Deck 6: Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement and Sampling

Question 1

___________ uses some standard or criterion to indicate a construct accurately.The validity of an indicator is verified by comparing it with another measure of the same construct in which a researcher has confidence.

A)Concurrent validity
B)Predictive validity
C)Content validity
D)Criterion validity

Answer 1

D

Question 2

________________ means that multiple measures of the same construct hang together or operate in similar ways.

A)Discriminant validity
B)Convergent validity
C)Construct validity
D)Criterion validity

Answer 2

B

Question 3

____________ addresses the question,Is the full content of a definition represented in a measure? A conceptual definition holds ideas;it is a "space" containing ideas.Measures should sample or represent all ideas or areas in that conceptual space.

A)Concurrent validity
B)Predictive validity.
C)Content validity
D)Criterion validity

Answer 3

C

Question 4

_________________ is a level of measurement that identifies differences among variable attributes,ranks categories,and measures distance between categories,but there is no true zero.

A)Ordinal-level measurement
B)Ratio-level measurement
C)Nominal-level measurement
D)Interval-level measurement

Question 5

_________________ is the highest,most precise level of measurement;variable attributes can be rank ordered,the distance between them precisely measured,and there is an absolute zero.

A)Ordinal-level measurement
B)Ratio-level measurement
C)Nominallevel measurement
D)Interval-level measurement

Question 6

_______________ is reliability across various groups or different populations of people.

A)Stability reliability
B)Representative reliability
C)Equivalence reliability
D)Face validity

Question 7

_____________ relies on the occurrence of a future event or behavior that is logically consistent to verify the indicator of a construct.

A)Concurrent validity
B)Predictive validity
C)Content validity
D)Criterion validity

Question 8

_________________indicates only that there is a difference among categories with no ranking of those categories implied.

A)Ordinal-level measurement
B)Ratio-level measurement
C)Nominal-level measurement
D)Interval-level measurement

Question 9

_____________ is the process of taking a rough or vague idea and refining it by giving it a conceptual or theoretical definition.

A)Validity
B)Reliability
C)Operationalization
D)Conceptualization

Question 10

___________ suggests accuracy.It refers to how accurately a measure fits with reality.

A)Validity
B)Reliability
C)Operationalization
D)Conceptualization

Question 11

Continuous variables have an infinite number of values or attributes that flow along a continuum.The values can be divided into many smaller increments;in mathematical theory,there is an infinite number of increments.

Question 12

__________________ level of measurement that identifies a difference among categories of a variable and allows the categories to be rank ordered as well.

A)Ordinal-level measurement
B)Ratio-level measurement
C)Nominal-level measurement
D)Interval-level measurement

Question 13

_______________ applies when researchers use multiple measurement indicators (e.g. ,several items in a questionnaire all measure the same construct).

A)Stability reliability
B)Representative reliability
C)Equivalence reliability
D)face validity

Question 14

________________,means that the indicators of one construct hang together or converge but also are negatively associated with opposing constructs.

A)Discriminant validity
B)Convergent validity
C)Construct validity
D)Criterion validity

Question 15

The easiest to achieve and the most basic kind of validity is ___________.It is a judgment by the scientific community that the indicator really measures the construct.

A)Stability reliability
B)Representative reliability
C)Equivalence reliability
D)Face validity

Question 16

____________ links a conceptual definition to a specific set of quantitative measurement techniques or procedures.

A)Validity
B)Reliability
C)Operationalization
D)Conceptualization

Question 17

To have___________,an indicator must be associated with a preexisting indicator that is already judged to be valid (i.e. ,it has face validity).

A)Concurrent validity
B)Predictive validity
C)Content validity
D)Criterion validity

Question 18

____________means dependability or consistency.It suggests that if the same measure is repeated or recurs under similar conditions,the same result will occur.

A)Validity
B)Reliability
C)Operationalization
D)Conceptualization

Question 19

_______________ refers to how reliable a measure is across time.

A)Stability reliability
B)Representative reliability
C)Equivalence reliability
D)Face validity

Question 20

_______________ addresses the question,Does the measure actually measure accurately the object of study? This is the most basic form of measurement validity because it requires conceptual definitions that have clearly specified boundaries.

A)Discriminant validity
B)Convergent validity
C)Construct validity
D)Criterion validity

Question 21

Scales are a measuring technique in which a researcher adds or combines numerous indicators of a construct into a single score (if you remember,a type of triangulation).

Question 22

Indexes attempt to capture the intensity,direction,or potency of a variable construct (e.g. ,measuring feelings toward something using "very likely," "likely," "not sure," "unlikely," "very unlikely").

Question 23

Explain the different types of probability sampling.

Question 24

Haphazard sampling is a nonrandom sample in which the researcher first identifies general categories into which cases or people will be selected,and then he or she selects cases to reach a predetermined number of cases in each category.

Question 25

Sampling ratio is a sample in which the sampling elements are selected using something other than a mathematically random process.

Question 26

List and describe the types of measurement reliability and validity.

Question 27

Discrete variables have a relatively fixed set of separate values or variable attributes.Instead of a smooth continuum of values,discrete variables contain distinct categories.They are measured at the ordinal and interval levels.

Question 28

Levels of measurement is an insignificant an rarely used research methods idea.It states that we can measure a concept at similar levels of precision and specificity.

Question 29

What are the differences and similarities between quantitative and qualitative measurement?

Question 30

Nonrandom sample is the number of cases in the sample divided by the number of cases in the population or the sampling frame,or the proportion of the population in a sample.

Question 31

In simple random sampling,a researcher develops an accurate sampling frame,selects cases from the sampling frame according to a mathematically random procedure,and then locates the exact case that was selected for inclusion in the sample.

Question 32

Quota sampling is a nonrandom sample in which the researcher selects anyone he or she happens to come across.