Deck 10: Intelligence

Question 1

The view that intelligence is a mental capacity that can be measured by analyzing performance on mental tests is most consistent with the:

A)psychometric approach to intelligence
B)cognitive approach to intelligence
C)theory of multiple intelligences
D)triarchic theory of intelligence

Answer 1

psychometric approach to intelligence

Question 2

Which of the following statements about Francis Galton is incorrect?

A)He was an early member of the psychometric approach to intelligence.
B)He attempted to measure intelligence through tests such as sensory discrimination.
C)Like Charles Darwin, he was deeply committed to the idea of survival of the fittest.
D)His tests were found to be excellent predictors of actual intellectual performance.

Answer 2

His tests were found to be excellent predictors of actual intellectual performance.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about Francis Galton is incorrect?

A)He was an early member of the cognitive approach to intelligence.
B)He attempted to measure intelligence through tests such as sensory discrimination.
C)Like Charles Darwin, he was deeply committed to the idea of survival of the fittest.
D)His tests were later shown to be poor predictors of actual intellectual performance.

Answer 3

He was an early member of the cognitive approach to intelligence.

Question 4

The internal capacity that accounts for individual differences in mental test performance and enables us to adapt to an ever-changing environment is called:

A)intelligence
B)learning
C)thinking
D)maturation

Question 5

The individual whose name is most clearly linked with the psychometric, factor analytic view of intelligence is:

A)Howard Gardner
B)Charles Spearman
C)Robert Sternberg
D)John Watson

Question 6

A major contribution of Charles Spearman was the development of the mathematical technique:

A)analysis of variance
B)analysis of covariance
C)factor analysis
D)psychometric analysis

Question 7

Which of the following statements about Francis Galton is correct?

A)He was an early member of the psychometric approach to intelligence.
B)He attempted to measure intelligence through tests such as the memory span.
C)Unlike Charles Darwin, he was strongly opposed to the idea of survival of the fittest.
D)His tests were found to be excellent predictors of actual intellectual performance.

Question 8

According to Charles Spearman, intelligence should be conceptualized using a two-factor model that consists of:

A)verbal skills and mathematical skills
B)fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence
C)analytic intelligence and creative intelligence
D)a g factor and s factors

Question 9

Intelligence:

A)is an internal capacity that enables us to adapt to an ever-changing environment
B)is a relatively permanent change brought about the environment
C)involves the formation of US-CS links
D)involves the development of new patterns of problem solving through maturation

Question 10

The term g factor referring to intelligence was proposed by:

A)Robert Sternberg
B)Howard Gardner
C)Charles Spearman
D)Sir Francis Galton

Question 11

Which of the following statements about Francis Galton is incorrect?

A)He was an early member of the psychometric approach to intelligence.
B)He attempted to measure intelligence through tests such as the memory span.
C)Like Charles Darwin, he was deeply committed to the idea of survival of the fittest.
D)His tests were later shown to be poor predictors of actual intellectual performance.

Question 12

The psychometric approach to intelligence proposes that:

A)intelligence needs to be understood by analyzing internal mental processes
B)traditional conceptions of intelligence need to be broadened to include special abilities or talents
C)any complete conceptualization of intelligence must address behavior that occurs outside laboratory settings
D)intelligence is a mental capacity that can be measured by analyzing performance on mental tests

Question 13

A statistical procedure that groups together related items on tests by analyzing the correlation among test scores is:

A)analysis of variance
B)analysis of covariance
C)factor analysis
D)psychometric analysis

Question 14

Which of the following statements about Francis Galton is correct?

A)He was an early member of the cognitive approach to intelligence.
B)He attempted to measure intelligence through tests such as the memory span.
C)Unlike Charles Darwin, he was strongly opposed to the idea of survival of the fittest.
D)His tests were later shown to be poor predictors of actual intellectual performance.

