Deck 13: Subcultures

Question 1

A component of a person's subculture is ________.

A) age
B) race
C) ethnic background
D) all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which statement about Asian Americans is True?

A) Asian Americans constitute the largest subculture in the United States.
B) Asian Americans are the best educated of any ethnic subculture in the United States.
C) Asian Americans have a common language that acts as a unifying cultural agent.
D) Asian American households are larger than most other ethnic households in America.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Japan is a very tightly knit culture with rich history and social identification. In this culture, people tend to infer meanings that go beyond the spoken word. This classifies Japan as a ________ culture.

A) high-context
B) low-context
C) progressive
D) paradigm

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which American ethnic subculture is the fastest growing?

A) Hispanic American
B) African American
C) Asian American
D) American Indian

Question 5

Peggy Simmons has a tough assignment. She is to live in Japan for the next five years and successfully introduce her company's line of cosmetics to Japanese women. Her company's management hopes that living in an average neighborhood, commuting to work every day, eating native food, and speaking Japanese will help Peggy involve herself in the society more quickly than if she stayed separate from her hosts. The company's management wants Peggy to use the ________ model.

A) life course paradigm
B) progressive learning
C) warming
D) consumer renaissance

Question 6

People and institutions that teach the ways of a culture are called ________.

A) progressive learning models
B) ethnography facilitators
C) host cultures
D) acculturation agents

Question 7

A subculture is a group whose members share beliefs and common experiences that set them apart from others.

Question 8

A ________ is defined as a group whose members share beliefs and common experiences that set them apart from others.

A) network
B) subculture
C) micro culture
D) cohort

Question 9

Immigrants to the United States who exhibit ________ tend to live and shop in places separated from mainstream Anglo consumers.

A) warming
B) adaptation
C) segregation
D) movement

Question 10

Through the process of ________, immigrants make the unfamiliar familiar by integrating symbols from their former lives into their new homes.

A) assimilation
B) maintenance
C) resistance
D) warming

Question 11

________ refers to the factors that motivate people to physically uproot themselves from one location to another.

A) Assimilation
B) Adaptation
C) Movement
D) Translation

Question 12

________ group members tend to be tightly knit, and they infer meaning that goes beyond the spoken word.

A) High-content culture
B) Low-content culture
C) Mid-content culture
D) Host culture

Question 13

In the process of ________, new immigrants adopt products, habits, and values they identify with the mainstream culture.

A) assimilation
B) maintenance
C) segregation
D) resistance

Question 14

Subcultures are defined in such a way that a person may belong to many subcultures at the same time. What in the definition allows any given person to belong to multiple groups, and what subcultures would apply to almost everyone?

Question 15

Manuel still remembers the impact of his first college class in the United States. As a new immigrant, he was sincere in his desire to learn about the American culture that he had chosen to adopt. His college professor taught Manuel many things about the American culture. In doing so, the professor was acting as a(n) ________.

A) cohort
B) acculturation agent
C) guidance agent
D) ethnographer

Question 16

Nearly 60% of the Hispanic American population are of ________ descent.

A) Cuban
B) Dominican
C) South American
D) Mexican

Question 17

Maria Gomez is thrilled to be in the United States. After spending her childhood years in Mexico, she is looking forward to the freedom given to teenage girls in the United States. "I can wear shorts, pantsuits, and even halter tops and no one will think badly of me," says Maria. Maria is in the process of ________.

A) maintenance
B) adaptation
C) resistance
D) segregation

Question 18

Which of the "Big Three" American subcultures makes up 13% of the population?

A) African American
B) Hispanic American
C) Asian American
D) Arab American

Question 19

The cultural learning acquired through ________ leads immigrants to a process of adaptation.

A) maintenance
B) translation
C) resistance
D) segregation

Question 20

The process whereby a product formerly associated with a specific ethnic group is detached from its roots and marketed to other subcultures is called ________.

A) warming
B) de-ethnicization
C) acculturation
D) de-culturization

Question 21

With respect to the acculturation process, what is the relationship between maintenance and segregation?

A) People who belong to the dominant culture attempt to maintain their cultural superiority by isolating the subculture values of new immigrants and physically segregating members of new subcultures into separate groups.
B) New immigrants often attempt to maintain their old cultural backgrounds be segregating themselves, living and shopping in physically separated areas from the main culture.
C) Members of a subculture who have been in a larger culture for a long period of time maintain their alliance to the new culture by segregating themselves from new immigrants.
D) The relationship is subtle. There is constant battle between new immigrants attempting to maintain their new identity and language and the dominant culture applying pressure to segregate new immigrants, thus separating them from the new culture.

