Deck 7: Training and Development

Question 1

Most organizations choose and implement training programs based on their overall strategic objectives.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Training methods all tend to utilize similar learning principles.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The HR department has the most important role in the orientation program because it is the centre of the organization-employee interface.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Performance-centred objectives are not widely used due to concerns about the potential for biased evaluation of results.

Question 5

The three different types of training needs analysis are organizational analysis,job knowledge analysis,and person analysis.

Question 6

Trainees are better able to learn if they can connect the new material with things that are already familiar to them.

Question 7

Although important in determining training program success,organizations conduct a needs assessment less than half the time before initiating a training program.

Question 8

Benchmarking is concerned with measuring employee retention of training materials at specific points in time.

Question 9

Trainee readiness refers to both maturity and experience factors in a trainee's background.

Question 10

Person analysis involves determining what the content of the training program should be,based on a study of the tasks or duties involved in the job.

Question 11

Classroom instruction is cost-effective because it allows the maximum number of trainees to be handled by the minimum number of instructors.

Question 12

Case studies are a useful method of giving participants experience at analyzing and synthesizing facts.

Question 13

Orientation is an ongoing process.

Question 14

The systems approach to training includes four phases: job analysis,job design,implementation,and evaluation.

Question 15

Knowledge of the subject is the most critical characteristic that determines instructor effectiveness.

Question 16

Training plays a central role in strengthening the competencies that give organizations their competitive advantage.

Question 17

Using participant reaction to evaluate training is the best way to determine training effectiveness.

Question 18

Apprenticeship programs are an extension of OJT that provide on- and off-the-job instruction.

Question 19

By increasing the anxiety of new employees,orientation efforts are more likely to be successful due to the effort/anxiety curve.

Question 20

Behaviour modification seeks to gradually shape trainee behaviour using reinforcement.

Question 21

"Transfer of training" relates to the training evaluation criterion "behaviour."

Question 22

Managers should focus considerable efforts on the training topic,rather than the individual learning needs of the trainee,to create an optimal training environment that is conducive to learning.

Question 23

Psychological principles of learning refer to the characteristics of training programs that help employees grasp new material,make sense of it in their own lives,and transfer it back to the job.

Question 24

Contrary to common thought,progressive organizations allow the supervisor to play a minor role in the new employee orientation process,since orientation is primarily the responsibility of the HR department.

Question 25

Organization analysis includes broad forces that impact the effectiveness of employees,such as mergers and acquisitions,technological change,and globalization.

Question 26

A solid training program should begin with effective design.

Question 27

The use of orientation checklists compels a supervisor to be more attentive to each employee.

Question 28

Data such as direct and indirect labour costs and unemployment rates determine an organization's training needs.

Question 29

Feedback to trainees is important for motivational purposes as well as knowledge of results.

Question 30

Behaviour modelling appears to work in helping managers to interact with employees,introduce change,and handle discipline.

Question 31

Internship programs benefit students,but rarely benefit employers.

Question 32

The benefits of an orientation program include lower turnover,improved morale,and facilitation of learning.

Question 33

"We learn best by watching" summarizes the learning principle known as "modelling."

Question 34

The distinction between simulation and simple computer-based training is blurring due to advances in information technology.

Question 35

Team building is a relatively simple process.

Question 36

Behaviour modelling is an approach that demonstrates desired behaviour and gives trainees the chance to practise and role-play those behaviours and receive feedback.

Question 37

Although on-the-job training (OJT)is generally regarded as the most effective means of facilitating learning at the workplace,it is often the most poorly implemented.

Question 38

Most employees prefer the freedom and flexibility of e-learning to traditional classroom training.

Question 39

Most executives believe that formal orientation programs are effective in helping to retain and motivate employees.

Question 40

The systems approach to training involves (1)needs assessment,(2)program design,(3)implementation,and (4)evaluation.

Question 41

The primary purpose in training employees is to help them get socialized to the organization.

Question 42

Organization B is very keen to get the most benefit out of its training budgets and efforts.Which of the following plans is most likely to help Organization B's employees utilize their new training when they are back at their desks?

A)have employees hand in summaries of how they have used their training in their job
B)devote a large part of the budget to vestibule training
C)have the training mimic the actual work situation as closely as possible; train employees on how to implement their new training even when they are faced with roadblocks
D)have employees exposed to both massed and distributed practice

Question 43

What are the steps in behaviour modelling?

A)design,learning points,reinforcement,and feedback
B)learning points,implementation,role-play,and feedback
C)design,implementation,role-play,and feedback
D)learning points,modelling,role-play,and feedback

Question 44

What is a common index used to calculate the benefits of a training program relative to its costs?

A)cost of living index
B)return on capital
C)return on investment
D)productivity index

Question 45

The success of any training effort depends more upon the content of the program than on the teaching skills and personal characteristics of those conducting the training.

Question 46

Due to its importance to planning future training initiatives,most organizations go to great lengths to accurately evaluate training programs.

Question 47

In assessing the effectiveness of a training program,which of the following is the most useful information for an HR manager to use?

A)how many employees signed up for it
B)the average employee reaction to it
C)how it helped to reduce wasted materials
D)the costs for running it

Question 48

Training is oriented towards broadening employees' individual skills for future responsibility.

Question 49

What is the most common training delivery method for formally training employees?

A)traditional classroom instruction
B)internship training
C)online instruction
D)on-the-job training

Question 50

The task analysis portion of organization analysis is shifting from emphasis on a fixed schedule of tasks to a flexible set of competencies needed for performance.

Question 51

Behavioural and process skills needed for team training need to be acquired through participative exercises.