Question 15

In the psychometric approach to studying intelligence, the main focus is on:

A)neural transmission and processing speed
B)performance on mental tests
C)adaptation to the environment
D)the interaction of mental ability, creativity, and adaptability

Question 16

The term s factor referring to intelligence was proposed by:

A)Robert Sternberg
B)Howard Gardner
C)Charles Spearman
D)Sir Francis Galton

Question 17

Francis Galton is one of the earliest proponents of the:

A)cognitive view of intelligence
B)behavioral view of intelligence
C)psychometric view of intelligence
D)gestalt view of intelligence

Question 18

The mathematical technique factor analysis was developed by:

A)Howard Gardner
B)Francis Galton
C)Charles Spearman
D)Robert Sternberg

Question 19

Who established an "anthropomorphic" laboratory to measure intelligence through tests such as sensory discrimination and reaction time?

A)Howard Cattell
B)Francis Galton
C)Lewis Thurstone
D)Charles Darwin

Question 20

In terms of intelligence, g factor refers to:

A)an individual factor that is unique to a particular type of test
B)acquired knowledge and abilities
C)an underlying intelligence factor that applies to all types of test performance
D)the ability to understand spatial relationships and think in three dimensions

Question 21

Which of the following researchers proposed that numerical ability is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 22

In terms of intelligence, a single underlying factor that would apply to all types of test performance would be:

A)a g factor
B)an s factor
C)a megafactor
D)practical intelligence

Question 23

Which of the following researchers proposed that reasoning is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 24

A mathematician has just purchased a set of the first papers explaining factor analysis.The papers are probably by:

A)Howard Gardner
B)Francis Galton
C)Charles Spearman
D)Robert Sternberg

Question 25

Who suggested that intelligence should be conceptualized as seven primary mental abilities that are independent of each other?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Robert Sternberg
C)L.L. Thurstone
D)Raymond Cattell

Question 26

L.L.Thurstone suggested that intelligence should be conceptualized as having multiple types of intelligence that are independent of each other.Which of the following were among the seven he proposed?

A)perceptual speed
B)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)creative intelligence

Question 27

A psychologist has just purchased the first papers that claim intelligence is made-up of both general and specific factors.The papers are probably by:

A)Howard Gardner
B)Francis Galton
C)Charles Spearman
D)Robert Sternberg

Question 28

L.L.Thurstone suggested that intelligence should be conceptualized as:

A)seven primary mental abilities that arise from a single general intelligence factor
B)two main factors and five subfactors
C)seven primary mental abilities that are independent of each other
D)a set of abilities that are largely unaffected by experience

Question 29

Based on Charles Spearman's view of intelligence, individuals who excel in:

A)one academic area are likely to perform poorly in other academic areas
B)academics early are likely to "burn out" when they are older
C)one academic area are likely to excel in most academic areas
D)academics are also likely to be gifted athletes and musicians

Question 30

Which of the following researchers proposed that perceptual speed is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 31

When people take several very different mental abilities tests, their scores across tests are often similar or positively correlated.This best supports:

A)Spearman's two-factor theory of intelligence
B)Gardner's multiple intelligences theory
C)Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence
D)Cattell's concept of crystallized and fluid intelligence

Question 32

A mathematician has just purchased a book by Charles Spearman.The book is probably about:

A)analysis of variance
B)analysis of covariance
C)factor analysis
D)psychometric analysis

Question 33

L.L.Thurstone suggested that intelligence should be conceptualized as having multiple types of intelligence that are independent of each other.Which of the following were NOT among the seven he proposed?

A)perceptual speed
B)numerical ability
C)verbal fluency
D)intrapersonal intelligence

Question 34

In terms of intelligence, s factor refers to:

A)an underlying intelligence factor that applies to all types of test performance
B)an individual's ability to solve problems, reason, and remember
C)an individual factor that is unique to a particular type of test
D)the ability to understand spatial relationships and think in three dimensions

Question 35

Positive correlations between scores on several very different mental tests support:

A)Gardner's multiple intelligences theory
B)Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence
C)Cattell's concept of crystallized and fluid intelligence
D)Spearman's two-factor theory of intelligence

Question 36

In terms of intelligence, an individual factor that is unique to a particular type of test would be:

A)a g factor
B)a microfactor
C)analytical intelligence
D)an s factor

Question 37

L.L.Thurstone suggested that intelligence should be conceptualized as having multiple types of intelligence that are independent of each other.How many types did he propose?

