Deck 12: Planning, Instruction, and Technology

Question 1

Developing systematic instructional time plans involves knowing what needs to be done and knowing when to do it.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

If a teacher plans effectively, he or she need not keep all the details of the lesson in mind all of the time; thus the teacher is free to focus on dialog and immediate interactions.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

State learning standards conveniently include what the teacher should do in the classroom to reach the standards.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation are best assessed using multiple-choice and true-false questions.

Question 5

Direct instruction is a structured, student-centered approach that is characterized by low teacher expectations for student progress, minimizing the time students spend on academic tasks.

Question 6

When using the "direct instruction" approach, teachers are encouraged to criticize students who are unable or unwilling to keep an academic focus.

Question 7

Students show improved achievement when a framework is established for new material. This helps orient students toward learning the material.

Question 8

When they are presenting lectures, it is recommended that teachers keep them short and intersperse them with questions and activities.

Question 9

Seatwork refers to the practice of having students work together in small groups at their seats.

Question 10

Motivation and emotion are also important aspects of learning.

Question 11

Discovery learning is learning in which students construct an understanding on their own.

Question 12

For most students, discovery learning is least effective when guided.

Question 13

Constructivist learning is best supported by curricular focus rather than pure discovery.

Question 14

Critics of learner-centered instruction argue that it gives insufficient attention to the process of learning and too much attention to academic content.

Question 15

The fourteen Learner-Centered Principles (American Psychological Association Board of Educational Affairs) can be classified into the following four main categories: cognitive and metacognitive, motivational and emotional, socioeconomic and environmental, and teaching and learning styles.

Question 16

Students' learning can be improved when information is presented in a multimedia fashion that stimulates students to actively select, organize, and integrate visual and verbal information.

Question 17

Why has the use of technology become so important in today's schools?

A) Students like to use computers
B) Teachers find computers useful
C) Parents have started to donate funds
D) Adequate preparation for society requires technological skills

Question 18

Which of the following refers to "the Web"?

A) The core of computer-mediated communication
B) A hypermedia retrieval system
C) A location on the Internet
D) Using the Internet to communicate with another individual

Question 19

What is "e-mail"?

A) The core of computer-mediated communication
B) A hypermedia retrieval system
C) A location on the Internet
D) Using the Internet to communicate with another individual

Question 20

How would you describe "the Internet"?

A) The core of computer-mediated communication
B) A hypermedia retrieval system
C) A location on the Internet
D) Using the Internet to communicate with another individual

Question 21

Which of the following statements is true regarding technology learning in today's schools?

A)Schools need to focus more on core content required by the No Child Left Behind legislation and less on media and technology.
B)There is a huge gap between the technology knowledge and skills most students learn in school and the technology knowledge and skills they need in twenty-first-century society.
C)Most schools teach technology skills as an integral part of core subject areas but should teach them as a separate course or subject.
D) Technology usage in the classroom should focus more on drill and practice to enhance students' basic reading and math skills.

Question 22

According to the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), which of the following tasks is the most complex and therefore, could be conducted by students in grades 9-12?

A) Participate in an online cooperative learning project
B) Find and evaluate information related to an historical figure
C) Design, develop, and test a digital learning game to demonstrate knowledge related to curriculum content
D) Use digital-imaging technology to modify works of art for use in a digital presentation

Question 23

Eric needs to research information about the Inuit culture in Alaska. Which of the following is the best resource Eric should use to access this information?

A) E-mail
B) Instant Messenger
C) Search engine, such as Google or Yahoo!
D) Website

Question 24

Which of the following is not a potential drawback of using the Internet in the classroom?

A) Student access to diverse materials, databases, and perspectives
B) Requirements for up-to-date equipment and software and well-trained teachers
C) Student access to pornographic or otherwise inappropriate material
D) Student access to materials that are ethnically, culturally or gender-biased

Question 25

How are the technology standards developed by the International Society for Technology in Education classified?

A) Age
B) Subject area
C) Grade level
D) Performance outcomes

Question 26

Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for using technology in the classroom?

A) Use technology with an eye toward opportunities for constructivist learning.
B) Choose technology that provides students with positive role models.
C) Focus on technology that focuses on students' independent problem solving.
D) Continue with your own learning of computer technology.

