Deck 50: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Articular cartilage is avascular and

A) incapable of regeneration.
B) nonliving.
C) nourished by synovial fluid.
D) rarely damaged.

Answer 1

nourished by synovial fluid.

Question 2

Moderate stretching of a muscle at rest results in a(n)

A) more forceful contraction when stimulated.
B) inefficient use of ATP.
C) more rapid onset of muscle fatigue.
D) reduced force of contraction.

Answer 2

more forceful contraction when stimulated.

Question 3

Ligaments connect bones to bones, whereas tendons connect muscles to bones.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

When a muscle lengthens while it is contracting, the contraction is called isometric.

Question 5

Creatine phosphate is a(n)

A) enzyme that hydrolyzes ATP for energy.
B) storage form of muscle energy.
C) waste product of muscle metabolism.
D) toxin that produces muscle fatigue.

Question 6

Osteoclast activity leads to

A) hardening of the bones.
B) resorption of bone.
C) deposition of bone.
D) arthritis.

Question 7

Osteoblastic activity is greatest

A) in areas of increased mechanical stress.
B) during menopause.
C) with vitamin D deficiency.
D) with disuse due to immobility.

Question 8

The epiphyseal plate is the site of linear bone growth in children.

Question 9

Diarthroses are joints that

A) hold the skull bones together.
B) allow little or no joint movement.
C) contain synovial fluid.
D) are dysfunctional.

Question 10

Articular cartilage has no vascular blood supply.

Question 11

Troponin is a muscle protein that

A) binds the myosin protein to form cross-bridges.
B) forms the noncontractile Z lines.
C) binds calcium and regulates tropomyosin.
D) hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy for contraction.

Question 12

The primary determinant of tendon strength is

A) collagen cross-linking.
B) actin-myosin cross-bridging.
C) elastin composition.
D) calcium balance.

Question 13

A concentric contraction results in

A) muscle shortening.
B) no change in muscle length.
C) muscle lengthening.
D) muscle damage.

Question 14

Synovial joints allow little or no joint movement.

Question 15

The neurotransmitter released from the $\alpha$ -motor neuron at the motor end-plate is

A) norepinephrine.
B) epinephrine.
C) serotonin.
D) acetylcholine.