Deck 4: Basic Concepts About Matter

Question 1

Which of the following is a property of both solids and liquids?

A) definite shape
B) indefinite shape
C) definite volume
D) indefinite volume

Answer 1

definite volume

Question 2

Gallium has a melting point of 30 °C and a boiling point of 2403 °C. At which temperature below will gallium be a gas?

A) -25 °C
B) 25 °C
C) 250 °C
D) 2500 °C

Answer 2

2500 °C

Question 3

Which statement best describes a sample of gas?

A) A gas has a definite volume and a definite shape.
B) The volume and the shape of a gas are determined by its container.
C) A gas has a definite volume, but its shape is determined by its container.
D) The volume of a gas is determined by its container, but it has a definite shape.

Answer 3

The volume and the shape of a gas are determined by its container.

Question 4

The state of matter of a substance is determined by its ________.

A) electrical conductivity
B) density
C) temperature
D) solubility

Question 5

Molten iron metal has a(n) ________ volume and a(n) ________ shape.

A) definite; definite
B) indefinite; indefinite
C) definite; indefinite
D) indefinite; definite

Question 6

Nitrogen gas has a(n) ________ volume and a(n) ________ shape.

A) definite; definite
B) indefinite; definite
C) definite; indefinite
D) indefinite; indefinite

Question 7

Which of the following statements does not describe a physical property?

A) Sparks are created when sodium metal is added to water.
B) A strip of magnesium metal weighs 7.49 grams.
C) Snow forms in the clouds via deposition.
D) Mercury is a liquid at room temperature.

Question 8

A solid substance is subjected to a number of tests and observations. Which of the following test results would not be classified as a physical property of the substance?

A) It reacts with base to form water.
B) Its density is 1.84 g/mL.
C) It tastes sour.
D) It is a white-colored solid.

Question 9

In which of the following pairs are both chemical properties?

A) has metallic luster, soluble in ammonia
B) flammable, reacts with acid
C) green in color, reacts violently with water
D) has a high density, is very brittle

Question 10

Which of the following is a chemical change?

A) rusting of iron
B) dissolving salt in water
C) evaporation of gasoline
D) cutting a copper wire into two pieces

Question 11

Which of the following is a chemical property?

A) condensation
B) mass
C) solubility
D) burning

Question 12

When a substance undergoes a chemical change it is always true that ________.

A) it condenses
B) it changes state
C) new substances are formed
D) heat is absorbed

Question 13

Which of the following is not a chemical change?

A) frying an egg
B) rusting of iron
C) slicing a ham
D) burning a candle

Question 14

Which of the following represents a physical change in matter?

A) A substance melts when heated.
B) A substance gives off a gas when heated.
C) A substance burns when heated.
D) A substance remains unchanged as it is heated.

Question 15

Which of the following is a chemical change?

A) distilling ocean water
B) making tea from a tea bag
C) rusting of iron
D) melting of snow

Question 16

Which of the following is a physical change?

A) burning coal
B) synthesis of methane from carbon and hydrogen
C) smoking a cigarette
D) filtering muddy water

Question 17

The condensation of steam is an example of a ________.

A) change of state
B) extensive property
C) sublimation
D) chemical change

Question 18

Which response includes all of the following that involve chemical changes and no physical changes?
I. burning charcoal
II. melting of gold
III. fermentation of grapes
IV. burning of natural gas
V. melting of ice

A) II and V
B) I and IV
C) I, II, and III
D) I, III, and IV

Question 19

As two liquid solutions are added together, a yellow solid forms. This change is most likely:

A) a physical change
B) a chemical change
C) neither
D) both

Question 20

Which response contains all of the following that are physical changes and no chemical changes?
I. Candle wax melts.
II. Skin turns yellow when it comes in contact with nitric acid.
III. Milk curdles.
IV. Ice floats on water.
V. Windows fog when the temperature drops rapidly.

A) II and IV
B) I, III, and V
C) II and III
D) I, IV, and V

Question 21

Which answer includes all of the following that are chemical changes, and no physical changes?
I. The cutting of an iron bar into smaller pieces.
II. The solidification of mercury by cooling.
III. The dropping of iron into hydrochloric acid, producing hydrogen gas.
IV. The mixing of water and drinking alcohol.
V. The fermentation of grape juice.

A) II, III, IV, and V
B) III and V
C) I, III, and IV
D) I and IV

Question 22

Which of these is an intensive property?

A) temperature
B) mass
C) length
D) volume

Question 23

Which of these is an extensive property?

A) density
B) color
C) mass
D) melting point

Question 24

Which of the following is not a pure substance?

A) blood
B) calcium
C) sodium bicarbonate
D) distilled water

Question 25

A liter sample of oxygen has been purified. Which of the following characteristics will not apply to the oxygen sample?

A) Only oxygen is present in the sample.
B) The sample can be separated into two parts by physical means.
C) All molecules in the sample will be composed of two atoms, (O₂).
D) At 25 °C and 1 atm pressure, all portions of the sample will have the same properties.

