

Question 14

The science of classification is known as the scientific method.

Question 15

Based on the text, a theory presents a grand conceptual scheme that both predicts and explains.

Question 16

The cyclical process of scientific reasoning is applicable to criminal investigation as a means of reconstructing past events.

Question 17

According to the authors, the study of old newspaper and magazine files in libraries can assist in stimulating intuitive responses that characterize the investigative mind-set.

Question 18

The first step in reconstructing the past or unraveling the mysteries of the universe is to identify the problem.

Question 19

Garbageology is a controversial science because removing refuse left on a sidewalk is considered theft.

Question 20

Because of miscommunication between FBI field offices, Zacarias Moussaoui was never arrested for overstaying his visa and was able to participate in the 9/11 attacks.

Question 21

According to the text, the evidence needed to reconstruct the past is available through three sources: people, physical evidence, and records.

Question 22

Data mining is a relatively new concept in the corporate and business sectors, but is well developed within criminal investigation.

Question 23

Records are not a form of physical evidence.

Question 24

Stating the problem in criminal investigation includes determining what crime was committed and in what jurisdiction.