Deck 20: Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry

Question 1

Which of the following species has the ground-state electron configuration [Ar]3d⁴?

A)Ti
B)V²⁺
C)Cr²⁺
D)Fe²⁺

Answer 1

Cr²⁺

Question 2

Which transition metal has the anomalous ground-state electron configuration: [Kr] 4d^10?

A)Rh
B)Pd
C)Ag
D)Cd

Answer 2

Pd

Question 3

What is the ground-state electron configuration for the element chromium (Z = 24)?

A)[Ne] 4s² 3d⁴
B)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁴
C)[Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵
D)[Ar] 3d⁶

Answer 3

[Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵

Question 4

What is the ground-state electron configuration for Co²⁺ (Z = 27)?

A)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁹
B)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁵
C)[Ar] 3d⁷
D)[Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁶

Question 5

What is the d orbital-filling diagram for Fe³⁺ (Z = 26)?

A)(A)
B)(B)
C)(C)
D)(D)

Question 6

Which first row transition element has the highest melting point?

A)Sc
B)V
C)Fe
D)Zn

Question 7

Which of the following elements is an inner transition metal?

A)Eu
B)Fe
C)Ru
D)Sc

Question 8

Which element is most likely to have an anomalous electron configuration?

A)Y
B)Tc
C)Ag
D)Cd

Question 9

What is the characteristic outer electron configuration for transition elements?

A)(n - 1)d^10-xns2
B)(n)d^10-xns2
C)(n + 1)d^10-xns1
D)(n - 1)d^10-x(n + 1)s²

Question 10

How many d electrons are there in MnO₄^-?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

Question 11

What is the ground-state electron configuration for the element cobalt (Z = 27)?

A)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁷
B)[Ar] 3d⁹
C)[Ar] 4s² 4p⁶ 5s¹
D)[Ar] 3d⁷

Question 12

In which blocks of the periodic table are the transition series and inner transition series elements found?

A)d,p
B)d,f
C)s,d
D)s,p

Question 13

What is the ground-state electron configuration for Cr in Cr₂O₇^2-?

A)[Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵
B)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁶
C)[Ar] 3d⁴
D)[Ar] 3d⁰

Question 14

Element M has the valence electron configuration 3d⁶ 4s².What is the valence electron configuration of The M³⁺ ion?

A)3d⁵
B)3d³ 4s²
C)3d⁴ 4s¹
D)3d⁹ 4s²

Question 15

Which is a third transition series element?

A)Al
B)Mg
C)Pr
D)Pt

Question 16

The number of transition series is

A)one
B)two
C)four
D)seven

Question 17

How many valence electrons does the element Co have?

A)2
B)7
C)8
D)9

Question 18

Which transition element has the highest melting point?

A)Fe
B)V
C)Mo
D)W

Question 19

Transition series elements are all

A)gases.
B)metals.
C)nonmetals.
D)semimetals.

Question 20

What two transition elements have the highest electrical conductivity of any elements at room temperature?

A)copper and iron
B)copper and silver
C)iron and chromium
D)silver and gold

Question 21

Which is the strongest oxidizing agent under acidic conditions?

A)Cr²⁺
B)Cr³⁺
C)CrO₄^2-
D)Cr₂O₇^2-

Question 22

Which of the following transition elements (Sc,Ti,V,Mn,and Cu)have positive oxidation potentials?

A)Sc
B)Cu
C)Sc,Ti,and V
D)Sc,Ti,V,and Mn

Question 23

Which of the following chromium species is the strongest acid?

A)Cr(OH)₂
B)Cr(OH)₃
C)CrO₂(OH)₂
D)CrO₄^2-

Question 24

What oxidation state(s)is(are)exhibited by all first row transition elements except scandium?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+2 and +3
D)+2,+3 and +4

Question 25

Which transition element is difficult to oxidize with hydronium ion?

A)Cr
B)Cu
C)Mn
D)Ti

Question 26

What are two of the major components of stainless steel?

A)iron and carbon
B)iron and chromium
C)iron and titanium
D)iron and tungsten

Question 27

What is the highest possible oxidation state for chromium?

A)+3
B)+4
C)+5
D)+6

Question 28

Which chromium species exists only under acidic conditions?

A)Cr(OH)₂
B)Cr(OH)₄^-
C)CrO₄^2-
D)Cr₂O₇^2-

Question 29

What chemical equation represents the best method for obtaining pure chromium?

A)FeCr₂O₄(s)+ 4 C(s)+ heat → Fe(s)+ 2 Cr(s)+ 4 CO(g)
B)Cr₂O₃(s)+ 2 Al(s)+ heat → 2 Cr(s)+ Al₂O₃(s)
C)Cr₂O₃(s)+ 2 Fe(s)+ heat → Fe₂O₃(s)+ 2 Cr(s)
D)Cr²⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)→ Cr(s)+ 2 H⁺(aq)

Question 30

What statement is most inconsistent about the chemistry of iron?