Question 26

Which of the following can be classified as a mixture and not as a pure substance?
I. oxygen
II. antifreeze
III. distilled water
IV. human blood
V. brass alloy

A) II and V
B) II and III
C) I only
D) II, IV, and V

Question 27

The description "three substances present, two phases present" is correct for ________.

A) heterogeneous mixtures
B) homogeneous mixtures
C) elements
D) compounds

Question 28

Which is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

A) chocolate chip cookie
B) a rock collection
C) glucose solution
D) oil & vinegar salad dressing

Question 29

A pure substance has been isolated in the laboratory. Based on the two characteristics below, how can the substance be classified?
I. The species cannot be separated by physical means.
II. The species can be separated by chemical means.

A) an element
B) a compound
C) a homogeneous mixture
D) a heterogeneous mixture

Question 30

Which statement is false?

A) Different mixtures of the same two substances must have the same composition.
B) A mixture of sea sand and table salt is an example of a heterogeneous mixture.
C) An example of a homogeneous mixture is one prepared by mixing drinking alcohol and water.
D) A compound is a substance that can be decomposed into two or more simpler substances by chemical means.

Question 31

Which of the following substances is a heterogeneous mixture?

A) sodium
B) baking soda
C) dextrose (a sugar) dissolved in water
D) salt and pepper in a glass

Question 32

Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?

A) ice and water
B) tap water
C) pure water
D) gasoline

Question 33

Which of the following type of matter/classification of matter pairs is incorrectly matched?

A) Type of matter: pure gold
Classification of matter: element
B) Type of matter: concrete
Classification of matter: homogeneous mixture
C) Type of matter: fruitcake
Classification of matter: heterogeneous mixture
D) Type of matter: saline solution
Classification of matter: homogeneous mixture

Question 34

Choose the incorrect response concerning the substances listed below.
I. iron
II. neon
III. iodized table salt
IV. cola
V. steam

A) III can be decomposed by chemical means.
B) III and IV represent mixtures.
C) I and II represent elements.
D) I, II, III, IV and V represent pure substances.

Question 35

If a tablespoon of table salt is mixed with a tablespoon of water, the resulting solution can be classified as a ________.

A) homogeneous mixture
B) pure substance
C) homogeneous pure substance
D) heterogeneous mixture

Question 36

Which of the following is a compound?

A) copper
B) magnesium
C) copper (II) oxide
D) iron

Question 37

A pure substance A is found to change upon heating into two new pure substances, B and C. C can be decomposed by chemical means, B cannot be decomposed by chemical means. From this we may conclude that ________.

A) A is an element, B and C are compounds
B) A is a compound, B and C are elements
C) A, B and C are all elements
D) A and C are compounds, B is an element

Question 38

Which of the following statements about compounds and mixtures is correct?

A) Since two or more simpler substances can be obtained from a compound, all compounds are mixtures.
B) Compounds cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
C) Mixtures retain the properties of their individual components.
D) Compounds always have properties that are identical to those of the elements used to produce them.

Question 39

A pure substance A is found to change upon heating into two new, pure substances, B and C.
A $\rightarrow$ B + C
Neither B nor C can be decomposed by chemical means. From this we may conclude that ________.

A) A is an element, B and C are compounds
B) B is a compound, A and C are elements
C) B and C are elements, A is a compound
D) A, B, and C are all compounds

Question 40

In which of the following time periods was the greatest number of elements discovered?

A) ancient - 1700
B) 1701 - 1800
C) 1801 - 1900
D) 1901 - present

Question 41

Which of the following statements concerning the known elements is true?

A) 88 of the elements are naturally occurring.
B) No new elements have been identified within the last twenty years.
C) 104 elements are known at present.
D) Scientists "suspect" that there are more naturally occurring elements to be discovered.

Question 42

The most abundant elements in the universe are ________.

A) oxygen and iron
B) hydrogen and helium
C) helium and carbon
D) hydrogen and oxygen

Question 43

The most abundant elements in the Earth's crust are ________.

A) oxygen and silicon
B) oxygen and carbon
C) hydrogen and helium
D) hydrogen and oxygen

Question 44

In which of the following sequences of elements do each of the elements have a one-letter symbol?

A) sulfur, vanadium, cobalt
B) chlorine, iron, lithium
C) nickel, yttrium, potassium
D) hydrogen, fluorine, phosphorous

Question 45

In which of the following sequences of elements do each of the elements have a two-letter symbol?

A) sodium, lithium, iodine
B) potassium, fluorine, carbon
C) tin, hydrogen, iodine
D) silicon, chlorine, chromium

Question 46

In which of the following sequences of elements do each of the elements have a symbol which starts with a letter not the first letter of the element's English name?

A) silver, gold, mercury
B) copper, helium, neon
C) cobalt, chromium, sodium
D) argon, iron, lead

Question 47

Which statement is true about elements?

A) Elements have similar symbols and names.
B) Element names are derived either from geographical names or from the plants.
C) The first letter of any chemical symbol is capitalized.
D) The elements whose symbols are derived from non-English names are the recently found elements.

Question 48

In which pair does the symbol not match the name of the element?

