Deck 9: A: Deviance

Question 1

Biological factors,including genetics,explain most criminal behavior.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Travis Hirschi's control theory makes the point that people who commit crime typically have little concern about the consequences of their behavior.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is considered deviant is mostly the same behavior all around the world.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Walter Reckless and Simon Dinitz developed containment theory,which claims that a strong superego helps boys stay out of trouble.

Question 5

Corporate crime refers to stealing or other crimes committed against a corporation or other large business.

Question 6

Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz charges that the label of "insanity" is widely applied to behavior that is actually only "different."

Question 7

The medicalization of deviance idea points to the fact that most crimes are committed by people under the influence of an illegal drug.

Question 8

Organized crime refers to supplying legal goods and services at below market prices.

Question 9

The stigma of deviance can encourage an individual to engage in further deviance.

Question 10

Albert Cohen suggested that lower-class youths form delinquent subcultures to gain the self-respect society as a whole denies them.

Question 11

Emile Durkheim's analysis suggests it would be impossible for a society to completely eliminate deviance.

Question 12

Caesare Lombroso,an Italian physician and criminologist,claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Question 13

According to the social-conflict approach,deviance has a number of functions for the operation of society as a whole.

Question 14

Crime is only one type of deviance.

Question 15

Labeling theory stresses that some actions are always wrong and others are always right.

Question 16

The only Canadian Prime Minister who was never involved in a financial scandal was the first one,John A.Macdonald.

Question 17

Both violent and property crimes peaked in Canada and the U.S.in the early 1990s

Question 18

A poor person who has little chance to go to college and who sells illegal drugs to make money is one example of a deviant "innovator."

Question 19

"Primary deviance" refers to the most serious offenses.

Question 20

Robert Merton claimed that the "strains of masculinity" are one important cause of crime.

Question 21

Probation and parole are two types of community-based corrections.

Question 22

People of Arabic,Asian and Indian (not Aboriginal)origin are less likely than whites to be imprisoned.

Question 23

Frideres and Godacz note that Aboriginals are less likely than whites to be homicide suspects in most major Canadian cities.

Question 24

In the Prairie Provinces,47% of female prisoners in federal prisons are Aboriginal.

Question 25

In general,people of higher social class position are less likely to be arrested for street crimes than people of lower class position.

Question 26

The use of the death penalty differs across countries,but not time.

Question 27

The old saying,"An eye for an eye," expresses the essence of rehabilitation.

Question 28

Today in Canada,women are arrested for serious street crime as often as men are.

Question 29

Where Aboriginal peoples represent 2% of the Canadian population,15.4% of female prisoners are Aboriginal.