A)Iron(III)hydroxide is very soluble and reacts readily with hydroxide to form Fe(OH)₄^-.
B)Iron reacts with hydrochloric acid in the absence of air to yield iron(II)ion and hydrogen gas.
C)Iron reacts with nitric acid to yield iron(III)ion and nitric oxide.
D)The most common oxidation states of iron are +2 (ferrous)and +3 (ferric).

Question 31

In the two half-reactions shown below,which chromium species is the strongest oxidizing agent?
Cr₂O₇^2-(aq)+ 14 H⁺(aq)+ 6 e^- → 2 Cr³⁺(aq)+ 7 H₂O(l)E° = + 1.33 V
CrO₄^2-(aq)+ 4 H₂O(l)+ 6 e^- → Cr(OH)₃(s)+ 5 OH^-(aq)E° = - 0.13 V

A)Cr₂O₇^2-
B)Cr³⁺
C)CrO₄^2-
D)Cr(OH)₃

Question 32

What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: MnCl₂,Mn(OH)₃,MnO₂,KMnO₄?

A)MnCl₂
B)Mn(OH)₃
C)MnO₂
D)KMnO₄

Question 33

What statement is inconsistent with the chemistry of iron?

A)Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust.
B)Iron is obtained from the reduction of hematite (Fe₂O₃)and magnetite (Fe₃O₄)by carbon in a blast furnace.
C)Iron is a relatively hard metal and it is relatively unreactive with haloacids.
D)The majority of iron in a healthy human is present in the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin.

Question 34

What statement is most inconsistent with the chemistry of transition elements?

A)Bromide,chloride and iodide stabilize the higher oxidation states of the transition elements.
B)Early transition metal ions with the metal in its lowest oxidation state are good reducing agents.
C)Ions that have transition metal in their highest oxidation state tend to be good oxidizing agents.
D)The stability of the higher oxidation states increases down a periodic group.

Question 35

Though we would expect an increase in atomic radii going down a group from the second to the third transition series of elements,the actual radii are nearly identical.The term commonly used to describe this phenomenon is the ________.

A)atomic disparity
B)effective nuclear charge
C)lanthanide contraction
D)transition default

Question 36

What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: VCl₂,CrCl₃,KMnO₄,KReO₄?

A)VCl₂
B)CrCl₃
C)KMnO₄
D)KReO₄

Question 37

Which of the following elements has the highest density?

A)Cr
B)Ni
C)Os
D)Ta

Question 38

For transition elements,which of the following occurs as the effective nuclear charge increases?

A)The atomic radius increases.
B)The density increases.
C)Both the atomic radius and the density increase.
D)The atomic radius decreases and the density increases.

Question 39

Vanadium in the +5 oxidation is most often found as compounds of ________.

A)bromides
B)chlorides
C)fluorides
D)iodides

Question 40

Which is not a characteristic reaction of chromium metal or chromium(II)ion?

A)Cr(s)+ 2 H⁺(aq)→ Cr²⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)
B)4 Cr²⁺(aq)+ O₂(g)+ 4 H⁺(aq)→ 4 Cr³⁺(aq)+ 2 H₂O(l)
C)Cr(OH)₂(s)+ 2 H₃O⁺(aq)→ Cr²⁺(aq)+ 4 H₂O(l)
D)Cr(OH)₂(s)+ OH^-(aq)→ Cr(OH)₃^-(aq)

Question 41

Describe what happens when 3.0 M NH₃ is slowly added to an aqueous solution of CuSO₄.

A)A blue precipitate of Cu(OH)₂ forms.
B)A royal blue complex of [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is formed.
C)A blue precipitate of Cu(OH)₂ is formed which is then converted to the royal blue complex [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺.
D)A royal blue complex of [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is formed which then is converted to a blue precipitate of Cu(OH)₂.

Question 42

Which of the following can function as a bidentate ligand?

A)CO
B)OH^-
C)NH₃
D)C₂O₄^2-

Question 43

Ethylenediaminetetraacetate ion (EDTA^4-)is commonly referred to as a ________ ligand.

A)monodentate
B)bidentate
C)tetradentate
D)hexadentate

Question 44

What is the coordination number of the Fe atom in K₃[Fe(C₂O₄)₃]?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)6

Question 45

Which of the following can function as a chelating agent?

A)CN^-
B)CO
C)H₂NCH₂CH₂NH₂
D)NCS^-

Question 46

What is the compound responsible for the green patina seen on bronze monuments?

