Deck 1: A: Foundations

Question 1

If,in a parallel universe,π has the value 3.14149,express π in that universe to four significant figures.

A) 3.141
B) 3.142
C) 3.1415
D) 3.1414

Answer 1

3.141

Question 2

If a woman weighs 125 lb,her mass expressed in kilograms is x kg,where x is

A) less than 125.
B) greater than 125.

Answer 2

less than 125.

Question 3

What is the difference between 103.5 and 102.24 written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 1
B) 1.3
C) 1.26
D) 1.260
E) 1.2600

Answer 3

1.3

Question 4

0)0001776 can also be expressed as

A) 1.776 × 10^-3.
B) 1.776 × 10^-4.
C) 17.72 × 10⁴.
D) 1772 × 10⁵.
E) 177.2 × 10⁷.

Question 5

If an operatic aria lasts for 5.75 min,its length expressed in seconds is x s,where x is

A) less than 5.75.
B) greater than 5.75.

Question 6

What is to the proper number of significant figures?

A) 0.91
B) 0.911
C) 0.9108
D) 0.9

Question 7

If a tree is 15 m tall,its height expressed in feet is x ft,where x is

A) less than 15.
B) greater than 15.

Question 8

What is the value of π(8.104)²,written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 206.324
B) 206.323
C) 206.3
D) 206
E) 200

Question 9

Scientists use the metric system chiefly because it is more accurate than the English system.

Question 10

Convert 1.2 × 10^-3 to decimal notation.

A) 1.200
B) 0.1200
C) 0.0120
D) 0.0012
E) 0.00012

Question 11

If a flower is 6.5 cm wide,its width expressed in millimeters is x mm,where x is

A) less than 6.5.
B) greater than 6.5.

Question 12

When determining the number of significant figures in a number,zeroes to the left of the decimal point are never counted.

Question 13

The number 0.003010 has

A) 7 significant figures.
B) 6 significant figures.
C) 4 significant figures.
D) 2 significant figures.

Question 14

0)00325 × 10^-8 cm can also be expressed in mm as

A) 3.25 × 10^-12 mm.
B) 3.25 × 10^-11 mm.
C) 3.25 × 10^-10 mm.
D) 3.25 × 10^-9 mm.
E) 3.25 × 10^-8 mm.

Question 15

The current definition of the standard second of time is based on

A) the frequency of radiation emitted by cesium atoms.
B) the earth's rotation rate.
C) the duration of one year.
D) the oscillation of a particular pendulum kept in France.

Question 16

What is the sum of 1123 and 10.3 written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 1.13 × 10³
B) 1133.3000
C) 1.1 × 10³
D) 1133.3
E) 1133

Question 17

The current definition of the standard meter of length is based on

A) the distance between the earth's equator and north pole.
B) the distance between the earth and the sun.
C) the distance traveled by light in a vacuum.
D) the length of a particular object kept in France.

Question 18

When adding two numbers,the number of significant figures in the sum is equal to the number of significant figures in the least accurate of the numbers being added.

Question 19

Write out the number 7.35 × 10^-5 in full with a decimal point and correct number of zeros.

A) 0.00000735
B) 0.0000735
C) 0.000735
D) 0.00735
E) 0.0735

Question 20

What is the sum of 1.53 + 2.786 + 3.3 written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 8
B) 7.6
C) 7.62
D) 7.616
E) 7.6160

Question 21

A person on a diet loses 1.6 kg in a week.How many micrograms/second (μg/s)are lost?

A) 2.6 × 10³ μg/s
B) 1.6 × 10⁵ μg/s
C) 44 μg/s
D) 6.4 × 10⁴ μg/s

Question 22

The following exact conversion equivalents are given: 1 m = 100 cm,1 in = 2.54 cm,and 1 ft = 12 in. If a computer screen has an area of 1.27 ft²,this area is closest to

A) 0.00284 m².
B) 0.0465 m².
C) 0.118 m².
D) 0.284 m².
E) 4.65 m².

Question 23

In addition to 1 m = 39.37 in.,the following exact conversion equivalents are given: 1 mile = 5280 ft,
1 ft = 12 in,1 hour = 60 min,and 1 min = 60 s. If a particle has a velocity of 8.4 miles per hour,its velocity,in m/s,is closest to

A) 3.8 m/s.
B) 3.0 m/s.
C) 3.4 m/s.
D) 4.1 m/s.
E) 4.5 m/s.

Question 24

What is 34 + (3)× (1.2465)written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 37.7
B) 37.74
C) 4 × 10¹
D) 38
E) 37.7395

Question 25

How many nanoseconds does it take for a computer to perform one calculation if it performs 6.7 × 10⁷ calculations per second?

