Deck 5: Anxiety Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders

Question 1

The essential feature of a panic disorder is ______.

A) well-defined phobic reactions to specific stimuli
B) occurrences of repeated, unexpected panic attacks
C) constant worry without a known cause
D) behavior dominated by rituals performed in order to avoid anxiety

Answer 1

occurrences of repeated, unexpected panic attacks

Question 2

According to the textbook, anxiety is characterized by a wide range of symptoms that cut across ? ______________domains.

A) physical, behavioral, and cognitive
B) developmental, psychosocial, and emotional
C) physical, behavioral, and mental
D) sociocultural, developmental, and cognitive

Answer 2

physical, behavioral, and cognitive

Question 3

A severe anxiety reaction approaching sheer terror is called a(n) ______.

A) nervous breakdown
B) acute stressor
C) panic attack
D) fit of fright

Answer 3

panic attack

Question 4

Anxiety disorders affect ___________ adults in the United States.

A) One in ten
B) One in fifty
C) One in twenty
D) One in five

Question 5

A generalized state of apprehension or foreboding is called ______.

A) tension
B) stress
C) anxiety
D) arousal

Question 6

A class of psychological disorders characterized by excessive or maladaptive anxiety reactions is ______ disorders.

A) somatoform
B) anxiety
C) dissociative
D) personality

Question 7

Dick has episodes of sheer terror when riding on subway trains. He breaks into a cold sweat and often feels like he is having a heart attack. During these attacks he imagines that he is
Completely losing control of himself. Dick's disorder is best described as a ______ disorder.

A) panic
B) obsessive-compulsive
C) generalized anxiety
D) posttraumatic stress

Question 8

The term "neurosis" was coined by ______.

A) Sigmund Freud
B) Anton Mesmer
C) William Cullen
D) Emil Kraepelin

Question 9

Freud's assumptions about neuroses formed the basis of ______ edition(s) of the DSM.

A) the first
B) the first two
C) the first three
D) all five

Question 10

Every time David enters an airport terminal, he feels lightheaded. His heart races and his stomach? hurts. If David has an anxiety disorder, his symptoms would be classified in the _______domain of anxiety.

A) behavioral
B) cognitive
C) physical
D) emotional

Question 11

Which of the following disorders was classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-IV but has moved to a new diagnostic category in the DSM-5?

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) panic disorder
C) agoraphobia
D) social phobia

Question 12

The term representing disorders that involve loss of touch with reality and are typified by bizarre behaviors, hallucinations, and beliefs, and are generally severe in nature is ______.

A) neurosis
B) psychosis
C) organic disorder
D) mania

Question 13

Freud's psychodynamic view was that ______ resulted from the threatened emergence of unacceptable, anxiety-evoking ideas into conscious awareness.

A) neurosis
B) psychosis
C) mania
D) personality disorders

Question 14

Robin worries constantly, has a nagging sense of dread or apprehension about the future, and is ? keenly aware of and preoccupied with her body's sensations. Which domain of anxiety do Robin's ? symptoms represent?

A) psychosocial
B) cognitive
C) behavioral
D) emotional

Question 15

In the DSM-5, acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder are classified as ______.

A) Trauma- and Stressor-related Disorders.
B) Neurotic Disorders
C) Anxiety Disorders
D) Dissociative Disorders

Question 16

The term ______ derives from roots meaning "an abnormal or diseased condition of the nervous system."

A) anxiety
B) neurosis
C) psychosis
D) mania

Question 17

For Freud, neurotic disorders represented ways the ego attempts to defend itself against ______.

A) psychosis
B) depression
C) anxiety
D) confusion

Question 18

Maris is plagued by a constant sense of dread and apprehension about the future. His thinking is jumbled, confused and he has difficulty concentrating. Physically, he is jittery,
Agitated, and constantly feels nauseated. He is so worried about his own bodily sensations
And the fear that he is "losing control," that he has difficulty focusing on anything else. His
Symptoms are most suggestive of ______.

A) a dissociative disorder
B) a psychotic disorder
C) an anxiety disorder
D) a personality disorder

Question 19

A neurosis was originally seen as an affliction of the ______.

