Deck 19: Understanding Graphs
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Deck 19: Understanding Graphs
1
Exhibit 1A-2

Refer to the exhibit.At y = 14, what is the value of x?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.

Refer to the exhibit.At y = 14, what is the value of x?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.
It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
2
Exhibit 1A-4
a.

b.
c.
d.

-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates a relationship between variable X and variable that begins negatively, but changes to a positive relationship?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
a.

b.

c.


-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates a relationship between variable X and variable that begins negatively, but changes to a positive relationship?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
graph d
3
Exhibit 1A-4
a.

b.
c.
d.

-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates an inverse or negative relationship between variable X and variable Y?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
a.

b.

c.


-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates an inverse or negative relationship between variable X and variable Y?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
graph b
4
Exhibit 1A-2

Refer to the exhibit.At x = 10, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is tangent to both curves.

Refer to the exhibit.At x = 10, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is tangent to both curves.
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5
Exhibit 1A-1

Refer to the exhibit.What does point c represent?
A) x = 30, y = 60
B) x = 60, y = 30
C) c = 90
D) x + y = 60

Refer to the exhibit.What does point c represent?
A) x = 30, y = 60
B) x = 60, y = 30
C) c = 90
D) x + y = 60
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6
Exhibit 1A-4
a.

b.
c.
d.

-Refer to the exhibit.What is the slope of the curve equal to?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 2-1
D) 0
a.

b.

c.


-Refer to the exhibit.What is the slope of the curve equal to?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 2-1
D) 0
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7
Exhibit 1A-4
a.

b.
c.
d.

-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates a direct or positive relationship between variable X and variable Y?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
a.

b.

c.


-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates a direct or positive relationship between variable X and variable Y?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
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8
Exhibit 1A-2

Refer to the exhibit.At y = 10, what is the value of x?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.

Refer to the exhibit.At y = 10, what is the value of x?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.
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9
Exhibit 1A-3

Refer to the exhibit.For any value of x, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.

Refer to the exhibit.For any value of x, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.
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10
Exhibit 1A-4
a.

b.
c.
d.

-Refer to the exhibit.Which statement describes Curve B?
A) It has a positive slope that is constant at every point.
B) It has a positive slope that is changing at every point.
C) It has a negative slope that is constant at every point.
D) It has a negative slope that is changing at every point.
a.

b.

c.


-Refer to the exhibit.Which statement describes Curve B?
A) It has a positive slope that is constant at every point.
B) It has a positive slope that is changing at every point.
C) It has a negative slope that is constant at every point.
D) It has a negative slope that is changing at every point.
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11
Exhibit 1A-2

Refer to the exhibit.At x = 8, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is tangent to both curves.

Refer to the exhibit.At x = 8, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is tangent to both curves.
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12
What can be assumed if a given value of x is associated with a particular value of y?
A) that x causes y
B) that y causes x
C) that x and y must be logically connected
D) that there may be no causal relationship between x and y
A) that x causes y
B) that y causes x
C) that x and y must be logically connected
D) that there may be no causal relationship between x and y
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13
Exhibit 1A-1

Refer to the exhibit.What does point b represent?
A) x = 30, y = 60
B) x = 60, y = 30
C) x + y = 60
D) x + y = 30

Refer to the exhibit.What does point b represent?
A) x = 30, y = 60
B) x = 60, y = 30
C) x + y = 60
D) x + y = 30
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14
Exhibit 1A-4
a.

b.
c.
d.

-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates a relationship between variable X and variable Y that begins positively but then changes to a negative relationship?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
a.

b.

c.


-Refer to the exhibit.Which graph illustrates a relationship between variable X and variable Y that begins positively but then changes to a negative relationship?
A) graph a
B) graph b
C) graph c
D) graph d
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15
What can be assumed if x causes y?
A) that x and y are inversely related
B) that y is a dependent variable
C) that other variables do NOT matter
D) that y must, in turn, cause x
A) that x and y are inversely related
B) that y is a dependent variable
C) that other variables do NOT matter
D) that y must, in turn, cause x
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16
On a graph with x on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis, what is the origin?
A) the point where x = 0 and y = 0
B) any point where x = 0
C) any point where y = 0
D) any point where a curve intersects the vertical axis
A) the point where x = 0 and y = 0
B) any point where x = 0
C) any point where y = 0
D) any point where a curve intersects the vertical axis
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17
Exhibit 1A-2

Refer to the exhibit.At x = 12, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.

