Deck 10: Acids and Bases and Equilibrium

Question 1

What is the [ ] in a solution with [ ] = 1 × M?

A)1 × M
B)1 × M
C)1 × M
D)1 × M
E)1 × M

Answer 1

1 × M

Question 2

Which of the following statements correctly describes the hydronium-hydroxide balance in the given solution?

A)In acids,[ ] is greater than [ ].
B)In bases,[ ] = [ ].
C)In neutral solutions,[ ] = [ O].
D)In bases,[ ] is greater than [ ].
E)In bases,[ ] is less than [ ].

Answer 2

In bases,[ ] is greater than [ ].

Question 3

The name of is ________.

A)aluminum trihydroxide
B)monoaluminum trihydroxide
C)aluminum hydroxide
D)aluminum(III)hydroxide
E)aluminum oxygen hydride

Answer 3

aluminum hydroxide

Question 4

According to LeChâtelier's principle,predict whether adding H₂O causes the system to shift in the direction of reactants,products,or no change.
N (aq)+ O(l)⇌ N (aq)+ (aq)

A)reactants
B)products
C)no change

Question 5

According to the Arrhenius concept,if were dissolved in water,it would act as ________.

A)a base
B)an acid
C)a source of hydroxide ions
D)a source of H^- ions
E)a proton acceptor

Question 6

A chemical reaction has reached equilibrium when ________.

A)the concentrations of reactants and products are equal
B)all reactants have been converted to products
C)all products have been removed from the reaction mixture
D)the catalyst has been used up
E)the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction

Question 7

Ammonium hydroxide is a weak base because ________.

A)it forms a dilute solution
B)it is only slightly soluble in water
C)is a poor acceptor of protons
D)it dissociates only slightly in water
E)it is completely ionized in aqueous solution

Question 8

When a reaction is at equilibrium,________.

A)all reaction stops
B)no more reactants are converted to products
C)the reaction is no longer reversible
D)the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate
E)the products and reactants have the same energy content

Question 9

Which one of the following is characteristic of an acid?

A)produces H₃O⁺ in water
B)has a bitter taste
C)has a slippery,soapy feel
D)turns litmus blue
E)is insoluble in water

Question 10

Which one of the following is characteristic of a base?

A)produces H₃O⁺ in water
B)has a sour taste
C)has a slippery,soapy feel
D)turns blue litmus red
E)is insoluble in water

Question 11

According to LeChâtelier's principle,predict whether adding causes the system to shift in the direction of reactants,products,or no change.
N (aq)+ H₂O(l)⇌ N (aq)+ (aq)

A)reactants
B)products
C)no change

Question 12

The correct formula for sulfuric acid is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 13

Which of the following is correctly identified?

A) ,strong acid
B)NaOH,strong base
C)HCl,weak acid
D) ,strong acid
E)Ca ,weak base

Question 14

According to the Brønsted-Lowry definition,________.

A)an acid is a proton acceptor
B)a base produces ions in aqueous solutions
C)a base is a proton donor
D)a base is a proton acceptor
E)an acid acts as the solvent

Question 15

The conjugate acid of H₂O is ________.

A)
B)
C) H₂O
D)
E) H₂O has no conjugate acid.

Question 16

The name given to an aqueous solution of HBr is ________.

A)hydrogen bromide
B)hydrobromic acid
C)bromic acid
D)bromous acid
E)hypobromous acid

Question 17

Which of the following is the strongest acid?

A)
B)
C)NaOH
D)
E)HCl

Question 18

For ,the product of [ ] and [ ] is ________.

A)1.0 ×
B)1.0 ×
C)1.0 ×
D)1.0
E)1.0 ×

Question 19

Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid in the following reaction.
H₂O(l)+ (aq)→ (aq)+ (aq)

A) H₂O
B)
C)
D)OH^-
E)H₂CO₃

Question 20

The conjugate base of H₂O is ________.

A) H₃O₊
B) OH^-
C) H₂O
D) O^2-
E) H₂O has no conjugate base.

Question 21

What is the pH of a solution with [ H₃O⁺ ] = 1 × M?

A)1.0 ×
B)-9.0
C)5.0
D)-5.0
E)9.0

Question 22

A solution with [ ] of 5 × has a pH of ________.

A)2.3
B)-2.3
C)11.7
D)7.0
E)5.0

Question 23

Which of the following is the correctly balanced equation for the complete neutralization of H₃PO₄ by Ca(OH)₂ ?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 24

What is the pH of a solution with [ ] = 1 × M?

A)10.0
B)-10.0
C)4.0
D)-4.0
E)1.0 ×

Question 25

Which of the following is a neutralization reaction?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 26

A 10.0 mL of 0.121 M H₂SO₄ is neutralized by 17.1 mL of KOH solution.The molarity of the KOH solution is ________.

A)0.207 M
B)0.414 M
C)0.0708 M
D)0.428 M
E)0.142 M

Question 27

The function of a buffer is to ________.

A)change color at the end point of a titration
B)maintain the pH of a solution
C)be a strong base
D)maintain a neutral pH
E)act as a strong acid

Question 28

25.0 mL of 0.212 M NaOH is neutralized by 13.6 mL of an HCl solution.The molarity of the HCl solution is ________.