A)three
B)five
C)seven
D)twelve

Question 38

Jacinda is extremely talented in math and science and has received a number of scholarships based on her abilities in these areas.However, Jacinda just can't seem to catch on in her English classes, no matter how many she takes.She is repeating her remedial English class for the third time, and still struggling.The theory of intelligence that would have the most difficulty explaining Jacinda's different levels of performance is:

A)Thurstone's theory of primary mental abilities
B)Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
C)Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence
D)Spearman's theory of general intelligence

Question 39

Which of the following researchers proposed that verbal fluency is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 40

Which of the following researchers proposed that verbal comprehension is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 41

When intelligence is defined by performance on tests of mental ability, evidence for:

A)seven primary mental abilities is hard to dismiss
B)a central g is hard to dismiss
C)anthropomorphic abilities are hard to dismiss
D)a central s is hard to dismiss

Question 42

According to Raymond Cattell, crystallized intelligence refers to:

A)the ability to solve problems, reason and remember
B)an underlying intelligence factor that applies to all types of test performance
C)the ability to understand spatial relationships and think in three dimensions
D)acquired knowledge and ability

Question 43

Who of the following would be associated with the psychometric approach to intelligence?

A)Howard Gardner
B)John Watson
C)Charles Spearman
D)Robert Sternberg

Question 44

Problem solving, reasoning, and memory skills that are not greatly influenced by experience are part of:

A)fluid intelligence
B)crystallized intelligence
C)interpersonal intelligence
D)practical intelligence

Question 45

Howard Gardner feels the types of intelligence he proposes are:

A)learned through environmental factors, but expressed the same way in each culture
B)rooted in the biology of the brain, but expressed the same way in each culture
C)learned through environmental factors, but expressed differently based on one's culture
D)rooted in the biology of the brain, but expressed differently based on one's culture

Question 46

According to Raymond Cattell, knowledge and abilities that are acquired refer to:

A)fluid intelligence
B)practical intelligence
C)crystallized intelligence
D)analytic intelligence

Question 47

The view that traditional conceptions of intelligence need to be broadened to include special abilities or talents is most consistent with:

A)the psychometric approach to intelligence
B)Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
C)the cognitive approach to intelligence
D)Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence

Question 48

Who of the following would not be associated with the psychometric approach to intelligence?

A)L. L. Thurstone
B)Francis Galton
C)Charles Spearman
D)Robert Sternberg

Question 49

Who of the following would not be associated with the psychometric approach to intelligence?

A)Howard Gardner
B)Francis Galton
C)Charles Spearman
D)L. L. Thurstone

Question 50

Susan and her brother Stephen are very competitive with one another.Susan always beats Stephen at scramble because she knows more words than he does.This difference is an example of which of the following types of intelligences?

A)fluid intelligence
B)crystallized intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)creative intelligence

Question 51

Jennie has just attained a fairly high score in a test designed to measure her numerical ability.Based on Thurstone's theory of seven primary intelligences, when Jennie takes a test designed to measure her spatial ability, you can predict:

A)she will attain a high score on that test as well
B)she will attain a much lower score on that test
C)her score on that test will be independent of her numerical ability test score
D)she will attain an even higher score on the second test

Question 52

According to Raymond Cattell, the general ability to solve problems, reason, and remember refers to:

A)crystallized intelligence
B)fluid intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)analytic intelligence

Question 53

Which of the following researchers proposed that crystallized intelligence is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Raymond Cattell
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 54

Jessica has been studying geology for the past 6 years.She can easily classify almost any rock or mineral correctly.When she first started her studies, she often had a difficult time differentiating between the different rocks and minerals and often made errors in classification.According to Raymond Cattell, Jessica's current ability to classify rocks and minerals is an example of her:

A)fluid intelligence
B)practical intelligence
C)creative intelligence
D)crystallized intelligence

Question 55

Many psychologists propose a hierarchical model of intelligence.This represents a:

A)rejection of Spearman's view in favor of Thurstone's
B)rejection of Thurstone's view in favor of Spearman's
C)rejection of the views of both Thurstone and Spearman
D)compromise between the views of Thurstone and Spearman

Question 56

According to Raymond Cattell, fluid intelligence refers to:

A)acquired knowledge and ability
B)individual factors that are unique to a particular type of test
C)the ability to understand spatial relationships and think in three dimensions
D)the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember

Question 57

Who of the following would be associated with the psychometric approach to intelligence?