A) 15 ns
B) 67 ns
C) 11 ns
D) 65 ns

Question 26

What is 56 + (32.00)/(1.2465 + 3.45)written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 62.8
B) 62.812
C) 62.81
D) 63
E) 62.8123846

Question 27

A plot of land contains 5.8 acres. How many square meters does it contain? [1 acre = 43,560 ft²]

A) 2.3 × 10⁴ m²
B) 7.1 × 10³ m²
C) 7.0 × 10⁴ m²
D) 5.0 × 10⁴ m²

Question 28

A weight lifter can bench press 171 kg.How many milligrams (mg)is this?

A) 1.71 × 10⁸ mg
B) 1.71 × 10⁹ mg
C) 1.71 × 10⁷ mg
D) 1.71 × 10⁶ mg

Question 29

What is 0.205^2/3,expressed to the proper number of significant figures?

A) 0.348
B) 0.35
C) 0.3
D) 0.3477

Question 30

The wavelength of a certain laser is 0.35 micrometers,where 1 micrometer = 1 × 10^-6 m. Express this wavelength in nanometers.

A) 3.5 × 10² nm
B) 3.5 × 10³ nm
C) 3.5 × 10¹ nm
D) 3.5 × 10⁴ nm

Question 31

The exhaust fan on a typical kitchen stove pulls 600 CFM (cubic feet per minute)through the filter.Given that 1.00 in.= 2.54 cm,how many cubic meters per second does this fan pull?

A) 0.283 m³/sec
B) 0.328 m³/sec
C) 3.05 m³/sec
D) 32.8 m³/sec

Question 32

Add 3685 g and 66.8 kg and express your answer in milligrams (mg).

A) 7.05 × 10⁷ mg
B) 7.05 × 10⁴ mg
C) 7.05 × 10⁵ mg
D) 7.05 × 10⁶ mg

Question 33

What is the product of 11.24 and 1.95 written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 22
B) 21.9
C) 21.92
D) 21.918
E) 21.9180

Question 34

Express (4.3 × 10⁶)^-1/2 in scientific notation.

A) 4.8 × 10^-4
B) 2.1 × 10³
C) 2.1 × 10^-5
D) 2.1 × 10⁴

Question 35

The shortest wavelength of visible light is approximately 400 nm. Express this wavelength in centimeters.

A) 4 × 10^-5 cm
B) 4 × 10^-7 cm
C) 4 × 10^-9 cm
D) 4 × 10^-11 cm
E) 400 × 10^-11 cm

Question 36

What is the result of 1.58 ÷ 3.793 written with the correct number of significant figures?

A) 4.1656 × 10^-1
B) 4.166 × 10^-1
C) 4.17 × 10^-1
D) 4.2 × 10^-1
E) 4 × 10^-1

Question 37

Convert a speed of 4.50 km/h to units of ft/min.(1.00 m = 3.28 ft)

A) 0.246 ft/min
B) 82.3 ft/min
C) 165 ft/min
D) 246 ft/min
E) 886 ft/min

Question 38

The length and width of a rectangle are 1.125 m and 0.606 m,respectively. Multiplying,your calculator gives the product as 0.68175. Rounding properly to the correct number of significant figures,the area should be written as

A) 0.7 m².
B) 0.68 m².
C) 0.682 m².
D) 0.6818 m².
E) 0.68175 m².

Question 39

A certain CD-ROM disk can store approximately 6.0 × 10² megabytes of information,where
10⁶ bytes = 1 megabyte. If an average word requires 9.0 bytes of storage,how many words can be stored on one disk?

A) 6.7 × 10⁷ words
B) 5.4 × 10⁹ words
C) 2.1 × 10⁷ words
D) 2.0 × 10⁹ words

Question 40

Albert uses as his unit of length (for walking to visit his neighbors or plowing his fields)the albert (A),the distance Albert can throw a small rock. One albert is 92 meters. How many square alberts is equal to one acre? (1 acre = 43,560 ft² = 4050 m²)

Question 41

Estimate the number of pennies that would fit in a box one foot long by one foot wide by one foot tall.

A) 5 × 10²
B) 5 × 10³
C) 5 × 10⁴
D) 5 × 10⁵
E) 5 × 10⁶

Question 42

Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a year?

A) 4 × 10⁵
B) 4 × 10⁶
C) 4 × 10⁷
D) 4 × 10⁸
E) 4 × 10⁹

Question 43

The motions of a car and a truck along a straight road are represented by the velocity-time graphs in the figure.The two vehicles are initially alongside each other at time t = 0.At time T,what is true about these two vehicles since time t = 0?

A) The truck will have traveled further than the car.
B) The car will have traveled further than the truck.
C) The truck and the car will have traveled the same distance.
D) The car will be traveling faster than the truck.

