Question 1

Troponin is a muscle protein that

Accepted Answer

A)  binds the myosin protein to form cross-bridges. 
B)  forms the noncontractile Z lines. 
C)  binds calcium and regulates tropomyosin. 
D)  hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy for contraction. 
A)  binds the myosin protein to form cross-bridges. 
B)  forms the noncontractile Z lines. 
C)  binds calcium and regulates tropomyosin. 
D)  hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy for contraction. C

Question 2

Creatine phosphate is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme that hydrolyzes ATP for energy. 
B)  storage form of muscle energy. 
C)  waste product of muscle metabolism. 
D)  toxin that produces muscle fatigue. 
A)  enzyme that hydrolyzes ATP for energy. 
B)  storage form of muscle energy. 
C)  waste product of muscle metabolism. 
D)  toxin that produces muscle fatigue. B

Question 3

The primary determinant of tendon strength is

Accepted Answer

A)  collagen cross-linking. 
B)  actin-myosin cross-bridging. 
C)  elastin composition. 
D)  calcium balance. 
A)  collagen cross-linking. 
B)  actin-myosin cross-bridging. 
C)  elastin composition. 
D)  calcium balance. A

Question 4

Osteoblastic activity is greatest

Accepted Answer

A)  in areas of increased mechanical stress. 
B)  during menopause. 
C)  with vitamin D deficiency. 
D)  with disuse due to immobility. 
A)  in areas of increased mechanical stress. 
B)  during menopause. 
C)  with vitamin D deficiency. 
D)  with disuse due to immobility.

Question 5

Articular cartilage has no vascular blood supply.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Ligaments connect bones to bones, whereas tendons connect muscles to bones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The neurotransmitter released from the $\alpha$-motor neuron at the motor end-plate is

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  acetylcholine. 
A)  norepinephrine. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  acetylcholine.

Question 8

The epiphyseal plate is the site of linear bone growth in children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A concentric contraction results in

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle shortening. 
B)  no change in muscle length. 
C)  muscle lengthening. 
D)  muscle damage. 
A)  muscle shortening. 
B)  no change in muscle length. 
C)  muscle lengthening. 
D)  muscle damage.

Question 10

Osteoclast activity leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  hardening of the bones. 
B)  resorption of bone. 
C)  deposition of bone. 
D)  arthritis. 
A)  hardening of the bones. 
B)  resorption of bone. 
C)  deposition of bone. 
D)  arthritis.

Question 11

Diarthroses are joints that

Accepted Answer

A)  hold the skull bones together. 
B)  allow little or no joint movement. 
C)  contain synovial fluid. 
D)  are dysfunctional. 
A)  hold the skull bones together. 
B)  allow little or no joint movement. 
C)  contain synovial fluid. 
D)  are dysfunctional.

Question 12

Moderate stretching of a muscle at rest results in a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  more forceful contraction when stimulated. 
B)  inefficient use of ATP. 
C)  more rapid onset of muscle fatigue. 
D)  reduced force of contraction. 
A)  more forceful contraction when stimulated. 
B)  inefficient use of ATP. 
C)  more rapid onset of muscle fatigue. 
D)  reduced force of contraction.

Question 13

Synovial joints allow little or no joint movement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When a muscle lengthens while it is contracting, the contraction is called isometric.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Articular cartilage is avascular and

Accepted Answer

A)  incapable of regeneration. 
B)  nonliving. 
C)  nourished by synovial fluid. 
D)  rarely damaged. 
A)  incapable of regeneration. 
B)  nonliving. 
C)  nourished by synovial fluid. 
D)  rarely damaged.

Exam 50: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Troponin is a muscle protein that

Creatine phosphate is a(n)

The primary determinant of tendon strength is

Osteoblastic activity is greatest

Articular cartilage has no vascular blood supply.

Ligaments connect bones to bones, whereas tendons connect muscles to bones.

The neurotransmitter released from the α\alphaα -motor neuron at the motor end-plate is

The epiphyseal plate is the site of linear bone growth in children.

A concentric contraction results in

Osteoclast activity leads to

Diarthroses are joints that

Moderate stretching of a muscle at rest results in a(n)

Synovial joints allow little or no joint movement.

When a muscle lengthens while it is contracting, the contraction is called isometric.

Articular cartilage is avascular and

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Homeostasis and Adaptive Response to Stressors

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Injury, Aging, and Death

Molecular Genetics and Tissue Differentiation

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Neoplasia

Infectious Processes

Inflammation and Immunity

Alterations in Immune Function

Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells

Hiv Disease and Aids

Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Alterations in Blood Flow

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Cardiac Function

Alterations in Cardiac Function

Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac

Shock

Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange

Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances

Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances

Renal Function

Intrarenal Disorders

Acute Renal Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease

Disorders of the Bladder

Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function

Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Gastrointestinal Function

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Liver Diseases

Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalmic-Pituitary Regulation

Disorders of Endocrine Function

Diabetes Mellitus

Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Acute Disorders of Brain Function

Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function

Alterations in Special Sensory Function

Pain

Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses

Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease

Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Alterations in the Integumentary System

Burn Injuries

Filters

The neurotransmitter released from the $\alpha$ -motor neuron at the motor end-plate is