Question 22

Culture or origin is considered one of the acculturation agents mentioned in the text.

Question 23

The Big Three American ethnic subcultures are African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Jewish Americans.

Question 24

The term "Asian" refers to 20 ethnic groups, the largest of which is Chinese.

Question 25

An ethnographer would be interested in studying the process of acculturation in an immigrant community.

Question 26

A church that serves 2000 or more congregants per week is called a ________.

A) mass church
B) megachurch
C) large church
D) mainstream church

Question 27

The first thing D'Andrea was asked when she went to work for an advertising firm is how to promote to African-Americans. After careful consideration, which of the following is the best advice D'Andrea could give her new employers?

A) Separate advertisements to this ethnic subculture are never done and should not be considered.
B) All promotions to this ethnic subculture should be distinct from promotions to other ethnic groups.
C) African American children tend to gravitate toward toys and characters that look like them.
D) All promotions to African-Americans have to take into account the market's income, which has been declining drastically over the last two decades.

Question 28

Low-content culture group members tend to be tightly knit, and they infer meanings that go beyond the spoken word.

Question 29

Acculturation agents may come from the culture of immigration, but not from the culture of origin.

Question 30

Explain the concept of de-ethnicization. Give an example.

Question 31

Asian Americans' median income is 28% higher than the U.S. average, and they are almost twice as likely to have graduated from college.

Question 32

Define a subculture.

Question 33

The fastest growing subculture in the United States today is the Hispanic American population.

Question 34

The process of movement and adaption to one country's cultural environment by a person from another country is called ________.

A) immigration
B) de-ethnicization
C) acculturation
D) progressive learning

Question 35

________ foods are permissible under the laws of Islam.

A) Kosher
B) Organic
C) Halal
D) Tudung

Question 36

Asian Americans as a whole tend to be an easy target to communicate with because of their cultural similarity to one another.

Question 37

Several processes and outcomes come into play as immigrants adapt to their new surroundings. List these processes and outcomes and create an example that demonstrates the linkage between them.

Question 38

Explain the difference between kosher food (Jewish) and Halal food (Muslim).

Question 39

Explain the difference between a high-context culture and a low-context culture.

Question 40

Green bagels and green beer on St. Patrick's Day are both examples of de-ethnicization.

Question 41

Mainstream marketers used to avoid religion topics; now they actively target church members.

Question 42

Alcoholics Anonymous and Weight Watchers follow the spiritual-therapeutic model.

Question 43

Most religion-oriented marketing activity in America can be traced to the ________ community.

A) Jewish
B) Baby Boomer
C) Muslim
D) born-again Christian

Question 44

A nuclear family consists of ________.

A) a mother and at least one child
B) a mother, a father, and at least one child
C) two generations of a family
D) three generations of a family

Question 45

The popularity of the movie The Passion of the Christ, the book The Da Vinci Code, and the musical The Book of Mormon are evidence of which of the following?

A) Megachurches provide marketing opportunities for niche marketers.
B) Religious themes can be effectively used by mainstream marketers.
C) Born again Christians are the primary religious market in the U.S.
D) Church leaders impact the consumption practices of their followers.

Question 46

Shannon Reeves and Tish Phillips remember their days as student protesters in the 1960s. Shannon remembers seeing Jim Hendrix at Woodstock and Tish remembers burning her bra in front of the central administration building at Yale. These memories about cultural heroes and events are one of the chief characteristics of an age ________.

A) paradigm
B) renaissance
C) cohort
D) perception

Question 47

Couples who are better educated on average and choose not to have children are considered DINKS.

Question 48

People born between 1946 and 1964 belong to ________.

A) Generation Y
B) The Baby Boomer Generation
C) Generation X
D) The Interbellum Generation

Question 49

The ________ Generation includes people who were born between the two World Wars.

A) Interbellum
B) War Baby
C) Baby Boomer
D) Silent

Question 50

Bill jokes that a nuclear family is one that is about ready to explode because having your grandmother living with you can cause a lot of disruptions. Although Bill's humor is questionable, his labeling of a family living with a grandparent as a nuclear family is correct.