Question 44

The figure shows the position of an object as a function of time,with all numbers accurate to two significant figures. Between time t = 0.0 s and time t = 9.0 s
(a)what is the average speed of the object?
(b)what is the average velocity of the object?

Question 45

The figure shows the position of an object as a function of time. During the time interval from time
t = 0.0 s and time t = 9.0 s
(a)what is the length of the path the object followed?
(b)what is the displacement of the object?

Question 46

The graph in the figure shows the position of an object as a function of time.The letters H-L represent particular moments of time.At which moments shown (H,I,etc.)is the speed of the object
(a)the greatest?
(b)the smallest?

Question 47

A marathon is 26 mi and 385 yd long.Estimate how many strides would be required to run a marathon.Assume a reasonable value for the average number of feet/stride.

A) 4.5 × 10⁴ strides
B) 4.5 × 10³ strides
C) 4.5 × 10⁵ strides
D) 4.5 × 10⁶ strides

Question 48

The motion of a particle is described in the velocity versus time graph shown in the figure.We can say that its speed

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) increases and then decreases.
D) decreases and then increases.

Question 49

Approximately how many pennies would you have to stack to reach an average 8-foot ceiling?

A) 2 × 10²
B) 2 × 10³
C) 2 × 10⁴
D) 2 × 10⁵
E) 2 × 10⁶

Question 50

The height of the ceiling in a typical home,apartment,or dorm room is closest to

A) 100 cm.
B) 200 cm.
C) 400 cm.
D) 500 cm.

Question 51

Estimate the number of times the earth will rotate on its axis during a human's lifetime.

A) 3 × 10⁴
B) 3 × 10⁵
C) 3 × 10⁶
D) 3 × 10⁷
E) 3 × 10⁸

Question 52

Arthur and Betty start walking toward each other when they are 100 m apart.Arthur has a speed of
3.0 m/s and Betty has a speed of 2.0 m/s.Their dog,Spot,starts by Arthur's side at the same time and runs back and forth between them at 5.0 m/s.By the time Arthur and Betty meet,what distance has Spot run?

Question 53

An object starts its motion with a constant velocity of 2.0 m/s toward the east.After 3.0 s,the object stops for 1.0 s.The object then moves toward the west a distance of 2.0 m in 3.0 s.The object continues traveling in the same direction,but increases its speed by 1.0 m/s for the next 2.0 s.Which graph below could represent the motion of this object?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 54

The figure shows a graph of the velocity as a function of time for a basketball player traveling up and down the court in a straight-line path.For the 10 s shown on the graph,find
(a)the net displacement of the player.
(b)the total distance run by the player.

Question 55

A cat runs along a straight line (the x-axis)from point A to point B to point C,as shown in the figure.The distance between points A and C is 5.00 m,the distance between points B and C is 10.0 m,and the positive direction of the x-axis points to the right.The time to run from A to B is 20.0 s,and the time from B to C is 8.00 s. As the cat runs along the x-axis between points A and C
(a)what is the magnitude of its average velocity?
(b)what is its average speed?

Question 56

The figure shows the graph of the position x as a function of time for an object moving in the straight line (the x-axis).Which of the following graphs best describes the velocity along the x-axis as a function of time for this object?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 57

If the fastest you can safely drive is 65 mi/h,what is the longest time you can stop for dinner if you must travel 541 mi in 9.6 h total?

A) 1.0 h
B) 1.3 h
C) 1.4 h
D) You can't stop at all.

Question 58

Approximately how many times does an average human heart beat in a lifetime?

A) 3 × 10¹¹
B) 3 × 10¹⁰
C) 3 × 10⁹
D) 3 × 10⁸
E) 3 × 10⁷

Question 59

The figure represents the position of a particle as it travels along the x-axis. Between t = 2 s and t = 4 s,what is (a)the average speed of the particle and (b)the average velocity of the particle?

Question 60

The mass of a typical adult woman is closest to

A) 20 kg.
B) 35 kg.
C) 75 kg.
D) 150 kg.

Question 61

When can we be certain that the average velocity of an object is always equal to its instantaneous velocity?

A) always
B) never
C) only when the velocity is constant
D) only when the acceleration is constant
E) only when the acceleration is changing at a constant rate

Question 62

The position of an object is given by x = at³ - bt² + ct,where a = 4.1 m/s³,b = 2.2 m/s²,c = 1.7 m/s,and x and t are in SI units.What is the instantaneous acceleration of the object when t = 0.7 s?

A) -13 m/s²
B) 2.9 m/s²
C) 4.6 m/s²
D) 13 m/s²

Question 63

The figure represents the velocity of a particle as it travels along the x-axis.At what value (or values)of t is the instantaneous acceleration equal to zero?