A)CuCO₃
B)Cu₂(OH)₂CO₃
C)Cu(OH)₂
D)Cu₂(OH)₂SO₄

Question 47

A chromium(III)ion forms a complex ion with two ammonia molecules and four thiocyanate ions.What is the formula of the complex ion?

A)[Cr(NH₃)₂(NCS)₄]³⁺
B)[Cr(NH₄)₂(NCS)₄]⁺
C)[Cr(NH₃)₂(NCS)₄]^-
D)[Cr(NH₃)₂(NCS)₄]^4-

Question 48

Which one of the following compounds is not consistent with the terminology of a complex?

A)[Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺
B)CuSO₄ ∙ 5H₂O
C)K₃[Fe(CN)₆]
D)[Cr(NH₃)₆]Cl₃

Question 49

Which of the following is a disproportionation reaction?

A)Cu₂S(l)+ O₂(g)→ 2 Cu(l)+ SO₂(g)
B)3 Cu(s)+ 2 NO₃-(aq)+ 8 H⁺(aq)→ 3 Cu²⁺(aq)+ 2 NO(g)+ 4 H₂O(l)
C)2 Cu⁺(aq)→ Cu(s)+ Cu²⁺(aq)
D)Cu²⁺(aq)+ 4 NH₃(aq)→ Cu(NH₃)₄²⁺(aq)

Question 50

What statement is inconsistent with the chemistry of copper?

A)It has a high electrical conductivity and is widely used to make electrical wiring.
B)It is commonly found in the elemental state.
C)It is a reddish colored metal that accounts for only 0.0068% of the earth's crust by mass.
D)It is used to make corrosion-resistant water pipes because it has a positive oxidation potential.

Question 51

Write the chemical formula for aquabromobis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III)chloride.

A)[CrBr(H₂O)(en)]Cl
B)[CrBr₂(H₂O)(en)]Cl₂
C)[CrBr(H₂O)(en)₂]Cl₂
D)[CrBr(H₂O)(en)₂]Cl₃

Question 52

Which of the following can function as a bidentate ligand?

A)CN^-
B)NCS^-
C)H₂NCH₂CO₂^-
D)All of these can function as bidentate ligands.

Question 53

What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: FeO,Fe₂O₃,Fe₃O₄,FeO₄^2-?

A)FeO
B)Fe₂O₃
C)Fe₃O₄
D)FeO₄^2-

Question 54

What is the oxidation state of the Cr atom in [Ni(en)₃]₃[Cr(CN)₆]₂?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+4
D)+6

Question 55

What is the coordination number of the Au atom in K [Au(CN)₂(SCN)₂]?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)6

Question 56

Which is a complex ion?

A)CrCl₃
B)CrO₄^2-
C)[Cr(H₂O)₆]³⁺
D)Cr₂O₇^2-

Question 57

Using the following reduction potentials for copper determine the unstable copper compound.
Cu⁺(aq)+ e^- → Cu(s)E° = +0.52 V
Cu²⁺(aq)+ e^- → Cu⁺(aq)E° = +0.15 V

A)CuCl
B)CuCl₂
C)CuSO₄
D)Cu(OH)₂

Question 58

Which ligand when bonded to a metal would be incorrectly named?

A)H₂O,aqua
B)NH₃,ammonia
C)CO,carbonyl
D)F^-,fluoro

Question 59

When the oxalate ion,C₂O₄^2- is bonded to the iron(III)ion in the complex ion [Fe(C₂O₄)₃]^3-,a ________-membered chelate ring is formed.

A)3
B)4
C)5
D)6

Question 60

What is the oxidation state of the Co atom in [Co(NH₃)₅Cl](NO₃)₂?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+4
D)+6

Question 61

What is the correct formula for tetraamminecarbonatoiron(III)chloride?

A)(NH₃)₄[FeCO₃]Cl
B)[Fe(CO₃)(NH₃)₄]Cl
C)[Fe(CO₃)(NH₃)₄]Cl₂
D)[Fe(CO₃)Cl(NH₃)₄]

Question 62

Which complex cannot exist as enantiomers?

A)[CoCl₂(H₂O)₄]⁺
B)[Co(en)₃]³⁺
C)cis-[CrCl₂(C₂O₄)₂]⁺
D)[Fe(C₂O₄)₂(en)]^-

Question 63

Which one of the following objects is chiral?

A)a bottle
B)a chair
C)a glass
D)a glove

Question 64

Write the chemical formula for pentaamminenitritocobalt(III)ion.

