Deck 21: Confronting the Nursing Shortage

Question 1

The ability to continue the employment of qualified individuals, that is, nurses and/or other health care providers/associates who might otherwise leave the organization is called:

A) transfer.
B) selection.
C) turnover.
D) retention.

Answer 1

retention.

Question 2

The failure to retain an employee who is performing at or above a satisfactory level is:

A) selection.
B) transfer.
C) voluntary turnover.
D) termination.

Answer 2

voluntary turnover.

Question 3

A shortcoming that needs to be addressed related to the advertising of open nursing positions is:

A) inadequate use of Internet advertising.
B) insufficient funds allotted for advertising.
C) lack of follow-up with potential candidates.
D) short supply of advertising space in nursing journals.

Answer 3

lack of follow-up with potential candidates.

Question 4

According to McHugh et al. (2008), a major barrier to the recruitment of IENs has been related to:

A) limited visas.
B) language barriers.
C) cultural differences.
D) the inability of IENs to pass state board exams.

Question 5

The process of identifying applicants for potential employment is called:

A) selection.
B) retention.
C) recruitment.
D) human resources.

Question 6

The newest approach to orienting is referred to as:

A) selecting.
B) onboarding.
C) submersion.
D) precepting.

Question 7

To determine the presence of a nursing shortage, experts generally use indicators such as: (Select all that apply.)

A) retention.
B) vacancy rates.
C) staffing levels.
D) nursing salary.
E) employer reports.
F) forecasting models.
G) organizational budgets.

Question 8

An important factor in nurse retention is managerial leadership. Which leadership style has the greatest impact on nurse job satisfaction?

A) Democratic
B) Laissez-faire
C) Authoritarian
D) Transformational

Question 9

Marcy, the medical surgical unit manager, has promised her staff a pizza party if they reduce their patient fall rates by 10%. Which factor does Marcy consider when developing staff rewards?

A) Staff mix
B) Budget
C) Generational diversity
D) Unit culture

Question 10

The medical unit of the hospital conducts regular programs for nurses based on an annual staff survey. The recruitment and retention strategy is known as:

A) counseling and coaching.
B) orientation.
C) staff development.
D) performance evaluation.

Question 11

The United States recruits more internationally educated nurses (IENs) than any other country. The largest group of IENs in the United States is from:

A) India.
B) Canada.
C) Great Britain.
D) the Philippines.

Question 12

The total number of nurses who left a unit in 1 year divided by the total number of nurses employed on that unit is the _____ rate.

A) actualized
B) employable
C) turnover
D) vacancy

Question 13

Nursing jobs need to be developed that increase nurses' professional:

A) autonomy.
B) behavior.
C) culture.
D) salaries.

Question 14

A mechanism for giving feedback related to progress to employees new and experienced is called:

A) coaching.
B) mentoring.
C) counseling.
D) performance evaluation.

Question 15

The Institute of Medicine recommends increasing the proportion of nurses with a baccalaureate degree to _______ by 2020.

A) 40%
B) 80%
C) 60%
D) 50%

Question 16

A situation in which the demand for employment of nurses (how many nurses employers would like to employ) exceeds the available supply of nurses willing to be employed at a given salary is known as a nursing:

A) abundance.
B) deficit.
C) shortage.
D) surplus.

Question 17

An important predictor of job satisfaction with new graduates is:

A) culture.
B) compensation.
C) benefit package.
D) staffing adequacy.

Question 18

The future projected demand for nurses is related to the aging population and the increase in:

A) acute illnesses.
B) chronic illnesses.
C) medication costs.
D) primary prevention.

Question 19

Factors that affect supply include nursing education factors, work environment factors, and _____ factors.

A) demographic
B) geographic
C) socioeconomic
D) psychological

Question 20

The average age of the registered nurse (RN) population is _____ years.

A) 26
B) 36
C) 45
D) 56

Question 21

Using the targeted interview ensures that all candidates are interviewed based on the same criteria. The targeted selection process is built on: (Select all that apply)

A) organizational values.
B) analysis of work per job.
C) development of interview skills.
D) clear identification of competencies for key positions.
E) compliance with equal opportunity employer guidelines.

Question 22

Stacy has been asked by the corporate financial officer to report on the current organizational costs for nurse turnover. To determine the cost of nurse turnover, Stacy should review: (Select all that apply.)

A) vacancy costs.
B) accident rates.
C) competitor wages.
D) advertising expenses.
E) orientation and training.

Question 23

In the context of a nurse shortage, recruitment is a major human resources strategy. List the nine major processes or phases of recruitment in the appropriate order.

A) Selecting
B) Orienting
C) Screening
D) Advertising
E) Interviewing
F) Position posting
G) Staff development.
H) Counseling/coaching
I) Performance evaluation

Question 24

The impact of the recessionary decade on the nursing workforce included: (Select all that apply.)

A) nursing schools increasing their capacities.
B) more young people enrolling in nursing programs.
C) RNs delaying retirement or returning to work from retirement.
D) licensed RNs working in non-traditional nursing jobs returning to traditional nursing.
E) increasing the supply of nurses by motivating part-time RNs to work more hours or full time.

Question 25

Staff development has been identified in the literature as an important factor in job satisfaction. The areas of professional staff development defined in the Magnet studies include: (Select all that apply.)

A) orientation.
B) formal education.
C) in-service education.
D) career development.
E) continuing education.

Question 26

One of the findings of a study by Aiken and colleagues (2002) was that nurses with the highest nurse-to-patient ratios were more likely to describe feelings of: (Select all that apply.)

A) grief.
B) anger.
C) burnout.
D) job dissatisfaction.
E) emotional exhaustion.

Question 27

Authentic respect for others requiring time, presence, engagement, and intention to seek common ground is called _____.

Question 28

The nursing shortage cycles over the past few decades have been primarily driven by factors including which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Aging of current nurses and inability of hospitals to meet nursing salary demands
B) Younger nurses in the workforce and their preference for non-traditional nursing jobs
C) Significant changes in the health care delivery system as the nation moves into health care reform
D) Aging of the American population and struggles to expand capacity to meet demand for care
E) Lower numbers of students entering nursing as a career

Question 29

The new and enhanced recommendations in the IOM Future of Nursing report (2016) affect the nursing shortage by formally calling for: (Select all that apply.)

A) more competitive salaries.
B) increased workforce diversity.
C) reduction in retirement age.
D) maintaining current levels of nursing education.
E) improved workforce data collection.

Question 30

_____ is the process in which the application is reviewed before determining whether the nurse meets the preestablished criteria for the position.

Question 31

Inappropriate or illegal questions that should be avoided during the interview include which of the following examples? (Select all that apply.)

A) What are your goals for the future?
B) Do you plan on having any more children?
C) How do you feel about taking call on weekends?
D) How does your husband feel about you working?
E) Will going to church interfere with Sunday shifts?