A) t = 0
B) t = 0.5 s and t = 2 s
C) t = 1 s

Question 64

A racing car accelerates uniformly from rest along a straight track. This track has markers spaced at equal distances along it from the start,as shown in the figure. The car reaches a speed of 140 km/h as it passes marker 2.Where on the track was the car when it was traveling at 70 km/h?

A) Before marker 1
B) At marker 1
C) Between marker 1 and marker 2

Question 65

The figure shows the velocity of a particle as it travels along the x-axis.What is the direction of the acceleration at t = 0.5 s?

A) in the +x direction
B) in the -x direction
C) The acceleration is zero.

Question 66

Suppose that an object is moving with constant nonzero acceleration.Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning its motion?

A) In equal times its speed changes by equal amounts.
B) In equal times its velocity changes by equal amounts.
C) In equal times it moves equal distances.
D) A graph of its position as a function of time has a constant slope.
E) A graph of its velocity as a function of time is a horizontal line.

Question 67

Which one of the following graphs could possibly represent the vertical position as a function of time for an object in free fall?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 68

If an object is accelerating toward a point,then it must be getting closer and closer to that point.

Question 69

Two objects have masses m and 5m,respectively.They both are placed side by side on a frictionless inclined plane and allowed to slide down from rest.

A) It takes the lighter object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the heavier object.
B) It takes the lighter object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the heavier object.
C) It takes the heavier object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the lighter object.
D) It takes the heavier object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the incline than the lighter object.
E) The two objects reach the bottom of the incline at the same time.

Question 70

Suppose that a car traveling to the west (the -x direction)begins to slow down as it approaches a traffic light.Which statement concerning its acceleration in the x direction is correct?

A) Both its acceleration and its velocity are positive.
B) Both its acceleration and its velocity are negative.
C) Its acceleration is positive but its velocity is negative.
D) Its acceleration is negative but its velocity is positive.

Question 71

An object is moving with constant non-zero acceleration along the +x-axis.A graph of the velocity in the x direction as a function of time for this object is

A) a horizontal straight line.
B) a vertical straight line.
C) a straight line making an angle with the time axis.
D) a parabolic curve.

Question 72

If the acceleration of an object is negative,the object must be slowing down.

Question 73

Two objects are dropped from a bridge,an interval of 1.0 s apart,and experience no appreciable air resistance.As time progresses,the DIFFERENCE in their speeds

A) increases.
B) remains constant.
C) decreases.
D) increases at first, but then stays constant.
E) decreases at first, but then stays constant.

Question 74

An object is moving in a straight line along the x-axis.A plot of its velocity in the x direction as a function of time is shown in the figure.Which graph represents its acceleration in the x direction as a function of time?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 75

Two objects are thrown from the top of a tall building and experience no appreciable air resistance.One is thrown up,and the other is thrown down,both with the same initial speed.What are their speeds when they hit the street?

A) The one thrown up is traveling faster.
B) The one thrown down is traveling faster.
C) They are traveling at the same speed.

Question 76

The position of an object as a function of time is given by x = bt² - ct,where b = 2.0 m/s² and c = 6.7 m/s and x and t are in SI units.What is the instantaneous velocity of the object when t = 2.2?

A) 1.7 m/s
B) 2.1 m/s
C) 2.3 m/s
D) 2.7 m/s

Question 77

The velocity of an object is given by the expression v(t)= 3.00 m/s + (4.00 m/s³)t²,where t is in seconds. Determine the position of the object as a function of time if it is located at x = 1.00 m at time
T = 0.000 s.

A) (4.00 m/s)t + 1.00 m
B) (3.00 m/s)t + (1.33 m/s3)t³
C) (4.00 m/s)t
D) 1.33 m
E) 1.00 m + (3.00 m/s)t + (1.33 m/s³)t³

Question 78

The figure shows the position of an object (moving along a straight line)as a function of time.Assume two significant figures in each number.Which of the following statements about this object is true over the interval shown?

A) The object is accelerating to the left.
B) The object is accelerating to the right.
C) The acceleration of the object is in the same direction as its velocity.
D) The average speed of the object is 1.0 m/s.

Question 79

If the graph of the position as a function of time for an object is a horizontal line,that object cannot be accelerating.

Question 80

A ball is thrown directly upward and experiences no air resistance.Which one of the following statements about its motion is correct?

A) The acceleration of the ball is upward while it is traveling up and downward while it is traveling down.
B) The acceleration of the ball is downward while it is traveling up and upward while it is traveling down.
C) The acceleration is downward during the entire time the ball is in the air.
D) The acceleration of the ball is downward while it is traveling up and downward while it is traveling down but is zero at the highest point when the ball stops.