A)0.212 M
B)0.115 M
C)0.500 M
D)0.390 M
E)0.137 M

Question 29

What is the [ ] in a solution that has a [ ] = 1 × M?

A)1 × M
B)1 × M
C)1 × M
D)1 × M
E)1 × M

Question 30

Which of the following could be a buffer?

A)NaF(aq)
B)HF(aq)+ NaF(aq)
C)HF(aq)+ H₂O(l)
D)NaF(aq)+ H₂O(l)
E)NaCl(aq)+ HF(aq)

Question 31

When an acid reacts with a metal like Al,the products are ________.

A)water and a base
B)water and a salt
C)water and carbon dioxide
D)a salt and carbon dioxide
E)a salt and hydrogen

Question 32

In a buffer system of HF and its salt,NaF,________.

A)the HF neutralizes added acid
B)the HF neutralizes added base
C)the HF is not necessary
D)the neutralizes added H₂O
E)the neutralizes added base

Question 33

The neutralization reaction between and produces the salt with the formula ________.

A) H₂O
B)
C)
D) )₃
E) OH

Question 34

In a neutralization reaction ________.

A)two acids react to form water
B)water and a salt react to form an acid and a base
C)an acid and a salt react to form water and a base
D)a base and a salt react to form water and an acid
E)an acid and a base react to form a salt and water

Question 35

An acid and base react to form a salt and water in a(n)________ reaction.

A)ionization
B)dissociation
C)oxidation
D)neutralization
E)reduction

Question 36

The [ H₃O⁺ ] of a solution with pH = 9.7 is ________.

A)9.7 M
B)1 × M
C)2 × M
D)5 × M
E)9.7 × M

Question 37

Normal blood pH is about ________.

A)6.8
B)7.0
C)7.2
D)7.4
E)7.6

Question 38

Which of the following is a buffer system?

A)NaCl(aq)and NaNO₃ (aq)
B)HCl(aq)and NaOH(aq)
C) H₂CO₃ (aq)and KHCO₃ (aq)
D)NaCl(aq)and NaOH(aq)
E) H₂O(l)and HCl(aq)

Question 39

The [ H₃O⁺ ] of a solution with pH = 8.7 is ________.

A)8.7 M
B)5.3 M
C)2 × M
D)8.7 × M
E)5 × M

Question 40

The [ H₃O⁺ ] of a solution with pH = 2.0 is ________.

A)10 M
B)-10 M
C)1 × M
D)1 × M
E)1 × M

Question 41

A solution with a pH greater than 7 is basic.

Question 42

An acidic solution has a pH less than 7.0.

Question 43

When a system is at equilibrium,all the concentrations are 1 M.

Question 44

KOH is a strong base.

Question 45

If lung problems like emphysema occur,the blood pH of the patient is expected to ________.

A)saturate
B)increase
C)decrease
D)stay the same
E)concentrate

Question 46

An aqueous solution with = 1.0 × 10^-12 has a pH of 12.0.

Question 47

When hyperventilation (rapid breathing)causes a patient to exhale large amounts of ,the blood pH rises in a condition called ________.

A)metabolic acidosis
B)metabolic alkalosis
C)respiratory acidosis
D)respiratory alkalosis
E)pulmonary distress

Question 48

The conjugate base of HF is F^-.

Question 49

HF is a strong acid.

Question 50

In any aqueous solution, = .

Question 51

When more reactant is added to a system iat equilibrium,the reverse reaction is favored.

Question 52

In any aqueous solution, = 1.0 × 10^-7.

Question 53

The conjugate base of H₂0 IS H₃O⁺.

Question 54

What is the name of the medical condition of an asthmatic patient with a blood pH of 7.30?

A)respiratory acidosis
B)respiratory alkalosis
C)metabolic acidosis
D)metabolic alkalosis
E)diabetes mellitus

Question 55

HBr is a strong acid.

Question 56

If the carbon dioxide level in the blood is too high,more carbonic acid is produced,and this results in the condition termed acidosis.

Question 57

A system is at equilibrium when the rate of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Question 58

The name of H₂SO₄ is hydrosulfuric acid.

Question 59

Strong acids react with Zn metal to produce H₂ gas.

Question 60

For many reactions of acids with bases,the resulting products are a salt and water.

Question 62

Alkalosis is the blood condition in which the blood pH is higher than normal.

Question 63

Identify each of the following compounds as an acid,a base,or neither.

A)base
B)neither
C)acid
1)HCl
2)NaOH
3)
4)
5)KOH
6)NaCl
7)NaN
8)

Question 65

Identify the following as acids,bases,or neutral solutions.

A)base
B)acid
C)neutral
9)has a sour taste
10)turns blue litmus paper red
11) O
12)
13)contains more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions
14)[ ] = 3.4 × M
15)[ ]= 2.8 × M
16)[ ] = 1.0 × M
17)has a pH = 4.5
18)pH =9.0

Question 67

In the following solutions,is the [OH-] greater than,less than,or equal to the [H₃O+]?

A)greater than
B)less than
C)equal to
19)acid
20)base
21)[ ] = 1.0 × M
22)[ ] = 1.0 × M
23)[ ] = 1 × M
24)pH = 2
25)pH = 9

Question 68

A buffer is a solution that tends to maintain a neutral pH.