B F Skinner Rigged the Cages of Eight Pigeons So That

Multiple Choice

B. F. Skinner rigged the cages of eight pigeons so that food was delivered every 15 seconds. Within a short time, most of the pigeons were practising some sort of consistent ritual, even though the ritual did not have the least effect on the delivery of the reinforcer. The birds were ________.

A) demonstrating spontaneous recovery
B) developing phobias
C) trained by vicarious conditioning
D) behaving superstitiously