Question 27

Mr. Chang plans to integrate technology into his student assessment practices. Which of the following illustrates an effective use of technology to evaluate student progress and achievement?

A) Online digital portfolios
B) Audio and video recordings
C) Interactive workspaces and software with multiple windows
D) All of these

Question 28

Jillian comes home from school and tells her mom she needs a computer. There are computers in her classroom, and today the class discussed how important it was for kids to know about computers for when they get older. Which of the following best captures Jillian's concern?

A) The technology revolution
B) Popularity of e-mail communication
C) Standards for technology-literate students
D) Biased Internet materials

Question 29

Miguel cannot wait to get home after school. Since his best friend moved out of state, Miguel has not been able to keep in touch with him. However, now that his family bought a computer, he is able to communicate with his friend via the computer. Which of the following best captures Miguel's excitement?

A) The technology revolution
B) Popularity of e-mail communication
C) Standards for technology-literate students
D) Internet resources

Question 30

In response to the growing importance of preparing students to work with technology, certain criteria have been established to ensure milestones of understanding at different grades. Which of the following best captures these criteria?

A) The technology revolution
B) Popularity of e-mail communication
C) Standards for technology-literate students
D) Internet resources

Question 31

During an early faculty meeting, the senior faculty is giving you and the other new faculty advice on the use of technology in the classroom. As they share examples of how they use technology in their classrooms, pick out which advice would not be beneficial.

A) One teacher uses the computer software that allows students to manipulate scientific matter in order to test scientific principles.
B) Another teacher explains how the computer can be used in math groups.
C) Another teacher helps students form connections with local artists through e-mail and chat rooms.
D) Someone else suggests that technology makes everything so efficient that you almost don't have to teach critical thinking anymore; the computer does it for you.

Question 32

During an early faculty meeting, the senior faculty is giving you and other new faculty advice on the use of technology in the classroom. As they share examples of how they use technology in their classrooms, pick out which advice would not be beneficial.

A) One teacher uses the computer software that allows students to manipulate scientific matter in order to test scientific principles.
B) Another teacher explains how the computer is especially good for independent research projects.
C) Another teacher helps students form connections with local artists through e-mail and chat rooms.
D) Someone else suggests the importance of being a reflective practitioner and continuing with your own understanding of technology.

Question 33

The learner-centered principle described as "the nature of learning" refers to:

A) having personally meaningful goals.
B) setting long-term and short-term goals.
C) improving self-esteem and appreciating one's own talents.
D) developing shared construction of important skills.

Question 34

The learner-centered principle described as "thinking about thinking" refers to:

A) having personally meaningful goals.
B) setting long-term and short-term goals.
C) improving self-esteem and appreciating one's own talents.
D) reflecting on one's learning process and goal attainment.

Question 35

Which learning principle refers to using a variety of thinking and reasoning strategies to reach learning goals?

A) "Goals of the learning process"
B) "Developmental influences on learning"
C) "Strategic thinking"
D) "Context of learning"

Question 36

Which of the following is not one of the motivational and emotional learning principles?

A) "Motivational and emotional influences"
B) "Intrinsic motivation"
C) "Effort"
D) "Goals of the learning process"

Question 37

The ______ principle stresses the importance of learning tasks being at the appropriate level for students.

A) "goals of the learning process"
B) "developmental influences on learning"
C) "strategic thinking"
D) "learning and diversity"

Question 38

Learning is more effective when student differences are taken into account. Differences along linguistic, cultural, and social backgrounds influence students' learning. Which learning principle best captures this belief?

A) "Goals of the learning process"
B) "Developmental influences on learning"
C) "Strategic thinking"
D) "Learning and diversity"

Question 39

Problem-based learning is best described by which of the following?

A) An emphasis on real-life problems
B) Using questions that reflect the core of the curriculum
C) Learning in which students are actively engaged in knowledge construction
D) Learning in which students are encouraged to engage in meaning-making through the use of teacher instructions and assistance

Question 40

If a teacher is utilizing essential questions, what is he doing?

A) Emphasizing real-life problems
B) Using questions that reflect the core of the curriculum
C) Learning in which students are actively engaged in knowledge construction
D) Learning in which students are encouraged to engage in meaning-making through the use of teacher instructions and assistance

Question 41

Which of the following best describes discovery learning?

