What's the Main Reason Why Union Certification Rates Are Lower

Multiple Choice

What's the main reason why union certification rates are lower in the U.S.,where votes are required,than in those Canadian jurisdictions which have continued to use a card count?

A) There's less chance for unions to exercise peer pressure in their favour.
B) Employers can influence the voting process in their favour.
C) Unions don't like votes.
D) None of the above.
E) All of the above.