Deck 1: Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Question 1

What is the physical state in which matter has no specific shape but does have a specific volume?

A)gas
B)solid
C)liquid
D)salts
E)ice

Answer 1

liquid

Question 2

Which one of the following is often easily separated into its components by simple techniques such as filtering or decanting?

A)heterogeneous mixture
B)compounds
C)homogeneous mixture
D)elements
E)solutions

Answer 2

heterogeneous mixture

Question 3

In the following list, only __________ is not an example of a chemical reaction.

A)dissolution of a penny in nitric acid
B)the condensation of water vapor
C)a burning candle
D)the formation of polyethylene from ethylene
E)the rusting of iron

Answer 3

the condensation of water vapor

Question 4

Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched?

A)P, potassium
B)C, copper
C)Mg, manganese
D)Ag, silver
E)Sn, silicon

Question 5

A small amount of salt dissolved in water is an example of a __________.

A)homogeneous mixture
B)heterogeneous mixture
C)compound
D)pure substance
E)solid

Question 6

The law of constant composition applies to __________.

A)solutions
B)heterogeneous mixtures
C)compounds
D)homogeneous mixtures
E)solids

Question 7

Which states of matter are significantly compressible?

A)gases only
B)liquids only
C)solids only
D)liquids and gases
E)solids and liquids

Question 8

In the following list, only __________ is not an example of matter.

A)planets
B)light
C)dust
D)elemental phosphorus
E)table salt

Question 9

Which one of the following is a pure substance?

A)concrete
B)wood
C)salt water
D)elemental copper
E)milk

Question 10

The law of constant composition says __________.

A)that the composition of a compound is always the same
B)that all substances have the same composition
C)that the composition of an element is always the same
D)that the composition of a homogeneous mixture is always the same
E)that the composition of a heterogeneous mixture is always the same

Question 11

A combination of sand, salt, and water is an example of a __________.

A)homogeneous mixture
B)heterogeneous mixture
C)compound
D)pure substance
E)solid

Question 12

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical means, it is __________.

A)a compound
B)either an element or a compound
C)a homogeneous mixture
D)a heterogeneous mixture
E)an element

Question 13

Which of the following is an illustration of the law of constant composition?

A)Water boils at 100°C at 1 atm pressure.
B)Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass.
C)Water can be separated into other substances by a chemical process.
D)Water and salt have different boiling points.
E)Water is a compound.

Question 14

For which of the following can the composition vary?

A)pure substance
B)element
C)both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
D)homogeneous mixture
E)heterogeneous mixture

Question 15

Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched?

A)S, sodium
B)Tn, tin
C)Fe, iron
D)N, neon
E)B, bromine

Question 16

Of the following, only __________ is a chemical reaction.

A)melting of lead
B)dissolving sugar in water
C)tarnishing of silver
D)crushing of stone
E)dropping a penny into a glass of water

Question 17

An element cannot __________.

A)be part of a heterogeneous mixture
B)be part of a homogeneous mixture
C)be separated into other substances by chemical means
D)interact with other elements to form compounds
E)be a pure substance

Question 18

Which one of the following elements has a symbol that is not derived from its foreign name?

A)tin
B)aluminum
C)mercury
D)copper
E)lead

Question 19

Gases and liquids share the property of __________.

A)compressibility
B)definite volume
C)incompressibility
D)indefinite shape
E)definite shape

Question 20

Homogeneous mixtures are also known as __________.

A)solids
B)compounds
C)elements
D)substances
E)solutions

Question 21

You have to calculate the mass of a 30.0 mL liquid sample with density of 1.52 g/mL, but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?

A)If 1 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1.52 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of __________ g.
B)If 1.52 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of __________ g.

Question 22

Which of the following liquids has the greatest density?

A)13 with a mass of 23 g
B)3.5 cm³ with a mass of 10 g
C)0.022 cm³ with a mass of 0.10 g
D)54 cm³ with a mass of 45 g
E)210 cm³ with a mass of 12 g

Question 23

Of the objects below, __________ is the most dense.

A)an object with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg
B)an object with a volume of 139 mL and a mass of 93 g
C)an object with a volume of 0.00212 m³ and a mass of 4.22 × 10⁴ mg
D)an object with a volume of 3.91 × 10^-24 nm³ and a mass of 7.93 × 10^-1 ng
E)an object with a volume of 13 dm³ and a mass of 1.29 × 10³ g

Question 24

Of the following, __________ is the smallest mass.

A)25 kg
B)2.5 × 10^-2 mg
C)2.5 × 10¹⁵ pg
D)2.5 × 10⁹ fg
E)2.5 × 10¹⁰ ng

Question 25

Of the following, only __________ is an extensive property.

A)density
B)mass
C)boiling point
D)freezing point
E)temperature

Question 26

Which one of the following is the highest temperature?

A)38 °C
B)96 °F
C)302 K
D)none of the above
E)the freezing point of water

Question 27

Of the following, __________ is the largest mass.