Refer to the exhibit.At x = 12, what is the value of y?
A) It is larger on curve A than on curve B.
B) It is smaller on curve A than on curve B.
C) It is the same on both curves.
D) It is indeterminate.
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18
Exhibit 1A-4
a.

b.
c.
d.

-Refer to the exhibit.Which statement describes Curve A?
A) It has a positive slope that is constant at every point.
B) It has a positive slope that is changing at every point.
C) It has a negative slope that is constant at every point.
D) It has a negative slope that is changing at every point.
a.

b.

c.


-Refer to the exhibit.Which statement describes Curve A?
A) It has a positive slope that is constant at every point.
B) It has a positive slope that is changing at every point.
C) It has a negative slope that is constant at every point.
D) It has a negative slope that is changing at every point.
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19
Suppose y is measured on the vertical axis, x is measured on the horizontal axis, and the various combinations of x and y are shown by a non-vertical straight line.Which of the following describes the relationship between x and y?
A) There is a negative relation between x and y.
B) There is a positive relation between x and y.
C) There is a causal relation between x and y.
D) If the value of x is known, the value of y can be determined.
A) There is a negative relation between x and y.
B) There is a positive relation between x and y.
C) There is a causal relation between x and y.
D) If the value of x is known, the value of y can be determined.
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20
Exhibit 1A-1

Refer to the exhibit.What does point a represent?
A) the origin
B) x = 0, y = 50
C) x = 50, y = 0
D) x + y = 50

Refer to the exhibit.What does point a represent?
A) the origin
B) x = 0, y = 50
C) x = 50, y = 0
D) x + y = 50
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21
Slope = 2 for a line on a graph with x on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis.If x decreases by 4, what happens to y?
A) y decreases by 8.
B) y decreases by 4.
C) y increases by 8.
D) y increases by 4.
A) y decreases by 8.
B) y decreases by 4.
C) y increases by 8.
D) y increases by 4.
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22
The cost of producing copper tubing is $1 per metre.Production costs are measured on the vertical axis and quantity of copper tubing is measured on the horizontal axis.Which of the following would have the smallest slope?
A) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in millimetres
B) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in centimetres
C) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in metres
D) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in decimetres
A) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in millimetres
B) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in centimetres
C) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in metres
D) a line representing the quantity of tubing measured in decimetres
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23
Which of the following is an economic application of the slope of a line?
A) the measurement of unlimited wants
B) behavioural analysis
C) marginal analysis
D) rational analysis
A) the measurement of unlimited wants
B) behavioural analysis
C) marginal analysis
D) rational analysis
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24
How many economic variables are involved in the relationship reflected on most economics graphs?
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) twenty
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) twenty
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25
What does the statement "There is an inverse relationship between x and y" mean?
A) that x causes y
B) that y causes x
C) that x and y move in opposite directions
D) that either y causes x or x causes y
A) that x causes y
B) that y causes x
C) that x and y move in opposite directions
D) that either y causes x or x causes y
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26
Exhibit 1A-5

Refer to the exhibit.According to the curve, if P = $8 then what is Q equal to?
A) Q = 10
B) Q = 8
C) Q = 7.5
D) Q = 7

Refer to the exhibit.According to the curve, if P = $8 then what is Q equal to?
A) Q = 10
B) Q = 8
C) Q = 7.5
D) Q = 7
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27
Which of the following best describes the slope of a horizontal line?
A) It is infinitely large.
B) It is zero.
C) It is negative.
D) It is infinitely small.
A) It is infinitely large.
B) It is zero.
C) It is negative.
D) It is infinitely small.
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28
Which of the following is the best definition of a slope of a line?
A) the rise divided by the run
B) the change in the rise divided by the change in the run
C) the run divided by the rise
D) the change in run divided by the change in the rise
A) the rise divided by the run
B) the change in the rise divided by the change in the run
C) the run divided by the rise
D) the change in run divided by the change in the rise
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29
What does the origin on a graph represent?
A) the dependent variable
B) the variable that is the primary source of causation
C) a caption or explanatory description of the symbols, colours, and measurements
D) the point at which the values of both variables are zero
A) the dependent variable
B) the variable that is the primary source of causation
C) a caption or explanatory description of the symbols, colours, and measurements
D) the point at which the values of both variables are zero
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30
Ron weighs 70 kilograms.A graph relates Ron's weight on the vertical axis to Nancy's consumption of ice cream on the horizontal axis.Which statement describes the line on the graph?
A) The line is horizontal at weight = 70.
B) The line is horizontal at weight = 0.
C) The line is positively sloped with decreasing slope.
D) The line is vertical at weight = 70.
A) The line is horizontal at weight = 70.
B) The line is horizontal at weight = 0.
C) The line is positively sloped with decreasing slope.
D) The line is vertical at weight = 70.
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31
Exhibit 1A-7

