Exam 2: Seciton 4: Beginnings: Theories of Development

Piaget's first stage of cognitive development is the preoperational stage.

A father operates in a zone of proximal development when he helps his daughter learn how to ride a bike by herself through adjusting the level of support he provides her.

Evolutionary theory is based on the idea that thoughts and expectations affect actions.

According to Freud, the first stage of psychosexual development during infancy is the anal stage.

Theories undermine the development of hypotheses.

Maslow's idea of self-actualization refers to the meeting of physiological needs.

The needs on Maslow's hierarchy are physiological; safety; love and belonging; esteem; and self-actualization.

Developmentalists who subscribe to the eclectic perspective select what they consider to be the best aspects of each theory to explain development.

According to John Watson, psychologists should study observable behavior.

A developmental theory is a systematic statement of general principles that provides a framework for understanding how and why people change as they grow older.

Maslow's first level of needs involves physiological needs.

Sociocultural learning is passive.

Carl Rogers thought that unconditional positive regard should be reserved for those who accomplish the most in a given society.

Sociocultural theory states that human development results from the dynamic interaction between a person's genes and their unconscious drives.

The foundation of psychoanalytic theory is inner drives, motives, and unconscious needs.

Preferences for emotional and sexual faithfulness between romantic partners have been explained from an evolutionary perspective.

According to evolutionary theory, every species has two long-standing, biologically based drives: survival and reproduction.

Social learning theory compares human thinking processes to computer analysis of data.

Erikson's stages of psychosocial development cover only the early years of life.

Newer theories on development tend to be multicultural and multidisciplinary.