A) nitrogen - N
B) iron - Fe
C) strontium - Sr
D) arsenic - Ar

Question 49

In which pair does the symbol match the element name?

A) strontium - St
B) chlorine - Cl
C) gallium - Gl
D) tungsten - Th

Question 50

How many of the following pairs of elements and symbols are entirely correct?
Silver, Si   Manganese, Mg   Copper, Co   Potassium, P

A) none
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3

Question 51

How many total atoms are contained in the following formula: KAl(SO₄)₂ ?

A) 4
B) 12
C) 10
D) 7

Question 52

Indicate whether each of the following statements represents a chemical change, a physical change, or no change occurred.
-Sodium metal is cut with a knife. ____________________

Question 53

Indicate whether each of the following statements represents a chemical change, a physical change, or no change occurred.
-Hydrochloric acid was added to baking sodaresulting in the evolution of carbon dioxide gas. ____________________

Question 54

Indicate whether each of the following statements represents a chemical change, a physical change, or no change occurred.
-A red piece of copper wire is added to a beakercontaining hydrochloric acid (a clear, colorless solution).After an hour a red wire is observed in a clear,colorless solution. ____________________

Question 55

Indicate whether each of the following statements represents a chemical change, a physical change, or no change occurred.
-A chunk of cheddar cheese is grated. ____________________

Question 56

Indicate whether each of the following statements represents a chemical change, a physical change, or no change occurred.
-Candle wax is melted. ____________________

Question 57

Indicate whether each of the following statements represents a chemical change, a physical change, or no change occurred.
-Candle wax is burned. ____________________

Question 58

What is the difference between an extensive and an intensive property? Give one example of each.

Question 59

For each characterization of matter, choose the appropriate classification from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- 2 substances present, 3 phases present

A) heterogeneous mixture
B) homogeneous mixture
C) compound
D) element

Question 60

For each characterization of matter, choose the appropriate classification from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- 2 substances present, 2 phases present

A) heterogeneous mixture
B) homogeneous mixture
C) compound
D) element

Question 61

For each characterization of matter, choose the appropriate classification from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- 2 substances present, 1 phase present

A) heterogeneous mixture
B) homogeneous mixture
C) compound
D) element

Question 62

For each characterization of matter, choose the appropriate classification from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- 1 substance present, 2 phases present, substance cannot be decomposed by chemical means

A) heterogeneous mixture
B) homogeneous mixture
C) compound
D) element

Question 63

For each characterization of matter, choose the appropriate classification from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- 1 substance present, 1 phase present, substance can be decomposed by chemical means

A) heterogeneous mixture
B) homogeneous mixture
C) compound
D) element

Question 64

For each characterization of matter, choose the appropriate classification from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- 1 substance present, 1 phase present, substance cannot be decomposed by chemical means

A) heterogeneous mixture
B) homogeneous mixture
C) compound
D) element

Question 65

Indicate whether the following descriptions of matter represents an

-One substance present, one phase present, substancecannot be decomposed by chemical means. ____________________

A) element
B) mixture
C) compound

Question 66

Indicate whether the following descriptions of matter represents an

-Two substances present, two phases present. ____________________

A) element
B) mixture
C) compound

Question 67

Indicate whether the following descriptions of matter represents an

-One substance present, two elements present. ____________________

A) element
B) mixture
C) compound

Question 68

Indicate whether the following descriptions of matter represents an

-Two elements present, composition is variable. ____________________

A) element
B) mixture
C) compound

Question 69

The schematic below illustrates the breakdown of a compound via chemical means. Identify the products (as elements or compounds) formed at the end of chemical means 1 and the products formed at the end of chemical means 2.

Question 70

For each set of elements choose the appropriate characterization of the set's elemental symbols from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- neon, lithium, scandium

A) all symbols have one letter
B) all symbols have two letters
C) all symbols start with the same letter
D) all symbols start with a letter not the first letter of the element's English name

Question 71

For each set of elements choose the appropriate characterization of the set's elemental symbols from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- iron, tungsten, potassium

A) all symbols have one letter
B) all symbols have two letters
C) all symbols start with the same letter
D) all symbols start with a letter not the first letter of the element's English name

Question 72

For each set of elements choose the appropriate characterization of the set's elemental symbols from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- oxygen, fluorine, tungsten

A) all symbols have one letter
B) all symbols have two letters
C) all symbols start with the same letter
D) all symbols start with a letter not the first letter of the element's English name

Question 73

For each set of elements choose the appropriate characterization of the set's elemental symbols from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- cesium, chlorine, copper

A) all symbols have one letter
B) all symbols have two letters
C) all symbols start with the same letter
D) all symbols start with a letter not the first letter of the element's English name

Question 74

For each set of elements choose the appropriate characterization of the set's elemental symbols from the response list. Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.

- gold, silver, arsenic

A) all symbols have one letter
B) all symbols have two letters
C) all symbols start with the same letter
D) all symbols start with a letter not the first letter of the element's English name

Question 75

Fill in the missing chemical symbol or element name for each of the following pairs.
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