Question 52

Which training method is often used to train personnel to operate aircraft,spacecraft,and other highly technical and expensive equipment?

A)the vestibule method
B)the classroom method
C)the simulation method
D)the apprenticeship method

Question 53

Practising job tasks enables the trainee to forget about distinct behaviours and become proficient on the subtleties of how they are used.

Question 54

Employees in similar jobs usually have similar levels of motivation with respect to learning.

Question 55

Role-playing consists of assuming the attitudes and behaviour of others,often a supervisor and a subordinate.

Question 56

Orientation is the formal process of familiarizing new employees with the organization,their job,and their work unit.

Question 57

Which of the following best describes the strategic approach to training?

A)It is the most cost-effective approach.
B)It ensures that training investments have maximum impact on performance.
C)It is called development.
D)It includes the process of job analysis.

Question 58

Which of the following best describes orientation programs?

A)The impact of an orientation program on new employees does not last a long time.
B)There is no need for coordination between line and staff managers when it comes to orientation programs.
C)Careful planning of orientation activities is essential.
D)The most popular approach to orientation involves allowing new employees to be oriented by their peers.

Question 59

Orientation programs stress the "why" rather than the "what," including the philosophy behind the organization's rules.

Question 60

Depending on the activities involved,classroom instruction is often referred to as "self-directed learning."

Question 61

In terms of training techniques,on which of the following principles does behaviour modification operate?

A)A behaviour that is rewarded will be exhibited more frequently.
B)Equity and fairness are important motivators.
C)Employees must change their behaviours to ensure organizational success.
D)Successful trainers modify employees' behaviours.

Question 62

When designers of training programs attempt to make conditions in the training program come as close as possible to those on the job,which of the following are they attempting to improve?

A)reactions
B)readiness
C)transfer
D)motivation

Question 63

In which stage of needs assessment are issues such as technological change and globalization assessed in training programs?

A)task analysis
B)environmental analysis
C)person analysis
D)organization analysis

Question 64

Which technique for training managers emphasizes handling real-life employee problems and receiving immediate feedback?

A)the leaderless group
B)the management game
C)the case study
D)behaviour modelling

Question 65

As part of his training for a new manufacturing process,Lee Li had to attend classroom sessions taught by an instructor,as well as online sessions that included video recordings and a discussion forum.What method of training Lee has experienced?

A)self-directed training
B)blended learning
C)simulated training
D)e-learning

Question 66

Omega Organization is going through a very detailed process of looking at all the tasks or duties included in a job.It will then list all the steps performed by the employee to complete each task,and then look to examine the skills and knowledge necessary for the job.Which process is Omega Organization performing?

A)task analysis
B)job analysis
C)person analysis
D)competency analysis

Question 67

ABC Corporation measures its own services and practices against the recognized leaders in the industry in order to identify areas for improvement.What is this process called?

A)benchmarking
B)strategic imitation
C)modelling
D)environmental analysis

Question 68

In which stage in the training needs assessment are job descriptions and job specifications reviewed?

A)task analysis
B)person analysis
C)organizational analysis
D)job analysis

Question 69

Which of the following is the simplest method to evaluate a training program?

A)learning
B)reactions
C)behaviour
D)results

Question 70

As part of his training,Alexandria had to assume the attitudes and behaviours of others.Which training method is evident in this example?

A)blended learning
B)role-playing
C)simulation study
D)case study

Question 71

What position is most likely to benefit from implementing an ethics training program?

A)an air traffic controller
B)a weather forecaster
C)a buyer of leather goods for a leading national retailer
D)an HR manager

Question 72

In the design of training programs,what should instructional objectives centre on?

A)performance
B)attitudes
C)financial outcomes
D)social outcomes

Question 73

A combination of on-the-job training,seminars,conferences,classroom instruction,and role-playing would be a good assortment of learning methods for which group of employees?

A)interns
B)new managers
C)experienced front-line staff
D)new employees at all levels

Question 74

Organization analysis,task analysis,and person analysis are all part of which phase of the strategic and systemic approach?

A)the training and development phase
B)the needs assessment phase
C)the analysis phase
D)the evaluation phase

Question 75

Which of the following organizations would be well-suited and likely to benefit from the implementation of "cross-training" of teams?

A)a document delivery company that has drivers and pilots who operate various trucks and aircraft
B)a robotics company that needs each employee to have specific and high level skills and training
C)an auto parts manufacturing company that has an assembly line where employees are likely to get bored
D)a photocopy shop where there are various tasks to be performed all with one machine

Question 76

In determining training needs,which statement best describes person analysis?

A)It has shifted from a fixed sequence of tasks to a set of competencies.
B)It involves self-improvement and self-directed training.
C)It helps organizations decide which employees need training.
D)It examines the external labour market for needed skills.

Question 77

What is the main issue with organizations putting too much weight on the "reactions" aspect of training evaluation?

A)Unless the training is linked to organizational strategy,it is not informative that reactions were good.
B)Positive reaction data may not mean the training was effective.
C)This information has to be integrated into an analysis with the other four phases of evaluation.
D)This aspect of training is not measurable.

Question 78

Which learning method would be well-suited to teach air-traffic controllers how use the radar display?

A)the simulation method
B)programmed instruction
C)audiovisual learning
D)on-the-job training

Question 79

An effective onboarding program can best help with which of the following issues?

A)culture shock
B)exit interviews
C)training transfer
D)pay banding

Question 80

What is the relationship of goal-setting to feedback and reinforcement?

A)Goal setting and feedback are both important principles of learning.
B)Goal setting is useless unless employees know how they performed through constant feedback.
C)Goal-setting and feedback are symbiotic.
D)Goal setting and feedback are reciprocal in nature.