Question 51

The lack of marketing information about religion is primarily due to ________.

A) the small number of people who are influenced in the marketplace by religious issues
B) the dollar value of the Christian market being very low
C) traditional bigotry toward religion
D) religion being somewhat of a taboo subject among researchers

Question 52

A mother, a father, and one or more children are considered an extended family.

Question 53

Explain why the Islamic market should be important to U.S. marketers.

Question 54

Jim Smith, Don Carson, and Jeff Sweeney are all 54 years old, so they can be sorted into ________.

A) an age cohort
B) subculture
C) Gen Z
D) nuclear family

Question 55

An age ________ consists of people of similar ages who have undergone similar experiences.

A) culture
B) paradigm
C) cohort
D) model

Question 56

An extended family unit is characterized by ________ living together.

A) one parent and at least one child
B) two parents and at least one child
C) two generations of a family
D) three generations of a family

Question 57

Who are "born-again Christians," and why are marketers interested in this group?

Question 58

Briefly explain how teens have been found to use ridicule to exchange information about consumption norms and values.

Question 59

Explain the term "Sandwich Generation."

Question 60

Explain the term "Boomerang Kids."

Question 61

The actual number of years a person has been alive is their ________ age.

A) perceived
B) chronological
C) confirmed
D) cohort

Question 62

Gen Y individuals are also included as ________.

A) Echo boomers
B) Millennials
C) Both A and B
D) Generation X

Question 63

Age cohorts share similar problems because they are more genetically similar than are people from other types of cohorts.

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic conflicts common to all teens?

A) Autonomy vs. belonging
B) Rebellion vs. conformity
C) Narcissism vs. conformity
D) Idealism vs. activism

Question 65

List and explain the 7 age cohorts.

Question 66

One of the goals of marketing to Gen Yers has been to allow them to remain free of the restraints of wires and cords, but still have media available at any time. The lifestyle created by this approach is referred to as ________.

A) identity renaissance
B) cosplay
C) distinct-styling
D) connexity

Question 67

People born between World War I and World War II belong to the Silent Generation.

Question 68

Which of the following best explains why marketers view teens as "consumers-in-training"?

A) Teenagers have little influence on their families' purchase decisions, but they carefully watch and model the consumer behavior of their parents.
B) Marketers typically do not begin targeting consumers until they are teenagers.
C) Teenagers have little discretionary income, so they have few opportunities to make independent purchase decisions.
D) Teenagers often develop brand loyalty during their adolescence, committing to a brand and continuing to purchase it for decades to come.

Question 69

Advertising to teens typically depicts ________.

A) respected adults recommending the product
B) qualified experts explaining product benefits to teens
C) "in" teens using the product
D) family members of two or three generations using the product together

Question 70

An age cohort that describes kids who were born in the late 1990s to early 2000s is ________.

A) Generation Z
B) Eco Boomers
C) Generation Y
D) Generation X

Question 71

What are age cohorts? Briefly explain how marketers use age cohorts to segment markets.

Question 72

If you were born between 1946 and 1964, you would belong to the War Baby Generation.

Question 73

An age cohort consists of people of similar ages who have similar experiences.

Question 74

Gen Z is the most diverse generation in American history.

Question 75

Which of the following statements about teenagers is True?

A) Most cultures have historically separated youth between the ages of 13 to 17 as being neither children nor adults.
B) Most primitive cultures have isolated youth between the ages of 13 to 17 as being unstable and incapable of membership in adult life.
C) The concept of being a teenager is a relatively new historical development that did not exist prior to about 60 to 70 years ago.
D) The concept of a teenager began to appear in Western cultures about 200 years ago as a result of practices by Native American tribes.

Question 76

________ are 8- to 14-year-old children.

A) Gen Y
B) Tweens
C) Millennials
D) Echo Boomers

Question 77

Explain why the original descriptions and stereotypes of Gen Xers may be inaccurate.

Question 78

Items such as Swiffer, Keurig, and Dove target ________.

A) Baby Boomers
B) Gen Z
C) Gen Y
D) Gen X

Question 79

Christy, Jillian, and Robert were all born between 1965 and 1985; they are considered part of Generation Y.

Question 80

Gen Y'ers are at home in ________, which communicates by texting and IMing.

A) thumb culture
B) the tween market
C) the gray market
D) microculture