Deck 2: Understanding and Applying Theories of Career Development

Question 1

Should career development theories address life roles other than work? Why?

Answer 1

No answer

Question 2

Identify at least one unique contribution from each of the four career development theories discussed in this chapter?

Answer 2

No answer

Question 3

Which career development theory offers the best link to your future counseling practice/ population?

Answer 3

No answer

Question 4

How well do the career development theories discussed in this chapter address persons from diverse backgrounds?

Question 5

You have a career counseling client whose Holland type is RIA. She is working in an environment that is classified as SEC. With regard to this client, what can you say about consistency and congruence?

Question 6

List and briefly describe Super's 5 Life Span Stages.

Question 7

List and briefly describe the four stages of cognitive development described by Gottfredson.

Question 8

Describe worldview generalizations and how, according to Krumboltz, they impact career decision-making.

Question 9

In the 21^st century, individuals' personalities, abilities, behaviors, attitudes, are conceptualized as embedded within a specific context, to what degree does this challenge some of the assumptions of previous career developments? In what ways do

Question 10

The theory that focuses on the career development process as it relates to the types of compromises people make in forming their occupational aspirations was presented by

A) Krumboltz.
B) Holland.
C) Gottfredson.
D) Super.

Question 11

The three parts of Super's segmental theory are life span, life space, and

A) life time.
B) life concept.
C) life skills.
D) self-concept.

Question 12

In Super's theory, adolescents' readiness for career decision making is known as

A) career adaptability.
B) career maturity.
C) social learning.
D) decisiveness.

Question 13

Self-concepts developed through comparison of the self with others are known as

A) cognitive.
B) developmental.
C) subjective.
D) objective.

Question 14

One factor that influences life role salience is

A) genetics.
B) circumscription.
C) educational aspirations.
D) the dominant culture.

Question 15

According to Gottfredson, the ____ represents a person's conclusions as to their fit in society.

A) occupational choice.
B) compromise.
C) self-creation.
D) social space.

Question 16

According to Super, methods used to guide and clarify vocational identities for clients are

A) cognitive behavioral.
B) developmental.
C) both of the above.
D) neither of the above.

Question 17

In Gottfredson's model, the process of eliminating unacceptable occupational alternatives based primarily on gender and social class is labeled

A) circumscription.
B) compromise.
C) congruence.
D) salience.

Question 18

According to Anne Roe's personality theory of career choice, people choose occupational fields based on their ______________, which were influenced by the childhood environments that they experienced.

A) interests
B) parent's occupation
C) need structures
D) attachment to their parental figure

Question 19

In terms of Holland's theory, congruence describes the degree of fit between an individual's personality type and that of his or her

A) parents.
B) current boss.
C) current or prospective work environment.
D) siblings.

Question 20

In Holland's model, the degree of relatedness within types, such that similar types are located next to each other and have more in common, is a concept called

A) congruence.
B) circumscription.
C) adaptability.
D) consistency.

Question 21

Social learning theory identifies four factors that influence decision making, including all of the following except

A) genetic endowment and special abilities.
B) environmental conditions and events.
C) instrumental and associative learning experiences.
D) self-observation generalizations.

Question 22

According to Krumboltz, career concerns are least likely to arise from

A) the absence of a goal (career indecision).
B) expressed feelings of concern about high aspirations (unrealism).
C) conflict between equally appropriate alternatives (multipotentiality).
D) a presence of too many goals (indecisiveness).

Question 23

Krumboltz proposes to use indecision in the counseling process as

A) a desirable quality that motivates clients to seek alternative jobs elsewhere.
B) a negative quality that motivates clients to engage in new learning experiences.
C) a desirable quality that motivates clients to engage in new learning experiences.
D) a negative quality that motivates clients to stick to their present situation .

Question 24

The theory that has generated more research than any other seems to be that of

A) Super.
B) Krumboltz.
C) Holland.
D) Gottfredson.