Deck 8: Courts and the Quest for Justice

Question 1

Courts that review decisions made by lower courts are called:

A) trial courts
B) county courts
C) district courts
D) appellate courts

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which U.S. Supreme Court case established every American's right to be represented by counsel in a criminal trial:

A) Miranda v. Arizona
B) Gideon v. Wainwright
C) Furman v. Georgia
D) Gregg v. Georgia

Answer 2

B

Question 3

"Jurisdiction" literally means:

A) "to speak the law"
B) "to abide by the law"
C) "to write the law"
D) "to decide the law"

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The legitimacy of the courts in the United States is based on two factors, impartiality and __________.

A) independence
B) jurisdiction
C) politics
D) statutes

Question 5

Which of the four functions of the courts emphasizes punishment and retribution-criminals must suffer for the harm done to society, and it is the courts' responsibility to see that they do so.

A) due process function
B) crime control function
C) rehabilitation function
D) bureaucratic function

Question 6

Which courts have jurisdiction over cases that include drug trafficking, kidnapping, bankrobbery, and illegal gambling?

A) municipal courts
B) county courts
C) district courts
D) federal courts

Question 7

Courts of original jurisdiction are also called:

A) trial courts
B) constitutional courts
C) magistrate courts
D) appellate courts

Question 8

A special court that handles wills, administration of estates, and guardianship of minors and incompetents is called:

A) municipal court
B) probate court
C) family court
D) fiscal court

Question 9

Which of the following would be considered the lowest tier of the federal court system?

A) County Court
B) State Supreme Court
C) U.S. District Court
D) U.S. Court of Appeal

Question 10

A(n) __________ is a statement by a judge, expressing the reasons for the court's
Decision in a case.

A) jurisdiction
B) dissent
C) opinion
D) docket

Question 11

Which of the following is one of the limitations of the jurisdiction of a court?

A) courtroom workgroup
B) subject matter
C) courtroom workspace
D) funding for public defenders

Question 12

The power of the U.S. Supreme Court to determine whether a law or action by the other branches of the government is constitutional is called:

A) writ of certiorari
B) habeus corpus
C) rule of four
D) judicial review

Question 13

The method of selecting judges that combines appointment and election is called the:

A) Alabama Plan
B) Missouri Plan
C) Minnesota Plan
D) Nebraska Plan

Question 14

For the most part, criminal jurisdiction is determined by __________.

A) judges
B) grand juries
C) prosecutors
D) legislation

Question 15

Elections in which candidates are presented on the ballot with their party affiliation are called:

A) partisan elections
B) nonpartisan elections
C) affiliated elections
D) unaffiliated elections

Question 16

Which of the four functions of the courts is to protect individuals from the unfair advantages that the government-with its immense resources- automatically enjoys in legal battles?

A) due process function
B) crime control function
C) rehabilitation function
D) bureaucratic function

Question 17

Before any court can hear a case, it must have __________ over the persons involved in the case or its subject matter.

A) concurrent jurisdiction
B) jurisdiction
C) adjudication
D) legitimacy

Question 18

Courts in which most cases usually begin and in which questions of fact are examined are called:

A) trial courts
B) county courts
C) district courts
D) appellate courts

Question 19

Domestic courts hear which of the following types of cases?

A) crimes that involve the illegal use of firearms
B) crimes committed by minors
C) crimes of domestic violence, such as child and spousal abuse
D) crimes involving the special needs of the elderly victims

Question 20

The rehabilitation function of the court is based of which of the following models?

A) due process model
B) crime control model
C) medical model
D) psychological model

Question 21

The individual who records any depositions, or pretrial question-and-answer sessions in which a party or a witness answers an attorney's questions under oath is called a __________.

A) bailiff
B) clerk of the court
C) court reporter
D) prosecutor

Question 22

When an appellate court sends a back to the court of original jurisdiction for a new trial it
means that case has been __________.

Question 23

The Missouri Plan is a method of selecting judges that combines appointment and election.

Question 24

The process by which one jurisdiction surrenders a person accused or convicted of violating another jurisdiction's criminal law to the second jurisdiction is called __________.

Question 25

The premise of the courtroom workgroups is based on the constant interaction between
the members.

Question 26

The __________ function of courts see criminals as analogous to patients, and the courts perform the role of physicians who dispense "treatment."

Question 27

A "laissez-faire" judge follows procedure and restricts the freedom of attorneys to deviate from regulations.

Question 28

A request from a higher court asking a lower court for the record of a case is called a ?__________.

Question 29

An appellate court is a court in which most cases usually begin and in which questions of fact are examined.

Question 30

Concurrent jurisdiction is the situation that occurs when two or more courts have the authority to preside over the same criminal case.

Question 31

If a case is reversed and remanded it means it is sent to the U.S. Supreme Court for a new trial.

Question 32

The role of a judge during a court case is that of a:

A) mediator
B) bailiff
C) referee
D) prosecutor

Question 33

There are ___ U.S. Supreme Court justices.

A) 7
B) 9
C) 10
D) 12

Question 34

The calendar of cases in a court is called a(n):

A) agenda
B) trial schedule
C) court record
D) docket

Question 35

The __________ function of the courts is to protect individuals from the unfair advantages that the government-with its immense resources- automatically enjoys in legal battles.

Question 36

Which of the following people is a part of the courtroom workgroup?

A) defendants
B) bailiffs
C) witnesses
D) assessors

Question 37

More than 90 percent of the petitions for writs of certiorari to the U.S. Supreme Court are denied.

Question 38

Advocates of the bureaucratic function of courts distinguish between the court's
obligation to be fair to the accused and its obligation to be fair to society

Question 39

Specialty courts are lower courts that have jurisdiction over one specific area of criminal activity, such as illegal drugs or domestic violence.

Question 40

The judge is the dominant figure in the courtroom and therefore exerts the most influence over the values and norms of the work group.

Question 41

Explain the difference in jurisdiction between trial courts and appellate courts?

Question 42

Explain how a court case reaches the U.S. Supreme Court.

Question 43

Define the four different functions of the court according to your book.

Question 44

The __________ is responsible for maintaining security and order in the judge's chambers and the courtroom.

Question 45

A _______________ is an election in which candidates are presented on the ballot
without any party affiliation.

Question 46

The social organization consisting of the judge, prosecutor, defense attorney, and other court workers is called the __________.

Question 47

The __________ is a rule of the United States Supreme Court that the Court will not issue a writ of certiorari unless at least four justices approve of the decision to hear the case.

Question 48

Explain how the courtroom workgroup gets formed.

Question 49

Explain how the Missouri Plan of judicial selection occurs.

Question 50

Being in charge of the docket is an administrative responsibility of the __________.