Question 1

In their development of critical theory, members of the Frankfort School attacked the "mass culture" of capitalism because they thought it

Accepted Answer

A) was a misunderstanding of Marxist theory. 
B) promoted a false sense of personal freedom. 
C) threatened to eradicate individuality. 
D) encouraged people to produce more needless wealth. C

Question 2

According to Marxist theory, social progress is not based on heredity, but results from

Accepted Answer

A) better technology in the workplace. 
B) individual initiative in economic life. 
C) changed environmental circumstances. 
D) a clear hierarchy of control. C

Question 3

Marx attacked capitalism for in its selfish absorption in the accumulation of wealth and its

Accepted Answer

A) greater productivity of consumer goods. 
B) failure to use dialectical reasoning. 
C) desire to produce greater social reform. 
D) lack of social responsibility. D

Question 4

Marx believed that the last great stage of historical development was

Accepted Answer

A) tribal ownership. 
B) rise of the proletariat. 
C) bourgeois society. 
D) feudalism.

Question 5

Makarenko advocated a central role for the collective in education because it

Accepted Answer

A) encouraged individual initiative. 
B) subordinated self-interest to social interests. 
C) promoted artistic self-expression. 
D) discouraged peer group influence.

Question 6

Neo-Marxist educational theorists have argued that in capitalist societies, schools socialize children to existing economic arrangements by

Accepted Answer

A) reproducing the conditions of the workplace. 
B) making education a profitable activity. 
C) emphasizing economic theory in all subjects. 
D) rigid suppression of freedom of thought.

Question 7

Marx believed that schools in bourgeois societies should not teach subjects about "economic laws" because he believed these subjects

Accepted Answer

A) were unworthy of serious study. 
B) should be left only to adults. 
C) would be used to indoctrinate students. 
D) failed to contain enduring truths of lasting value.

Question 8

According to Marxists, the force behind the alienation of labor is

Accepted Answer

A) private property. 
B) public property. 
C) school property. 
D) collective ownership.

Question 9

In Marxist-Leninist educational theory as practiced in the former Soviet Union, political indoctrination was used because it promoted

Accepted Answer

A) individual expression. 
B) a search for truth. 
C) a strong sense of personal dignity. 
D) the desired social consciousness.

Question 10

A distinguishing feature of Marxist thought is the central place of

Accepted Answer

A) materialism. 
B) idealism. 
C) spiritualism. 
D) individualism.

Exam 7: Existentialism and Education