Deck 1: The Nature of Literacy 1

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a behavioral approach?

A) providing students with hands-on activities in which they assemble a toy to show that they have comprehended a set of directions
B) making sure that students can answer 80 percent of the comprehension questions before moving to the next level
C) having students work in pairs so they can learn from each other
D) making sure that students are in the zone of proximal development

Answer 1

making sure that students can answer 80 percent of the comprehension questions before moving to the next level

Question 2

What is the zone of proximal development (ZDP)?

A) the amount of help that a student needs in order to experience maximal growth
B) the level of work that a student can do when working on his or her own
C) the difference between what a student can do on his or her own and what the student can do with help
D) the amount of growth that a student should attain in a year?s time

Answer 2

the difference between what a student can do on his or her own and what the student can do with help

Question 3

Which of the following is a top-down approach to reading?

A) teaching phonics after children have learned to read a number of words
B) teaching the letters of the alphabet and then their sounds
C) teaching phonics and then teaching students to apply this skill to real reading
D) teaching the sounds but not the names of the letters

Answer 3

teaching phonics after children have learned to read a number of words

Question 4

Which of the following practices would most likely lead to an aesthetic response?

A) asking students if anything in a story reminded them of something that happened to them
B) discussing why the author might have written a story
C) having students create a diagram of the story
D) discussing the techniques that the author used to create suspense

Question 5

The ultimate goal of Common Core State Standards is __________.

A) to have all students reach proficiency on national tests.
B) to have all students reach proficiency on state tests
C) to have all students reading to the best of their ability
D) to have all students become college and career ready

Question 6

What does the sentence ?We eated our lunch? spoken by a young child indicate about learning language?

A) Learning language is an imitative process.
B) Learning language is a constructive process.
C) Learning language is a straightforward process.
D) Not all children follow the same developmental path when learning language.

Question 7

According to Todd Risley, the most important thing parents can do to develop their children?s verbal intelligence is to

A) provide a good preschool experience.
B) spend quality time with them.
C) take care of their physical and emotional needs.
D) talk to them.

Question 8

Which of the following skills is most essential as students begin to search for and encounter unregulated information on the Internet?

A) skimming quickly to find the most important information
B) evaluation of accuracy, reliability, and depth of the information found
C) synthesis to manage and organize the large amount of information that has been gathered
D) analysis and interpretation of all collected information

Question 9

Which of the following is the best example of a teaching technique that is functional and contextual?

A) teaching the /s/ sound of c after teaching the /k/ sound of c
B) demonstrating most of the consonant sounds before starting formal reading instruction
C) testing students to make sure they have mastered their phonics sounds
D) teaching the /s/ sound of c just before students read about Cynthia who spends 50 cents in the city

Question 10

According to research by Berliner (1981) and others, students make the most progress when they are reading materials in which they know ________ percent of the words.

A) 99 to 100
B) 85 to 95
C) 95 to 98
D) 80 to 85

Question 11

The true test of reading is whether a student can

A) construct meaning from text and answer questions about what was read.
B) read the words with reasonable expression and inflection.
C) apply context and other word-recognition skills while reading.
D) sound out all or most of the words in a selection to better understand the context.

Question 12

According to Pressley, Allington, Wharton-McDonald, Block, & Morrow, what is the most outstanding characteristic of highly effective teachers?

A) They stress skills and systematic instruction.
B) The use a wide variety of materials.
C) They manage their classrooms and have virtually no discipline problems.
D) They believe their students can learn and act accordingly.

Question 13

What are some behavioral, cognitive, and cognitive behavioral practices that can be found in literacy programs?

Question 14

What is your approach to teaching literacy? Does it use elements of behavioral, cognitive, or cognitive behavioral approaches? After describing it, explain how you might implement your approach.

Question 15

In what ways is literacy instruction top-down, bottom-up, or interactionist?

Question 16

What is the readerʹs main role in the reading process, and how has it changed over the years?

Question 17

What is the role of culture in the literacy program?

Question 18

What is the role of the New Literacies in todayʹs reading program?

Question 19

What are the ten principles of teaching reading? Why is each important?

Question 20

What are the key characteristics of an effective teacher?