A)25 kg
B)2.5 × 10^-2 mg
C)2.5 × 10¹⁵ pg
D)2.5 × 10⁹ fg
E)2.5 × 10¹⁰ ng

Question 28

Which one of the following is the highest temperature?

A)The boiling point of water
B)220 °F
C)373 K
D)100°C
E)All of the above are identical temperatures

Question 29

Which one of the following is not an intensive property?

A)density
B)temperature
C)melting point
D)mass
E)boiling point

Question 30

Which of the following are chemical processes? 1. rusting of a nail
2. freezing of water
3. decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
4. compression of oxygen gas

A)2, 3, 4
B)1, 3, 4
C)1, 3
D)1, 2
E)1, 4

Question 31

Which calculation clearly shows a conversion between temperatures in degrees Celsius, t(°C), and temperature in Kelvins, T(K)?

A)T(K)= t(°C)+ 273.15
B)T(K)= 273.15 - t(°C)
C)T(K)= [t(°C)- 32] / 1.8
D)T(K)= [t(°C)+ 32] × 1.8
E)T(K)= t(°C)

Question 32

Express the temperature, 422.35 K, in degrees Celsius.

A)792.23 °C
B)149.20 °C
C)695.50 °C
D)50.89 °C
E)22.78 °C

Question 33

You have to calculate the volume of a gas sample with mass of 1.000 × 10³ g and density of 1.027 g/L, but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?

A)If 1.027 g of a gas takes up a volume of 1 L, then 1.000 × 10³ g of the same gas takes up a volume of __________.
B)If 1.027 L of gas has a mass of 1 g, then __________ L has the mass of 1.000 × 10³ g.

Question 34

Gold has a density of 0.01932 kg/cm³. What volume (in cm³)would be occupied by a 33.3 g sample of gold?

A)0.663
B)5.80 x 10^-4
C)5.80
D)0.581
E)1.72

Question 35

Iron has a density of 7.9 g/cm³. What is the mass of a cube of iron with the length of one side equal to 55.0 mm?

A)2.1 x 10⁴ g
B)4.3 x 10² g
C)1.3 x 10³ g
D)1.4 g
E)2.3 x 10^-2 g

Question 36

Which one of the following is true about the liter?

A)It is the SI base unit for volume.
B)It is equivalent to a cubic decimeter.
C)It is slightly smaller than a quart.
D)It contains 10⁶ cubic centimeters.
E)It is slightly smaller than a gallon.

Question 37

In the following list, only __________ is not an example of a chemical reaction.

A)burning a plastic water bottle
B)the production of hydrogen gas from water
C)the tarnishing of a copper penny
D)chopping a log into sawdust
E)charging a cellular phone

Question 38

Which one of the following is an intensive property?

A)mass
B)temperature
C)heat content
D)volume
E)amount

Question 39

Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm³. What volume (in cm³)would be occupied by a 21.8 g sample of osmium?

A)0.965
B)1.04
C)493
D)2.03 × 10^-3
E)2.03 × 10³

Question 40

Which of the following is (are)the lowest temperature?

A)The freezing point of water
B)5 °C
C)30 °F
D)280 K
E)A and D

Question 41

The number with the most significant zeros is __________.

A)0.00002510
B)0.02500001
C)250000001
D)2.501 × 10^-7
E)2.5100000

Question 42

A wooden object has a mass of 10.782 g and occupies a volume of 13.72 mL. What is the density of the object determined to an appropriate number of significant figures?

A)8 × 10^-1 g/mL
B)7.9 × 10^-1 g/mL
C)7.86 × 10^-1 g/mL
D)7.859 × 10^-1 g/mL
E)7.8586 × 10^-1 g/mL

Question 43

Round the number 0.007222 to three significant figures.

A)0.007
B)0.00722
C)0.0072
D)0.00723
E)0.007225

Question 44

If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s², how fast will it be moving (in m/s)after 1.50 min? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.)

A)17
B)3.6
C)38
D)2.3 × 10³
E)0.060

Question 45

One angstrom, symbolized Å, is 10^-10 m. 1 cm³ = __________ ų

A)10²⁴
B)10^-24
C)10³⁰
D)10^-30
E)10^-9

Question 46

Precision refers to __________.

A)how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
B)how close a measured number is to the true value
C)how close a measured number is to the calculated value
D)how close a measured number is to zero
E)how close a measured number is to infinity

Question 47

Acceleration due to gravity of a free-falling object is 9.8 m/s². Express this in millimeters/millisecond².

A)9.8 × 10^-9
B)9.8 × 10³
C)9.8 × 10^-6
D)9.8 × 10⁶
E)9.8 × 10^-3

Question 48

Accuracy refers to __________.

A)how close a measured number is to zero
B)how close a measured number is to the calculated value
C)how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
D)how close a measured number is to the true value
E)how close a measured number is to infinity

Question 49

In which one of the following numbers are all of the zeros significant?