Refer to the exhibit.What is the slope of the line?
A) -10
B) -0.1
C) 0.1
D) 10

Refer to the exhibit.What is the slope of the line?
A) -10
B) -0.1
C) 0.1
D) 10
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32
A graph shows Ron's weight on the vertical axis and his consumption of ice cream on the horizontal axis.Suppose the graph indicates that for each serving of ice cream he eats, Ron gains 2 kilograms, regardless of how much ice cream he had already eaten.What would this graph show?
A) a straight line with slope = 2
B) a straight line with slope = 1/2
C) a straight line with slope = -1/2
D) a straight line with slope = -2
A) a straight line with slope = 2
B) a straight line with slope = 1/2
C) a straight line with slope = -1/2
D) a straight line with slope = -2
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33
How is the slope of a line defined?
A) as the change in the value of the variable on the vertical axis divided by the change in the value of the variable on the horizontal axis
B) as the value of the variable on the horizontal axis divided by the value of the intercept on the vertical axis
C) as the change in the value of the variable on the horizontal axis divided by the increase in the value of the variable on the vertical axis
D) as value of the variable on the vertical axis divided by the value of the variable on the horizontal axis
A) as the change in the value of the variable on the vertical axis divided by the change in the value of the variable on the horizontal axis
B) as the value of the variable on the horizontal axis divided by the value of the intercept on the vertical axis
C) as the change in the value of the variable on the horizontal axis divided by the increase in the value of the variable on the vertical axis
D) as value of the variable on the vertical axis divided by the value of the variable on the horizontal axis
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34
Which of the following best describes the slope of a vertical line?
A) It is infinitely large.
B) It is zero.
C) It is positive.
D) It is infinitely small.
A) It is infinitely large.
B) It is zero.
C) It is positive.
D) It is infinitely small.
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35
Exhibit 1A-8
-Refer to the exhibit.What would the slope of a line graphed with x on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis be equal to?
A) 0.5
B) 1.5
C) 2
D) 100
-Refer to the exhibit.What would the slope of a line graphed with x on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis be equal to?
A) 0.5
B) 1.5
C) 2
D) 100
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36
What does the statement "There is a direct relation between x and y" mean?
A) that x and y move in the same direction
B) that x causes y
C) that y causes x
D) that either y causes x or x causes y
A) that x and y move in the same direction
B) that x causes y
C) that y causes x
D) that either y causes x or x causes y
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37
Exhibit 1A-6

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes the slope of the straight line?
A) It is greater at point a than at point b.
B) It is the same at points a and b.
C) It is negative because an inverse relation is shown.
D) It is positive because the line lies to the right of the y axis.

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes the slope of the straight line?
A) It is greater at point a than at point b.
B) It is the same at points a and b.
C) It is negative because an inverse relation is shown.
D) It is positive because the line lies to the right of the y axis.
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38
Slope = -2 for a line on a graph with x on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis.If x increases by 4, what happens to y?
A) y increases by 8.
B) y increases by 2.
C) y decreases by 4.
D) y decreases by 8.
A) y increases by 8.
B) y increases by 2.
C) y decreases by 4.
D) y decreases by 8.
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39
What is the definition of a graph?
A) It is a lengthy way to illustrate information.
B) It is diagram illustrating a relationship between variables.
C) It is method of proving causation.
D) It is a tool for incorporating all major and minor variables in one illustration.
A) It is a lengthy way to illustrate information.
B) It is diagram illustrating a relationship between variables.
C) It is method of proving causation.
D) It is a tool for incorporating all major and minor variables in one illustration.
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40
Exhibit 1A-5

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes line D?
A) A decrease in P is associated with a decrease in Q.
B) There is no relation between P and Q.
C) There is an inverse relationship between P and Q.
D) There is a positive relationship between P and Q.

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes line D?
A) A decrease in P is associated with a decrease in Q.
B) There is no relation between P and Q.
C) There is an inverse relationship between P and Q.
D) There is a positive relationship between P and Q.
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41
Exhibit 1A-12

Exhibit 1A-12.Compare the slopes of the tangents at points a and b. Which statement best describes the slope of a and b?
A) The slope of a is positive, and the slope at b is negative.
B) The slope of a is negative, and the slope at b is positive.
C) The slope of a is positive, and the slope of b is positive.
D) The slope of a is negative, and the slope of b is negative.