A) nervous system
B) muscular system
C) spirit or soul
D) heart

Question 20

Bert is standing in a shopping mall when he begins having difficulty breathing. He feels his heart pounding, feels weak and dizzy, and notices that he is perspiring heavily. He feels like
He might be having a heart attack. At the very least, he senses he is losing control and is afraid
That if he's not having a heart attack, he is going "crazy." Assuming that Bert is not having
An actual heart attack, he is most likely suffering from ______.

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) a social phobia
C) a panic attack
D) acute stress disorder

Question 21

There is a stronger bodily component in the symptoms of _________ than to the symptoms of other forms of anxiety disorders.

A) panic disorder
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) social phobia
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 22

Panic disorder is often associated with ______.

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) dissociative fugue
C) agoraphobia
D) claustrophobia

Question 23

A(n) ______ may involve feeling light-headed, trembling, chest pains, and feeling a sense of unreality about one's surroundings.

A) panic attack
B) psychotic disorder
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) generalized anxiety attack

Question 24

One reason panic attacks can be so frightening is that they often mimic the symptoms of ______.

A) heart attacks
B) epileptic seizures
C) strokes
D) meningitis

Question 25

During a panic attack, the adrenal glands ______.

A) shut down
B) release only epinephrine
C) release only norepinephrine
D) release both epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 26

People with panic disorder misattribute changes in ______ to dire underlying causes.

A) their environmental surroundings
B) temperature
C) mood
D) internal bodily sensations

Question 27

Panic attacks usually reach a peak of intensity in about ______.

A) 1 minute or less
B) 10 to 15 minutes
C) 30 minutes or less
D) an hour or more

Question 28

During a panic attack, epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by ______.

A) the parasympathetic nervous system
B) cortisol
C) the adrenal glands
D) GABA

Question 29

About ______ percent of otherwise healthy people may experience an isolated panic attack in a given year.

A) 10
B) 30
C) 50
D) 70

Question 30

A person who has repeated and unexpected episodes of being afraid he or she is losing control or going crazy most likely suffers from ______.

A) a generalized anxiety disorder
B) a panic disorder
C) agoraphobia
D) schizophrenia

Question 31

Which symptom is characteristic of a panic attack?

A) paranoia
B) heavy perspiration
C) uncontrollable crying
D) auditory hallucinations

Question 32

The onset of panic disorder is usually in one's ______.

A) early or late childhood
B) late childhood or early adolescence
C) late adolescence through mid-30s
D) forties and fifties

Question 33

Because of the symptoms of panic attacks, it would be warranted for people with panic disorder to seek ______.

A) physical therapy
B) more exercise
C) financial advice
D) a medical evaluation

Question 34

Stephanie is driving in her car and singing along with the radio. She is feeling happy when suddenly she begins to tremble and sweat, then her heart starts pounding and she feels
Nauseous. Most likely, Stephanie ______.

A) has agoraphobia
B) has generalized anxiety disorder
C) is experiencing a panic attack.
D) is having a heart attack

Question 35

Panic attack sufferers tend to be keenly aware of their ______.

A) surroundings
B) physical weakness
C) head pain and dizziness
D) changes in heart rate

Question 36

Women are ______ as likely as men to experience panic attacks.

A) half
B) equally
C) twice
D) ten times

Question 37

Which of the following is true of panic attacks?

A) They can last for up to a few hours.
B) They are often accompanied by visual hallucinations.
C) They are always preceded by an awareness of symptoms.
D) They are initially triggered by a specific object or situation.

Question 38

About ______ percent of Americans develop a panic disorder at some point their lives.

A) 5
B) 25
C) 45
D) 65

Question 39

An excessive, irrational fear of being in public without the availability of escape or help is ______.

A) acrophobia
B) agoraphobia
C) claustrophobia
D) panic disorder

Question 40

In order to be diagnosed with panic disorder in the DSM system, panic sufferers must experience repeated unexpected attacks and at least ______ of the attacks must be followed by
At least a month of persistent fear of future attacks or of the consequences of an attack.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 41

The prevailing understanding of the causes of panic disorder reflects a combination of _____________________.

A) biochemical and anatomical brain anomalies
B) cognitive and biological factors
C) cognitive and emotional factors
D) repressed psychological material and social prohibitions

Question 42

The most popular treatments for panic disorder are drug therapy and ______ therapy.