A)Howard Gardner
B)E. L. Thorndike
C)L. L. Thurstone
D)Robert Sternberg

Question 58

Which of the following is a correct statement of Howard Gardner's view of intelligence?

A)intelligence can be adequately captured through the analysis of test performance
B)we must search for a single ability that underlies intelligence
C)intelligence can be expressed in a variety of ways depending on one's culture
D)environmental factors are the source of what we call intelligence

Question 59

Which of the following researchers proposed that fluid intelligence is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Raymond Cattell
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 60

Eliza is able to solve problems quickly in school.Even when she was in preschool, she seemed to be able to think through questions and answer them more quickly than her classmates.According to Raymond Cattell, Eliza's quick reasoning and problem-solving skills are probably evidence of her overall:

A)fluid intelligence
B)crystallized intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)creative intelligence

Question 61

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by great poets is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)musical intelligence
C)linguistic intelligence
D)naturalist intelligence

Question 62

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by someone with superior navigation skills is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)spatial intelligence
C)logical-mathematical intelligence
D)naturalist intelligence

Question 63

In Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence, which of the following would most likely be high in bodily-kinesthetic intelligence?

A)a surgeon
B)a navigator
C)a biologist
D)a lawyer

Question 64

Which of the following is an incorrect statement of Howard Gardner's view of intelligence?

A)intelligence cannot be adequately captured through the analysis of test performance
B)there are at least eight distinct kinds of intelligence
C)intelligence is always expressed the same way regardless of one's culture
D)the biology of the brain is the ultimate root of intelligence

Question 65

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by gifted musicians and child prodigies is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)musical intelligence
C)logical-mathematical intelligence
D)naturalist intelligence

Question 66

Which of the following researchers proposed that spatial intelligence is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 67

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by someone who has great insight into her or his own feelings and emotions is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)naturalist intelligence
C)intrapersonal intelligence
D)interpersonal intelligence

Question 68

Howard Gardner developed his theory of multiple intelligences through the use of:

A)case study research
B)controlled experiments
C)naturalistic observation
D)correlational studies

Question 69

Who of the following performed research on intelligence using the case study method?

A)Howard Gardner
B)John Watson
C)Howard Cattell
D)Charles Spearman

Question 70

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by superior scientists is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)musical intelligence
C)logical-mathematical intelligence
D)naturalistic intelligence

Question 71

In Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence, which of the following would most likely be high in spatial intelligence?

A)a surgeon
B)a navigator
C)a biologist
D)a lawyer

Question 72

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by people who can easily infer other people's moods, temperaments, and intentions is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)naturalist intelligence
C)intrapersonal intelligence
D)interpersonal intelligence

Question 73

Which of the following is an incorrect statement of Howard Gardner's view of intelligence?

A)intelligence can be adequately captured through the analysis of test performance
B)there are at least eight distinct kinds of intelligence
C)intelligence can be expressed in a variety of ways depending on one's culture
D)the biology of the brain is the ultimate root of intelligence

Question 74

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by someone with the ability to observe and interact with diverse species is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)intrapersonal intelligence
C)interpersonal intelligence
D)naturalist intelligence

Question 75

Which of the following is a correct statement of Howard Gardner's view of intelligence?

A)intelligence cannot be adequately captured through the analysis of test performance
B)we must search for a single ability that underlies intelligence
C)intelligence is always expressed the same way regardless of one's culture
D)environmental factors are the source of what we call intelligence

Question 76

The type of intelligence Howard Gardner proposes is displayed by surgeons is:

A)bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
B)musical intelligence
C)logical-mathematical intelligence
D)naturalist intelligence

Question 77

Which of the following researchers proposed that musical intelligence is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Robert Sternberg
C)Howard Gardner
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 78

Which of the following researchers proposed that intrapersonal intelligence is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)L.L. Thurstone

Question 79

In Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence, which of the following would most likely be high in logical-mathematical intelligence?

A)a surgeon
B)a playwright
C)a biologist
D)a scientist

Question 80

Which of the following researchers proposed that linguistic intelligence is a type of intelligence distinct from other types of intelligence?

A)Charles Spearman
B)Robert Sternberg
C)L.L. Thurstone
D)Howard Gardner