Deck 2: Seciton 4: Beginnings: Theories of Development

Question 1

According to John Watson, psychologists should study observable behavior.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A developmental theory is a systematic statement of general principles that provides a framework for understanding how and why people change as they grow older.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Carl Rogers thought that unconditional positive regard should be reserved for those who accomplish the most in a given society.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A norm is an average or usual event or experience.

Question 5

Theories undermine the development of hypotheses.

Question 6

The needs on Maslow's hierarchy are physiological; safety; love and belonging; esteem; and self-actualization.

Question 7

Piaget's first stage of cognitive development is the preoperational stage.

Question 8

Sociocultural learning is passive.

Question 9

According to Freud, the first stage of psychosexual development during infancy is the anal stage.

Question 10

Sociocultural theory states that human development results from the dynamic interaction between a person's genes and their unconscious drives.

Question 11

Maslow's first level of needs involves physiological needs.

Question 12

In classical conditioning, a meaningful stimulus becomes linked to a neutral stimulus.

Question 13

Erikson's stages of psychosocial development cover only the early years of life.

Question 14

In operant conditioning, an individual follows a modeled behavior.

Question 15

A father operates in a zone of proximal development when he helps his daughter learn how to ride a bike by herself through adjusting the level of support he provides her.

Question 16

Newer theories on development tend to be multicultural and multidisciplinary.

Question 17

Maslow's idea of self-actualization refers to the meeting of physiological needs.

Question 18

The foundation of psychoanalytic theory is inner drives, motives, and unconscious needs.

Question 19

Social learning theory compares human thinking processes to computer analysis of data.

Question 20

Cognitive theory is also called modeling.

Question 21

Developmentalists who subscribe to the eclectic perspective select what they consider to be the best aspects of each theory to explain development.

Question 22

Evolutionary theory is based on the idea that thoughts and expectations affect actions.

Question 23

Preferences for emotional and sexual faithfulness between romantic partners have been explained from an evolutionary perspective.

Question 24

According to evolutionary theory, every species has two long-standing, biologically based drives: survival and reproduction.