Deck 2: Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors

Question 1

Which is not normally secreted in response to stress?

A) Norepinephrine
B) Cortisol
C) Epinephrine
D) Insulin

Answer 1

Insulin

Question 2

Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in

A) stress reduction.
B) permanent damage and death.
C) movement into the resistance stage.
D) exhaustion of the sympathetic nervous system.

Answer 2

permanent damage and death.

Question 3

Aldosterone may increase during stress, leading to

A) decreased urinary output.
B) increased blood potassium.
C) increased sodium retention.
D) increased blood volume.
E) decreased blood pressure.

Answer 3

decreased urinary output.
increased sodium retention.
increased blood volume.

Question 4

Events which occur during the alarm stage of the stress response include secretion of

A) catecholamines.
B) ACTH.
C) glucocorticoids.
D) immune cytokines.
E) TSH.

Question 5

Selye's three phases of the stress response include all the following except

A) allostasis.
B) resistance.
C) alarm.
D) exhaustion.

Question 6

Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system and are mediated by

A) norepinephrine.
B) cortisol.
C) glucagon.
D) ACTH.

Question 7

Chronic activation of stress hormones can lead to

A) cardiovascular disease.
B) depression.
C) impaired cognitive function.
D) autoimmune disease.
E) overactive immune function.

Question 8

All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose except

A) aldosterone.
B) cortisol.
C) norepinephrine.
D) epinephrine.

Question 9

Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include all the following except

A) tachycardia.
B) diaphoresis.
C) increased peripheral resistance.
D) pupil constriction.

Question 10

Allostasis is best defined as

A) steady state.
B) a state of equilibrium, of balance within the organism.
C) the process by which the body heals following disease.
D) the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being.

Question 11

The effect of stress on the immune system

A) is unknown.
B) has been demonstrated to be non-existent in studies.
C) most often involves enhancement of the immune system.
D) may involve enhancement or impairment the immune system.

Question 12

The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is

A) energy and repair.
B) invoke resting state.
C) produce exhaustion.
D) set a new baseline steady state.

Question 13

The effects of excessive cortisol production include

A) immune suppression.
B) hypoglycemia.
C) anorexia.
D) inflammatory reactions.