A)100.090090
B)0.143290
C)0.05843
D)0.1000
E)00.0030020

Question 50

Solids have a __________ shape and are not appreciably __________.

A)definite, compressible
B)definite, incompressible
C)indefinite, compressible
D)indefinite, incompressible
E)sharp, convertible

Question 51

Round the number 3456.5 to two significant figures.

A)3400.0
B)3400
C)3000
D)3500
E)3000.0

Question 52

In which one of the following numbers are none of the zeros significant?

A)100.0
B)1065
C)0.0100
D)1.003450
E)0.00001

Question 53

If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s², how long (in seconds)will it take to reach a speed of 550 m/s? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.)

A)22
B)1.4 × 10⁴
C)0.045
D)1.2 × 10⁴
E)2.3 × 10²

Question 54

Expressing a number in scientific notation __________.

A)changes its value
B)removes ambiguity as to the significant figures
C)removes significant zeros
D)allows to increase the number's precision
E)all of the above

Question 55

How many significant figures should be retained in the result of the following calculation? 12.00000 × 0.9893 + 13.00335 × 0.0107

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 56

Which of the following has the same number of significant figures as the number 1.00310?

A)1 × 10⁶
B)199.791
C)8.66
D)5.119
E)100

Question 57

Round the number 0.08535 to two significant figures.

A)0.09
B)0.086
C)0.0854
D)0.085
E)0.08535

Question 58

A cube of an unknown metal measures 1.61 mm on one side. The mass of the cube is 36 mg. Which of the following is most likely the unknown metal?

A)copper
B)rhodium
C)niobium
D)vanadium
E)zirconium

Question 59

How many significant figures are in the number 0.0034050?

A)3
B)4
C)5
D)6
E)7

Question 60

Which of the following is not an exact number?

A)The number of seconds in a year.
B)The number of millimeters in a kilometer.
C)The number of liters in a gallon.
D)The number of centimeters in an inch.
E)The number of grams in a kilogram.

Question 61

A common English set of units for expressing velocity is miles/hour. The SI unit for velocity is __________.

A)km/hr
B)km/s
C)m/hr
D)m/s
E)cm/s

Question 62

The initial or tentative explanation of an observation is called a(n)__________.

A)law
B)theory
C)hypothesis
D)experiment
E)test

Question 63

A separation process that depends on differing abilities of substances to form gases is called __________.

A)filtration
B)solvation
C)distillation
D)chromatography
E)All of the above are correct.

Question 64

The SI unit for mass is __________.

A)kilogram
B)gram
C)pound
D)troy ounce
E)none of the above

Question 65

The unit of force in the English measurement system is . The SI unit of force is the Newton, which is __________ in base SI units.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 66

Milli is the abbreviation for the prefix ________.

A)k
B)m
C)M
D)n
E)d

Question 67

1 kilogram = __________ milligrams

A)1 × 10^-6
B)1,000
C)10,000
D)1,000,000
E)none of the above

Question 68

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical processes, but can be decomposed into other substances by chemical processes, it is called a (an)__________.

A)heterogeneous mixture
B)element
C)homogeneous mixture
D)compound
E)mixture of elements

Question 69

1 picometer = __________ centimeters

A)1 × 10¹⁰
B)1 × 10^-10
C)1 × 10⁸
D)1 × 10^-8
E)1 × 10^-12

Question 70

The freezing point of water at 1 atm pressure is __________.

A)0 °F
B)0 K
C)0 °C
D)-273 °C
E)-32 °F

Question 71

__________ is the abbreviation for the prefix mega-.

A)k
B)m
C)M
D)n
E)d

Question 72

1 nanometer = __________ picometers

A)1000
B)0.1
C)0.01
D)1
E)10

Question 73

__________ is the chemical symbol for elemental sodium.

A)S
B)W
C)So
D)Na
E)Sn

Question 74

The SI unit of temperature is __________.

A)K
B)°C
C)°F
D)t
E)T

Question 75

Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. The SI unit for momentum is __________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 76

The length of the side of a cube having a density of 12.6 g/ml and a mass of 7.65 g is __________ cm.

A)3.20
B)0.847
C)1.02
D)0.584
E)1.32

Question 77

A one degree of temperature difference is the smallest on the __________ temperature scale.

A)Kelvin
B)Celsius
C)Fahrenheit
D)Kelvin and Celsius
E)Fahrenheit and Celsius

Question 78

A concise verbal statement or mathematical equation that summarizes a broad variety of observations and experiences is called a(n)__________.

A)law
B)theory
C)hypothesis
D)experiment
E)test

Question 79

The density of a gold nugget is 19.3 g/cm³. If the volume of the gold nugget is 0.00369 L, the mass of the nugget is __________.

A)71.2
B)0.191
C)19.3
D)5.23
E)none of the above

Question 80

A temperature of __________ K is the same as 63°F.

A)17
B)276
C)290
D)29
E)336