A) An emphasis on real-life problems
B) Using questions that reflect the core of the curriculum
C) Learning in which students are actively engaged in knowledge construction
D) Learning in which students are encouraged to engage in meaning-making through the use of teacher instructions and assistance

Question 42

Critics of learner-centered instruction argue that:

A) it gives too much attention to academic content.
B) it gives too much attention to the process of learning.
C) it overemphasizes the lecture method of instruction.
D) overall it is ineffective.

Question 43

Ryan Stiller is interviewing for a faculty position at Ridgebrook High. The assistant principal asks him to state his approach to students' learning. Ryan shares his views on helping students to set realistic learning goals and engage in effective learning strategies, and on teaching them to monitor their learning progress. Which learner-centered principle has Ryan really touched on?

A) "The construction of knowledge"
B) "Thinking about thinking"
C) "Intrinsic motivation to learn"
D) "Social influences on learning"

Question 44

Lyla Rossetti is interviewing for the faculty position at Ridgebrook High. The assistant principal asks her to state her approach to students' learning. Lyla responds by focusing on instilling a sense of curiosity in students by helping them to see learning tasks as interesting and meaningful. Which learner-centered principle has Lyla really touched on?

A) "The construction of knowledge"
B) "Thinking about thinking"
C) "Intrinsic motivation to learn"
D) "Social influences on learning"

Question 45

Ronald Feldman sits down with his faculty mentor to share his beliefs about students' learning. During their discussion, Ronald emphasizes putting students into groups and other social contexts. He feels students will learn through their interactions, and the relationships that are built as a result of this will nurture students' sense of self-esteem and sense of belonging. Which learner-centered principle has Ronald really touched on?

A) "The construction of knowledge"
B) "Thinking about thinking"
C) "Intrinsic motivation to learn"
D) "Social influences on learning"

Question 46

Which of the following teachers is engaging students in problem-based learning?

A) Mr. Doolittle's class is busy working with paints of the primary colors. Students are excited because they have just figured out how to make green paint.
B) Ms. Rowley has her students at the edge of their seats. While she has a very important academic concept to communicate, she has been asking them very perplexing questions and they are excited to see where she is going with her efforts.
C) Mr. MacNeil's class is thoroughly engaged with newspapers, magazines, and the Internet trying to answer the teacher's question about how we should go about raising funds to allow for more computers in their school.
D) While Mr. Whitehead also watches students work with their paints, he offers suggestions that might aid them in reaching the objective of the activity, to understand yellow and blue makes green.

Question 47

Which of the following teachers is utilizing essential questions?

A) Mr. Doolittle's class is busy working with paints of the primary colors. Students are excited because they have just figured out how to make green paint.
B) Ms. Rowley has her students at the edge of their seats. While she has an important academic concept to communicate, she has been asking them very perplexing questions and they are excited to see where she is going with her efforts.
C) Mr. MacNeil's class is thoroughly engaged with newspapers, magazines, and the Internet trying to answer the teacher's question about how we should go about raising funds to allow for more computers in their school.
D) While Mr. Whitehead also watches students work with their paints, he offers suggestions that might aid them in reaching the objective of the activity, to understand yellow and blue makes green.

Question 48

Which of the following teachers is utilizing discovery learning?

A) Mr. Doolittle's class is busy working with paints of the primary colors. Students are excited because they have just figured out how to make green paint.
B) Ms. Rowley has her students at the edge of their seats. While she has an important academic concept to communicate, she has been asking them very perplexing questions and they are excited to see where she is going with her efforts.
C) Mr. MacNeil's class is thoroughly engaged with newspapers, magazines, and the Internet trying to answer the teacher's question about how we should go about raising funds to allow for more computers in their school.
D) While Mr. Whitehead also watches students work with their paints, he offers suggestions that might aid them in reaching the objective of the activity, to understand yellow and blue makes green.

Question 49

Which of the following teachers is utilizing guided discovery learning?