Exhibit 1A-12.Compare the slopes of the tangents at points a and b. Which statement best describes the slope of a and b?
A) The slope of a is positive, and the slope at b is negative.
B) The slope of a is negative, and the slope at b is positive.
C) The slope of a is positive, and the slope of b is positive.
D) The slope of a is negative, and the slope of b is negative.
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42
Exhibit 1A-14

Refer to the exhibit.Why would line a shift to the position of line b?
A) because of a change in quantity only
B) because of a change in price only
C) because of a change in an assumption about the relationship between the two variables observed
D) because of changes in both quantity and price

Refer to the exhibit.Why would line a shift to the position of line b?
A) because of a change in quantity only
B) because of a change in price only
C) because of a change in an assumption about the relationship between the two variables observed
D) because of changes in both quantity and price
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43
Which of the following best describes the slope of the line tangent to the curve?
A) The slope of the line is greater.
B) the slope of the line is lesser.
C) The slope of the line is the same.
D) The slope of the line is steeper.
A) The slope of the line is greater.
B) the slope of the line is lesser.
C) The slope of the line is the same.
D) The slope of the line is steeper.
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44
Moderate exercise is better than none, but excessive exercise is harmful.What is the shape of the graph of health benefits versus hours of exercise per week if health benefits are measured on the vertical axis and exercise is measured on the horizontal axis?
A) a positively sloped straight line
B) a negatively sloped straight line
C) a U-shaped curve
D) a hill-shaped curve
A) a positively sloped straight line
B) a negatively sloped straight line
C) a U-shaped curve
D) a hill-shaped curve
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45
Exhibit 1A-13

Refer to exhibit.What is the slope of the curve where x equals 50?
A) infinite
B) 1
C) 0
D) -1

Refer to exhibit.What is the slope of the curve where x equals 50?
A) infinite
B) 1
C) 0
D) -1
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46
What is a tangent line?
A) a straight line that intersects a curved line twice
B) a straight line that has a slope equal to infinity
C) a straight line that touches a curved line at only one point
D) a line that runs along the vertical axis
A) a straight line that intersects a curved line twice
B) a straight line that has a slope equal to infinity
C) a straight line that touches a curved line at only one point
D) a line that runs along the vertical axis
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47
Exhibit 1A-9

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes the slope of the line?
A) The line is negative for all values of x.
B) The line is positive for all values of x.
C) The line is zero at x = 7.
D) The line is first negative, and then it is positive as x increases.

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes the slope of the line?
A) The line is negative for all values of x.
B) The line is positive for all values of x.
C) The line is zero at x = 7.
D) The line is first negative, and then it is positive as x increases.
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48
Which of the following would cause a line on a graph to shift?
A) if the independent variable changes
B) if there are no changes in any variables considered in the model
C) if there is a change in a variable that had previously been assumed to be constant
D) if a change in the independent variable causes a change in the dependent variable
A) if the independent variable changes
B) if there are no changes in any variables considered in the model
C) if there is a change in a variable that had previously been assumed to be constant
D) if a change in the independent variable causes a change in the dependent variable
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49
What part of a graph is most applicable to marginal analysis?
A) the origin
B) the slope
C) the horizontal axis
D) the dependent variable
A) the origin
B) the slope
C) the horizontal axis
D) the dependent variable
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50
Exhibit 1A-11

Refer to the exhibit.Which of the following best describes the slope of the line?
A) positive and constant
B) positive and increasing
C) positive and decreasing
D) negative and increasing

Refer to the exhibit.Which of the following best describes the slope of the line?
A) positive and constant
B) positive and increasing
C) positive and decreasing
D) negative and increasing
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51
Exhibit 1A-10

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes the slope of the line?
A) The line is negative for all values of x.
B) The line is positive for all values of x.
C) The line is first negative, and then it is positive as x increases.
D) The line is first rising, and then it is falling as x increases.

Refer to the exhibit.Which statement best describes the slope of the line?
A) The line is negative for all values of x.
B) The line is positive for all values of x.
C) The line is first negative, and then it is positive as x increases.
D) The line is first rising, and then it is falling as x increases.
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52
When is a line tangent to a curve?
A) if the line tangent crosses the curve at one point
B) if the line tangent touches the curve at one point, without crossing it
C) it the line tangent crosses the curve at a minimum of two points
D) if the line tangent never touches the curve
A) if the line tangent crosses the curve at one point
B) if the line tangent touches the curve at one point, without crossing it
C) it the line tangent crosses the curve at a minimum of two points
D) if the line tangent never touches the curve
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