Which of the Following Best Explains Why North American Managers

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains why North American managers tend to oppose unions more strongly than European managers?

A) North American management rights clauses give managers the means to oppose unions more effectively.
B) Public opinion toward unions is less favourable in North America than in Europe.
C) North American managers are brought up with a more individualistic ethos.
D) North American collective agreements impose far more restrictions on management's ability to run workplaces than do most European agreements.
E) North American managers can rely on stronger employers' associations to help them beat down unions.