A) psychodynamic
B) relationship
C) cognitive-behavioral
D) desensitization

Question 43

In some treatment programs, people with panic disorder are encouraged to______________ in order to ? learn how to cope with the panic.

A) intentionally induce panicky symptoms
B) carry a paper breathing bag with them at all times
C) develop quiet, calming hobbies such as painting
D) join support groups

Question 44

The lowest levels of anxiety sensitivity have been found in ______ students.

A) Alaskan native
B) Asian
C) American Indian
D) Caucasian

Question 45

When compared to Asian and Hispanic students, Caucasian students show ______ levels of anxiety sensitivity and the anxiety sensitivity was ______ strongly connected to panic
Attacks.

A) lower, less
B) higher, less
C) lower, more
D) higher, more

Question 46

The word phobia derives from the Greek word "phobos," meaning ______.

A) caution
B) avoidance
C) fear
D) distance

Question 47

Which of the following represents a significant limitation of drug treatment for panic disorder?

A) Patients may attribute clinical improvement to the drugs and not to ? their own resources.
B) Drugs interfere with administering quick, effective treatment by masking symptoms of more severe psychological disorders that, on the surface, resemble panic disorder.
C) The types of drugs that are used to treat panic disorder all have potential for addiction.
D) These drugs may cause tardive dyskinesia as a serious side effect.

Question 48

Troublesome side effects have been noted in panic disordered clients taking antidepressant medications?such as clomipramine (Anafranil) and the SSRIs paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). These side effects include____________.

A) tardive dyskinesia
B) heavy sweating and heart palpitations
C) weight gain
D) spikes in blood pressure

Question 49

Exposing panic-prone people to the sensations that precede panic attacks to help them build up a tolerance to the sensations and to teach them that the sensations do not necessarily signal an
Oncoming attack is a technique most likely to be used by a ______ therapist.

A) cognitive-behavioral
B) social learning
C) psychodynamic
D) humanistic

Question 50

People with panic disorder show abnormally low levels of ______ in some parts of the brain.

A) epinephrine
B) norepinephrine
C) ACTH
D) GABA

Question 51

The cognitive proneness to panic disorders has been labeled ______.

A) chronic vigilance
B) anxiety sensitivity
C) neurotic thought pattern
D) uncontrolled worry

Question 52

Donald Klein has proposed that a defect in the brain's ______ may be an important basis for panic reactions.

A) speed of reaction to visual and auditory stimuli
B) memory for past traumas
C) respiratory alarm system
D) hippocampus

Question 53

Clients with panic disorder are often advised to breathe into a paper bag in order to reduce symptoms. The? use of the bag_____________.

A) is helpful for clients who become nauseated
B) allows the client to focus on something other than panic symptoms
C) traps carbon dioxide in the bag which may induce calm by restoring a more optimal balance between oxygen and carbon dioxide.
D) controls the amount of oxygen available to the client and creates a situation much like passing out

Question 54

________________is a technique used with persons with panic disorder that aims at restoring a normal ? level of carbon dioxide in the blood by having clients __________________.

A) Mindfulness training; breathe slowly through the nose
B) Transcendental meditation; visualize relaxing scenes with their eyes closed
C) Breathing retraining; breathe slowly and deeply from the abdomen
D) Guided breathing; breathe slowly and deeply from the abdomen

Question 55

Lindsay has a panic disorder. Along with psychotherapy, she is likely to be prescribed ______ medication.

A) antipsychotic
B) antidepressant
C) mood stabilizer
D) antihistamine

Question 56

______ is a neurotransmitter which helps tone down the stress response.

A) GABA
B) Cortisol
C) Norepinephrine
D) Epinephrine

Question 57

Nancy is terrified of heights. She avoids high places whenever possible because she experiences overwhelming fear when she is in such an environment. Nancy never has this problem in any other situation and does not worry about it until she is forced to go to a high place. She is best diagnosed as having a(n) ______ disorder.

A) panic
B) phobic
C) generalized anxiety
D) obsessive-compulsive

Question 58

With your new knowledge of abnormal psychology, your roommate, who has a panic disorder, asks you about which medications are used to treat panic disorder. She mentions four
Medications; which one is used to treat panic disorder?