A) Mr. Doolittle's class is busy working with paints of the primary colors. Students are excited because they have just figured out how to make green paint.
B) Ms. Rowley has her students at the edge of their seats. While she has an important academic concept to communicate, she has been asking them very perplexing questions and they are excited to see where she is going with her efforts.
C) Mr. MacNeil's class is thoroughly engaged with newspapers, magazines, and the Internet trying to answer the teacher's question about how we should go about raising funds to allow for more computers in their school.
D) While Mr. Whitehead also watches students work with their paints, he offers suggestions that might aid them in reaching the objective of the activity, to understand yellow and blue makes green.

Question 50

For which grades did Cooper (1998) find that it was easier to assign focused and substantive homework assignments that require students to integrate and apply information?

A) Grades 1 through 3
B) Grades 3 through 5
C) Grades 6 and higher
D) None of these

Question 51

According to Robert Mager, behavioral objectives should include all of the following parts except which one?

A) Focus on what the student should learn or do
B) State how the behaviors will be evaluated
C) Provide incentives to ensure compliance
D) Determine what level of performance is acceptable

Question 52

Which of the following statements provides the best description of task analysis as a key aspect of teacher-centered planning?

A) Outlining key ideas at the beginning of each unit
B) Evaluating the relevance of a problem to a real-world situation
C) Breaking down a complex assignment into its component parts
D) Providing decreasing levels of assistance as students gain confidence and skill

Question 53

When task analysis is being performed, all of the following steps are followed except which one?

A) List any materials that will be necessary for completing the task
B) Determine what skills or concepts the students need to learn
C) List all the components of the task, in the order in which they must be performed
D) Evaluate the degree of difficulty students have with each step

Question 54

Bloom's taxonomy consists of educational objectives in all of the following domains except which one?

A) Cognitive
B) Affective
C) Emotional
D) Psychomotor

Question 55

Which of the following statements provides the best description of analysis?

A) To combine elements to create new information
B) To break down complex information into smaller parts
C) To make judgments about ideas or theories
D) To remember a list of information

Question 56

Which of the following statements provides the best description of synthesis?

A) To combine elements to create new information
B) To break down complex information into smaller parts
C) To make judgments about ideas or theories
D) To remember a list of information

Question 57

Which of the following statements provides the best description of knowledge?

A) To combine elements to create new information
B) To break down complex information into smaller parts
C) To make judgments about ideas or theories
D) To remember a list of information

Question 58

When Bloom originally presented his taxonomy, he described the six cognitive objectives as being hierarchically arranged. Under this arrangement, which of the following objectives was considered to be the lowest level?

A) Evaluation
B) Analysis
C) Application
D) Knowledge

Question 59

When Bloom originally presented his taxonomy, he described the six cognitive objectives as being hierarchically arranged. Under this arrangement, which of the following objectives was considered to be the highest?

A) Evaluation
B) Analysis
C) Application
D) Knowledge

Question 60

Which of the following is a category of the affective domain in Bloom's taxonomy?

A) Applying
B) Organizing
C) Perception
D) Synthesis

Question 61

In the presentation of a lecture, all of the following components are recommended except which one?

A) Begin with advance organizers or previews of the topic
B) Verbally and visually highlight the key concepts or new ideas
C) Present new information in isolation from information students already know on the topic
D) Elicit student responses periodically to ensure they understand the information

Question 62

After they ask a question during class, it is recommended that teachers wait approximately how long for students to answer the question before answering the question themselves?

A) 1 second
B) 3-5 seconds
C) 10-12 seconds
D) 15-20 seconds

Question 63

The first step in mastery learning is to do which of the following?

A) Specify the learning task
B) Plan instructional procedures, including corrective feedback if necessary
C) Break the course into learning units
D) Give a test to evaluate whether goals have been attained

Question 64

Of the following items, which would best assess a student's ability to apply information?

A) Explain how resistors can be used to adjust the intensity of a light bulb.
B) Identify weaknesses in the argument that all nuclear testing should be banned.
C) Present evidence to support the claim that power plant emissions contribute to acid rain.
D) Explain why all rainbows have a similar shape and arrangement of colors.

Question 65

Of the following items, which would best assess a student's ability to synthesize information?

A) Explain how resistors can be used to adjust the intensity of a light bulb.
B) Identify weaknesses in the argument that all nuclear testing should be banned.
C) Present evidence to support the claim that power plant emissions contribute to acid rain.
D) Explain why all rainbows have a similar shape and arrangement of colors.

