Deck 7: Minorities in Policing

Question 1

Critics of affirmative action argue that selecting police officers based on their race or gender does not violate the 1964 Civil Rights Act and is discriminatory.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The number of Hispanic American officers has increased significantly in the last two decades, as has their percentage in the general population.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Academic research has shown that female officers can do patrol work effectively and are well received by the public.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Homosexuals have not been discriminated against in police hiring practices.

Question 5

According to your text, which racial group despite efforts is poorly represented in law enforcement?

A)American Indian
B)Pacific Islander
C)Asian
D)Hispanics

Question 6

The United States has a long history of job discrimination against women and minorities.

Question 7

The most prevalent form of discrimination has been:

A)separate job titles
B)disparate recruiting
C)de facto discrimination
D)standard discrimination

Question 8

The concept that employers must take active steps to ensure equal employment opportunity and to redress past discrimination is called:

A)reverse discrimination
B)adverse impact
C)affirmative action
D)de facto opportunity

Question 9

The requirement that officers not be less than a certain height (height requirement) was probably the strongest example of discrimination against women candidates.

Question 10

In 1968, the Chicago Police Department assigned Barbara Blankenbaker and Susan Conick to patrol.They were the first females to wear a uniform and a gun belt and to drive a marked patrol car responding to calls for service on an equal basis with men.

Question 11

The first African American police officer was appointed in what city?

A)Chicago
B)New York
C)New Orleans
D)Miami

Question 12

Recent years have seen a significant increase in the numbers of women in administrative positions and serving as chiefs and sheriffs.

Question 13

The Supreme Court case that established the concept that hiring requirements must be job-related was:

A)Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka
B)Brown v.Mississippi
C)Griggs v.Duke Power Company
D)U.S.v.Paradise

Question 14

Which of the following was not one of the duties relegated to early female police officers?

A)issuing parking tickets
B)guarding female prisoners
C)performing routine clerical tasks
D)patrolling

Question 15

The Supreme Court decision in Griggs v.Duke Power Company established the concept that job requirements must be job related-they must be necessary for the performance of the job a person is applying for.

Question 16

In 1910, the nation's first "officially designated" policewoman was:

A)Alice Stebbins Wells
B)Nora Jean Wilson
C)Hazel L.Davis
D)Ruth Smith

Question 17

The percentages of women in law enforcement today are now near the 50 percent that women represent in society.

Question 18

The most controversial method of ending job discrimination is the concept of quotas in hiring minorities.

Question 19

In 1910, _____ appointed the nation's first "officially designated" policewoman.

A)Dallas
B)New York
C)Los Angeles
D)Chicago

Question 20

As late as the mid-1970s, women were often still allowed to work only with juvenile offenders, and in many cities female officers could not ride in patrol cars after dark.

Question 21

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited all job discrimination based on race, color, ____________________, gender, and national origin.

Question 22

All are challenges that African Americans face in the workplace except:

A)tokenism
B)equal pay
C)acceptance
D)harassment

Question 23

The first important job discrimination case was ____________________.

Question 24

____________________ is the indirect result of policies or practices that are not intended to discriminate but do, in fact, discriminate.

Question 25

_____ of sworn personnel in local police departments are Hispanic.

A)19.5%
B)22.7%
C)10.3%
D)l.8%

Question 26

_____ of sworn personnel in local police departments are African American.

A)11.9%
B)20.7%
C)5.2%
D)18.9%

Question 27

All are issues women face in the law enforcement workplace except:

A)pregnancy
B)dating
C)family issues
D)drug use

Question 28

_____ of sworn personnel in local police departments are women.

A)11.9%
B)15.3%
C)3.9%
D)21.2%

Question 29

The ____________________ extended the 1964 Civil Rights Act and made its provisions applicable to state and local governments.

Question 30

The simultaneous expectation by white officers that African American officers will give members of their own race better treatment, but that African American officers will also receive hostility from the African American community because they are perceived as traitors to their race is known as:

A)double marginality
B)de facto discrimination
C)adverse impact
D)reverse discrimination

Question 31

In the early days of female policing, women were normally used in only three actual police-related jobs: juvenile work, guarding female prisoners, and ____________________ crimes.

Question 32

Until the 1970s, why was it presumed that women were not capable of performing the same type of patrol duty as men?

A)because of their gender and size
B)because they could not testify in court
C)because they were not good drivers
D)because they would side with women in domestic disputes

Question 33

If a certain examination results in the vast majority of females failing that test while the vast majority of males passed it, that exam can be said to have had a(n) ____________________ on females.

Question 34

The primary instrument governing employment equality, as well as all equality, in U.S.society is the ____________________ Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Question 35

____________________ means that employers must take active steps to ensure equal employment opportunity and to redress past discrimination.

Question 36

____________________ is the unequal treatment of persons in personnel decisions (hiring, promotion, and firing) on the basis of their race, religion, national origin, gender, or sexual orientation.

Question 37

The simultaneous expectation by white officers that African American officers will give members of their own race better treatment and receive hostility from the African American community because they are perceived as traitors to their race is known as ____________________.

Question 38

According to your text, the first challenge that a minority must face in the law enforcement workplace is ___________.

Question 39

A major concept behind the affirmative action movement, and possibly the most disturbing concept to many, is the establishment of ____________________.

Question 40

The academic studies of women on patrol indicate that:

A)women can perform patrol duties as well as men can
B)women perform in a less satisfactory manner than men on patrol
C)women perform as well as men on patrol but only when teamed with a male partner
D)the majority of women do not want to work patrol

Question 41

Discuss the many ways that women have been discriminated against in policing.

Question 42

Explain how minorities still face problems in policing.

Question 43

Describe the role the federal government played in removing equal employment opportunity barriers to women and minorities in policing.

Question 44

How have police standards and testing procedures changed in recent years to enable more women and minorities to enter policing?

Question 45

How have affirmative action policies affected white males in hiring and promotional policies?

Question 46

What percentage of our police departments today are women, African American, or Hispanic? How do these numbers compare to earlier years?

Question 47

Acceptance is important to women in law enforcement.Explain the challenges that confront women in law enforcement.

Question 48

Describe the methods used by women and other minorities to earn their proper place in U.S.police departments.

Question 49

Detail the case of Griggs v.Duke Power Company, and explain the impact that this case has had on police hiring.

Question 50

How effective are women as patrol officers as compared to their male counterparts?