A) Straterra
B) Paxil
C) Seroquel
D) Tegretol

Question 59

Persistent fears of objects or situations that are disproportionate to the threat posed by them are the central feature of a(n) ______ disorder.

A) panic
B) phobic
C) generalized anxiety
D) obsessive-compulsive

Question 60

A class of medications which enhances GABA's calming effect are ______.

A) phenothiazines
B) benzodiazepines
C) neuroleptics
D) hallucinogenics

Question 61

Which of the following statements is true of phobias?

A) They usually involve fears of out-of -the-ordinary things.
B) Phobic individuals do not usually recognize that their fears are excessive or unreasonable.
C) Different types of phobias usually appear at different ages.
D) Phobic individuals experience fear typical proportional to the actual threat posed ? by what they fear.

Question 62

Most phobias involve fears of ______.

A) unusual objects
B) unusual situations
C) legitimately dangerous situations
D) ordinary events

Question 63

Diane is so afraid that her potential dates will reject her after she goes out with them, that she refuses to go out on any dates at all. This is a type of ______.

A) specific anxiety
B) social anxiety
C) complex phobia
D) interpersonal anxiety disorder

Question 64

Specific phobias affect about ________ people at some point in their lives.

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 9%
D) 15%

Question 65

Ebony has an excessive, unrealistic fear of heights. Her phobia is called ______.

A) claustrophobia
B) hydrophobia
C) acrophobia
D) agoraphobia

Question 66

Brian suffers from speech anxiety. This is a type of ______.

A) specific anxiety
B) social anxiety
C) generalized anxiety
D) agoraphobia

Question 67

Persistent, excessive fears of certain objects or situations are called ______.

A) specific phobias
B) social phobias
C) complex phobias
D) agoraphobia

Question 68

The specific phobia with the latest average age of onset is ______.

A) dental phobia
B) claustrophobia
C) blood phobia
D) animal phobia

Question 69

Mel has an excessive, unrealistic fear of tight, enclosed spaces. His phobia is ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) acrophobia
C) claustrophobia
D) hydrophobia

Question 70

Which of the following phobias tends to develop during childhood?

A) agoraphobia
B) claustrophobia
C) animal phobia
D) social phobia

Question 71

Which of the following phobias tends to develop at the oldest age?

A) agoraphobia
B) claustrophobia
C) animal phobia
D) social phobia

Question 72

Phobias are typically accompanied by ______ behaviors.

A) antisocial
B) aggressive
C) autistic
D) avoidance

Question 73

National representative surveys suggest that ______ of US adults are affected by social anxiety disorder at some point in their lives.

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 15%

Question 74

Agoraphobia often follows the development of panic attacks beginning in_________.

A) middle age
B) adulthood
C) early childhood
D) adolescence

Question 75

Marcy has a persistent fear that she is going to publicly embarrass or humiliate herself with some unintended behavioral mistake. She is overly critical of her own behavior, fears criticism
By others, and experiences overarousal in interactions with others. She is best diagnosed as
Having ______.

A) a specific phobia
B) a social phobia
C) a complex phobia
D) agoraphobia

Question 76

Tony has an excessive, unrealistic fear of snakes. His phobia is ______.

A) a specific phobia
B) a social phobia
C) a complex phobia
D) agoraphobia

Question 77

Marcia always feels as if a thousand eyes are watching every move she makes, just waiting to find a flaw. She is preoccupied with the impression she makes on others and usually assumes
She has made a negative one. As a result, she often avoids situations in which she will have to
Deal with large numbers of people. She is best described as having ______.

A) a specific phobia
B) social anxiety disorder
C) a complex phobia
D) agoraphobia

Question 78

Intense, unrealistic fears of being judged negatively by others when in public situations are called ______.

A) specific phobias
B) social phobias
C) complex phobias
D) agoraphobia

Question 79

People with social anxiety often try to "medicate" themselves with________ when preparing for social interactions.

A) marijuana
B) tranquilizers or alcohol
C) benzodiazepines and coffee
D) opioids or central nervous system depressants

Question 80

People with _______________ anxiety disorder have such an intense fear of social situations that they may avoid them altogether or endure them only with great distress.

A) generalized
B) social
C) interpersonal
D) phobic