Explain Why an Argument May Fail to Be Valid at the Level

Short Answer

Explain why an argument may fail to be valid at the level of the Logic of Statements, but might be discovered to be valid a deeper analytical level.
The Logic of Statements is valuable for determining that a certain set of arguments is valid provided that the validity depends on the grammatical relationships between simple statements. But, as we saw in the chapter entitled "Valid Inferences," the validity of some arguments depends on relationships among classes of objects and their members, and it gives examples of valid inferences based on relationships between individuals, such as transitivity and reflexivity. The examples in those sections of that chapter would not be valid in the Logic of Statements.