A)[Co(NO)(NH₃)₅]³⁺
B)[Co(NO₂)(NH₃)₅]²⁺
C)[Co(ONO)(NH₃)₅]²⁺
D)[Co(NH₃)₅(N₂O)]²⁺

Question 65

What is the name of the complex [Ni(en)₃]₃[Cr(CN)₆]₂?

A)ethylenediaminenickel(III)hexacyanochromate(II)
B)tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(III)hexacyanochromate(II)
C)tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)hexacyanochromate(III)
D)bis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)hexacyanochromate(III)

Question 66

Which complex is optically active?

A)[CoCl₄en]^2-
B)trans-[CrCl₂(en)₂]⁺
C)cis-[CrCl₂(en)₂]⁺
D)[PtCl₂(NH₃)₂]

Question 67

A complex ion that has a broad absorption band at 625 nm in its visible absorption spectrum will appear to be

A)blue
B)colorless
C)red
D)yellow

Question 68

The compounds [Cr(H₂O)₆]Cl₃ and [CrCl₃(H₂O)₃] ∙ 3H₂O are examples of ________.

A)diastereoisomers
B)enantiomers
C)ionization isomers
D)linkage isomers

Question 69

What is the name of the complex [Ni(H₂O)₄(NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂)]SO₄ ∙ 5H₂O?

A)aquaethylenediaminenickel(II)sulfate hydrate
B)tetraaquaethylenediaminenickel(II)sulfate pentahydrate
C)tetraaquabis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)sulfate pentahydrate
D)tetraaquabis(ethylenediamine)nickel(III)sulfate pentahydrate

Question 70

What is the name of the complex ion [AuBrCl(CN)₂]^-?

A)bromochlorodicyanogold(I)ion
B)bromochlorodicyanoaurate(III)ion
C)bromochlorodicyanoargentate(III)ion
D)bromochlorodicyanoaurate(IV)ion

Question 71

Which ion has cis and trans isomers?

A)[PdCl₃NH₃]^-
B)[Pt(CN)₅NH₃]^-
C)[PtCl₂(CN)₂]^2-
D)[Pt(C₂O₄)₂]^2-

Question 72

In order to form a neutral compound,hexafluoroaluminate would require

A)three K⁺ ions.
B)three Cl^- ions.
C)six Na⁺ ions.
D)six Br^- ions.

Question 73

Which definition best describes isomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other that rotate plane polarized light to the same degree but in opposite directions?

A)diastereoisomers
B)enantiomers
C)linkage isomers
D)racemic mixture

Question 74

Which pair of isomers illustrates the concept of ionization isomers?

A)[Cr(SCN)(NH₃)₅]²⁺ and [Cr(NCS)(NH₃)₅]²⁺
B)[CoCl(NH₃)₅]SO₄ and [Co(SO₄)(NH₃)₅]Cl
C)cis -[PtCl₂(NH₃)₂] and trans -[PtCl₂(NH₃)₂]
D)(+)-[Co(en)₃]³⁺ and (-)-[Co(en)₃]³⁺

Question 75

What hybridization scheme is used for Ni in the square planar complex of [Ni(CN)₄]^2-?

A)sp³
B)dsp²
C)dsp³
D)d^2sp3

Question 76

How many unpaired electrons are present in the high spin form of the [CoF₆]^3- complex and what metal orbitals are used in bonding?

A)0 unpaired electrons and 4s,4p and 4d orbitals to give sp^3d2
B)4 unpaired electrons and 4s,4p and 4d orbitals to give sp^3d2
C)0 unpaired electrons and 3d,4s,and 4p orbitals to give d^2sp3
D)4 unpaired electrons and 3d,4s,and 4p orbitals to give d^2sp3

Question 77

Identify the classification of isomers illustrated by [Co(NO₂)(NH₃)₅]²⁺ and [Co(ONO)(NH₃)₅]²⁺.

A)linkage isomers
B)ionization isomers
C)geometric isomers
D)optical isomers

Question 78

What type of hybrid orbitals are used by the Ti atom to form chemical bonds in the complex ion [Ti(H₂O)₆]³⁺?

A)sp³
B)dsp²
C)dsp³
D)d^2sp3

Question 79

Which metal ion is most likely to form a square planar complex ion with CN^-?

A)Co²⁺
B)Cu²⁺
C)Ni²⁺
D)Zn²⁺

Question 80

The complex cis-[CoCl(NH₃)(NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂)₂]²⁺ was resolved into optical isomers in 1911 by Alfred Werner,demonstrating the octahedral geometry of the ion.Name this complex ion.

A)cis-chloroammineethylenediaminecobalt(II)ion
B)cis-amminechloroethylenediaminecobalt(III)ion
C)cis-amminechlorobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(II)ion
D)cis-amminechlorobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III)ion