Deck 4: Fostering Emergentearly Literacy

Question 1

Children begin acquiring literacy

A) by the third grade.
B) long before they start school.
C) by the end of the first grade.
D) in kindergarten.

Answer 1

long before they start school.

Question 2

What did Read discover about children?s inventive spelling?

A) The spellings were mostly random and personal, based on each individual?s preferences or thinking patterns.
B) Children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds had diverse spellings.
C) Most of the children could not read their own spellings immediately after creating them.
D) The spelling systems of unrelated children were similar and followed a few basic principles.

Answer 2

The spelling systems of unrelated children were similar and followed a few basic principles.

Question 3

Which of the following concepts of print is the most basic, and one that you would most likely teach first?

A) Written words are divided by spaces.
B) What we say can be written down.
C) Sentences begin with capital letters.
D) Books have titles.

Answer 3

What we say can be written down.

Question 4

Children?s ?pretend reading? should be __________ because it __________.

A) discouraged; leads to ?pretend writing? and excessive use of invented spelling
B) discouraged; distorts their language perception and makes future phonics instruction more difficult
C) encouraged; complements the writing portion of an advanced literacy program
D) encouraged; helps them construct more advanced understandings about reading

Question 5

Which of the following would be the best technique to use to introduce concepts of print?

A) incorporating shared reading of a big book
B) setting up reading centers
C) encouraging children to ?pretend read?
D) having children copy words from newspapers or magazines

Question 6

In the past, writing in kindergarten and first grade consisted mainly of

A) drawing and creating invented spellings.
B) writing friendly letters.
C) creating original pieces.
D) copying.

Question 7

The current emphasis on writing in kindergarten involves

A) techniques and copied examples.
B) personal satisfaction and self-esteem.
C) exploration and expression.
D) spelling and handwriting.

Question 8

What is the most logical reason why many children spell the word girl as GRIL and the word bird as BRID?

A) They mispronounce words containing /r/.
B) The r sound dominates.
C) They notice that the sounds do not blend at all.
D) They confuse the sequence of sounds.

Question 9

Which stage would a student be in who spells the word name as NAM?

A) prealphabetic (prephonemic stage)
B) consolidated alphabetic (within word pattern or orthographic stage)
C) alphabetic (letter name stage)
D) syllable juncture stage (conventional spelling stage)

Question 10

According to Adams, which of the following seems to be the most important prerequisite for learning conventional reading and writing?

A) knowledge of sentence structure
B) phonemic awareness & letter knowledge
C) ability to form both capital and lowercase letters
D) understanding of the major uses of print

Question 11

Which of the following would generally be taught last?

A) telling whether words begin with the same sound
B) blending the sounds in a word
C) identifying beginning consonants
D) counting the number of words in a spoken sentence

Question 12

According to Neuman and Roskos preschoolers should learn about literacy mostly through

A) interactions with peers.
B) formal instruction in literacy.
C) exposure to and involvement in reading and writing activities.
D) texts specifically designed to start off slowly.

Question 13

What is emergent literacy and how might it be fostered?

Question 14

How might dramatic play be adapted so that it fosters emergent literacy?

Question 15

What are the stages of spelling development? How might knowledge of stages be applied to instruction?

Question 16

What are some techniques for teaching letter knowledge?

Question 17

List a number of creative techniques for teaching phonological awareness. Then choose three techniques and discuss how they may be used to maximize effectiveness.

Question 18

What are the steps in speech-to-print recognition techniques?

Question 19

How can teachers avoid dominating conversations and encourage extended expression and language develop in young children?

Question 20

What are the main characteristics of effective preschool literacy programs?