Question 66

If Ms. Johnson tries to engage in task analysis of planning of her history lesson, which of the following is the first step recommended?

A) List historical documents necessary for completing the group activity
B) Determine what skills or concepts the students need to learn during group work
C) List all the components of the task in the order in which they must be performed by the group
D) Estimate the degree of difficulty her students will have with each step

Question 67

Which of the following scenarios best depicts "application"?

A) Margery takes pictures of wildflowers after reading a book about photography.
B) James identifies the assumptions of Darwin's theory of natural selection.
C) Isabelle disagrees with her English teacher's interpretation of a character's motives.
D) Lucio explains how plants obtain energy from the sun.

Question 68

Of the following objectives pertaining to reading a short story, which is most pertinent to the affective domain of Bloom's hierarchy?

A) List main ideas
B) Identify the main characters
C) Value short story reading
D) Students draw a picture representing the main idea

Question 69

Ms. Little teaches through direct instruction. When visiting her classroom which of the following activities would you be least likely to witness?

A) Ms. Little lecturing about a new topic.
B) Ms. Little asking students to answer questions about the previous day's topic.
C) Ms. Little asking students to discuss current events among themselves.
D) Ms. Little having students work on homework.

Question 70

When observing a classroom in which direct instruction is being used, one would most likely witness which of the following activities?

A) Students are reading newspapers and magazines.
B) Students are rehearsing a skit.
C) The teacher is demonstrating a new laboratory technique.
D) The teacher is telling a joke.

Question 71

Of the following questions, which is the best example of a "leading question"?

A) What is your biggest concern regarding acid rain?
B) What strategies can lead to the reduction of acid rain?
C) What is the biggest cause of acid rain?
D) You do want to read more about acid rain, don't you?

Question 72

On the basis of research by Schunk (2008), mastery learning may be especially useful for which group of students?

A) A group of students experiencing reading problems
B) A group of students experiencing spelling problems
C) A group of students experiencing creative writing problems
D) A group of students resistant to open-ended, exploratory art projects

Question 73

When teachers develop "big picture" goals first and then plan student activities in order to reach those goals, they are using which of the following strategies?

A) Setting priorities
B) Backward mapping
C) Concept mapping
D) Unit planning

Question 74

According to Robert Yinger (1980), teachers should consider all of the following when planning for instruction except which one?

A) Set instructional goals
B) Evaluate sources of information
C) Over-plan so that changing circumstances do not interrupt planned activities and goals
D) Identify criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the planning

Question 75

Which of the following is not one of the time-spans for teacher planning as developed by Robert Yinger?

A) Yearly planning
B) Quarterly planning
C) Term planning
D) Unit planning

Question 76

Mr. Li is conducting the type of planning that covers about a month of time in the classroom. He outlines his activities and content and develops realistic time schedules. At which form of planning is Mr. Li working?

A) Daily planning
B) Weekly planning
C) Unit planning
D) Yearly planning

Question 77

Mrs. Baumgartner doesn't believe in making last-minute preparations and decisions on content. Which level of planning does she not engage in?

A) Yearly planning
B) Term planning
C) Weekly planning
D) Daily planning

Question 78

Mrs. Garcia takes time over her coffee to examine her dinosaur activity. She checks over lesson instructions and the 3D exhibit setup time, and decides to get a feel for students' reception to dinosaur information when she gets to school. Which level of planning is she engaging in?

A) Yearly planning
B) Term planning
C) Weekly planning
D) Daily planning

Question 79

Mr. Timmons classroom is notoriously disorganized, unproductive, and even chaotic at times. Mr. Timmons explains that such an atmosphere allows for "teachable moments" and student initiative. Which decision-making area has Mr. Timmons clearly neglected?

A) Instructional planning
B) Addressing curriculum goals
C) Effective pedagogy
D) State-mandated testing

Question 80

To ensure teachers are attending to instructional planning issues, the administration at Westwood Middle decides to take a more proactive stance on the issue. Which of the following has been cited as a strategy taken to ensure such planning?

A) Engaging the teachers in weekly workshops on the importance of, and methods for, planning instruction
B) Having senior faculty observe an assigned teacher's classroom on a weekly basis
C) Requiring lesson plans to be submitted a month in advance
D) Administration "spot-checking" classrooms for apparent orderliness