Deck 32: Principles of Automated Differential Analysis

Question 1

What does "backlighting" refer to in the Coulter S Plus IV instrument?

A) Out-of-range results
B) The presence of abnormal cells or interferences
C) The possibility of erroneous or abnormal results
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

The RDW is calculated as the coefficient of variation (CV) of the __________.

A) Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
B) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
C) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
D) Mean platelet volume (MPV)
E) None of the above

Answer 2

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

Question 3

An example of a WBC count measured by automated methods that would require a manual differential by certain laboratories is:

A) <4.0  10⁹/L
B) 5.5-10.0  10⁹/L
C) >15.0  10⁹/L
D) A, B, and C
E) A and C

Answer 3

A and C

Question 4

The Technicon methodology for differential cell analysis differs from the Coulter S Plus IV methodology in what respect?

A) Cell volume
B) Light scatter
C) Cytochemistry
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 5

The MPV is equivalent to the MCV and is __________ proportional to the platelet count in the Coulter S Plus IV platelet histogram.

A) Directly
B) Indirectly
C) Inversely
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 6

In the platelet histogram analysis by the Coulter S Plus IV automated instrument, particles with volume in the range of __________ are counted.

A) 5-10 fL
B) 10-20 fL
C) 2-20 fL
D) 20-30 fL
E) >30 fL

Question 7

An R1 (region 1) flag on the Coulter S Plus IV instrument represents the far left of the WBC histogram and is an indication of which possible abnormality?

A) Cryoglobulins
B) Blasts
C) Eosinophilia
D) Immature granulocytes
E) None of the above

Question 8

In the Coulter WBC differential technology, volume conductivity scattering (VCS) technology is particularly useful for identifying __________.

A) Myelocytes
B) Eosinophils
C) Lymphocytes
D) Plasma cells
E) None of the above

Question 9

Where would an R3 (region 3) flag be located on a Coulter S Plus IV WBC histogram?

A) Far left
B) Between lymphocytes and monocytes
C) Between monocytes and granulocytes
D) Far right
E) None of the above

Question 10

In the Coulter S Plus IV differential analysis of WBCs, those cells with volume ranging from 160 to 450 fL are classified as __________.

A) Lymphocytes
B) Granulocytes
C) Mononuclear cells
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 11

On a Coulter WBC scatterplot, clusters of cells are identified as __________ based on their relative position on the scatterplot.

A) Monocytes
B) Eosinophils
C) Lymphocytes
D) Neutrophils
E) All of the above

Question 12

Particles with a volume of greater than 36 fL and less than or equal to 360 fL are identified as __________ on a Coulter S Plus IV histogram analysis.

A) Granulocytes
B) Red blood cells
C) Mononuclear cells
D) Lymphocytes
E) All of the above

Question 13

The red cell distribution width (RDW) generated by an automated hematology analyzer represents _________.

A) Poikilocytosis
B) Anisocytosis
C) Granulocytosis
D) Monocytosis
E) None of the above

Question 14

Applications of cell volume analysis in the Coulter S Plus IV differential provide information about which cell type?

A) Granulocytes
B) Lymphocytes
C) Mononuclear cell fraction
D) Erythrocytes
E) None of the above

Question 15

Conductivity measurements in Coulter VCS technology aid in differentiating between cells that are similar in __________.

A) Size
B) Shape
C) Hemoglobin content
D) Iron content
E) None of the above

Question 16

Conductivity measurements in the Coulter VCS technology are made using a high-frequency electromagnetic probe and reflect the __________ properties of the cells.

A) Nuclear
B) Granular
C) Chemical
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 17

In the Coulter S Plus IV differential analysis of WBCs, those cells with volume ranging from 90 to 160 fL are classified as __________.

A) Lymphocytes
B) Granulocytes
C) Mononuclear cells
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 18

The Coulter S Plus IV differential of granulocytes by cell volume consists of:

A) Metamyelocytes
B) Segmented neutrophils
C) Bands
D) Eosinophils
E) All of the above

Question 19

The platelet distribution width (PDW) measures uniformity of platelet size and is equivalent to the __________ for red cells.

A) MCV
B) RDW
C) MCHC
D) MCH
E) None of the above

Question 20

The Coulter S Plus IV automated differential generates three histograms representing __________ volume distributions.

A) White blood cell (WBC)
B) RBC
C) Platelet
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 21

In the Technicon H1, leukocyte analysis involves staining with peroxidase in a heated chamber with lysis of platelets and __________.

A) RBCs
B) WBCs
C) Mononuclear cells
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 22

In the Technicon H1, cells are counted as they pass in front of a laser beam by a __________ detector.

A) Cell volume
B) Conductivity
C) Light scatter
D) Ion
E) None of the above

Question 23

Enumeration and identification of blood cells by the Technicon H1 automated blood analyzer is based on optical __________.

A) Flow cytometry
B) Cytochemistry
C) Light scatter
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 24

The Technicon H1 instrument identifies and grades (1+ to 4+) various RBC abnormalities including:

A) Microcytosis
B) Macrocytosis
C) Hypochromia
D) Hyperchromia
E) All of the above

Question 25

In Technicon H1 technology, red cells and platelets are counted based on their __________ properties.

A) Conductance
B) Light scattering
C) Cell volume
D) Ion exchange
E) None of the above