Deck 1: Introduction

Question 1

Counseling models have shifted from:

A) brief therapy to psychodynamic approaches
B) systemic approaches to an individual perspective
C) psychodynamic approaches to intrapsychic individual models
D) individual perspectives to an ecological model

Answer 1

individual perspectives to an ecological model

Question 2

The ecological perspective looks at:

A) the individual
B) the individual embedded in his/her systems
C) environmental changes in society
D) the individual's relationship

Answer 2

the individual embedded in his/her systems

Question 3

Strategies aim to change functioning in which of the following domains?:

A) affective, physical, and cognitive
B) affective, cognitive, and behavioral
C) affective, emotional, and behavioral
D) affective, physical, and behavioral

Answer 3

affective, cognitive, and behavioral

Question 4

Which characteristic of effective helping has been constant over the past decades?:

A) brief solution-focused treatment
B) a focus on multicultural issues
C) primacy of one-to-one treatment
D) a working alliance

Question 5

All of the following are positive benefits of managed care except:

A) open-ended counseling
B) utilization of a team approach by interdisciplinary helpers
C) measured outcomes
D) focus on strengths rather than weaknesses

Question 6

The conclusions of a November 1995 Consumer Reports Study are:

A) consistent with current mental health service policies
B) that medication plus therapy is the most effective form of therapy
C) psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers do not differ in effectiveness as helpers
D) psychiatrists were the most effective helpers

Question 7

Recent neuroscience research has:

A) determined that biology has an important influence on psychological development
B) stressed the importance of genetics but not brain functioning in psychological development
C) supported the focus on environmental change
D) confirmed that medication is better than psychotherapy

Question 8

Communication skills are:

A) teachable
B) innate
C) used primarily by professional human service workers
D) taught within most school curriculums

Question 9

The ecological intake sheets ask questions about:

A) the individual context
B) the sociocultural context
C) treatment/professional context
D) all of these

Question 10

Professional human service workers include all of the following except:

A) counselors
B) teachers
C) nurses
D) psychologists

Question 11

Informal human service workers include all of the following except:

A) probation officers
B) nonprofessionals
C) friends
D) spouses

Question 12

The single most important ingredient in the helping process is:

A) a particular strategy
B) a well written treatment plan
C) professional training
D) a warm empathic relationship

Question 13

Psychiatrists are:

A) physicians
B) psychoanalysts
C) trained primarily in psychological theory
D) trained with a focus on research methodology

Question 14

The common denominator of all helpers is:

A) effective use of communication skills for problem solving
B) effective use of communication skills to develop relationships
C) utilizing behavior/action-oriented strategies
D) engaging in professional continuing education

Question 15

Social workers have particular strength in their knowledge of:

A) social policies
B) psychopharmacology
C) research methodology
D) all of the above

Question 16

Nonprofessional helpers:

A) receive formal training
B) are generalist human service workers
C) are volunteers
D) can be formal, semiformal, or informal helpers

Question 17

The first stage of the counseling model focuses on:

A) more scientific aspects of counseling
B) choosing a domain
C) choosing a strategy
D) building rapport

Question 18

Assumptions of the human relations counseling model include:

A) people are controlled by their environment
B) a focus on unfinished business from the past
C) people have some freedom to choose the direction of their lives
D) most problems today are intrapsychic in nature

Question 19

An integrated approach:

A) uses one theory in a consistent manner
B) is especially useful for generalist human service workers
C) focuses on the affective domain
D) uses a variety of counseling techniques and strategies

Question 20

Which of the following statements is false?:

A) if a particular strategy does not work, it reflects the client's lack of motivation
B) the helping relationship is based on the process of communication in the relationship
C) strategies are secondary to the helping relationship
D) helping relationships are reciprocal

Question 21

Equality in a helping relationship:

A) is impossible since the helper is an expert in his/her field
B) is based on therapist self-disclosure
C) develops from an understanding that what occurs in sessions is mutual
D) implies that the helper must quickly work to end the helpee's discomfort

Question 22

All of the following are part of the relationship stage except:

A) identification of the problem
B) agreement on the structure of the relationship
C) definition of possible objectives of the helping relationship
D) follow-up

Question 23

Successful termination occurs when:

A) a client no longer wants follow-up sessions
B) agreed outcomes have been reached
C) sessions covered by insurance are used up
D) a helpee says she is ready to end

Question 24

The development of communication skills aids the helper in:

A) developing self-awareness
B) learning to recognize inconsistencies between the helpee's verbal and nonverbal messages
C) learning to recognize inconsistencies between the helper's verbal and nonverbal messages
D) all of the above

Question 25

Briefly describe how the demographic changes in the 21^st century will affect your role as a helper.

Question 26

What has been the impact of managed care on the helping professions?

Question 27

Which characteristics of effective helpers remain the same in the 21^th century?

Question 28

Give three examples of how resources and techniques have broadened for counselors?

Question 29

What are some of the skills that our schools teach best? What does this mean for the development of effective communication skills?

Question 30

What are the distinguishing features between professional, generalist, and nonprofessional helpers?

Question 31

Compare and contrast the training and roles of psychiatrists, psychologists, mental health counselors, social workers, and psychiatric nurses.

Question 32

Give two examples of how cultural differences might affect counseling.

Question 33

Describe how counseling can be considered both an art and a science.

Question 34

Discuss the assumptions and implications of the human relations counseling model.

Question 35

Give an example of a problem that is systemic in nature.

Question 36

What are the primary goals of the three dimensions of the counseling model?

Question 37

How can a helping relationship be considered an equal relationship?

Question 38

How does the helpee's development of self-awareness increase his/her effective use of communication skills?