Which of the Following Hypotheses Best Fits the Criteria of Causality

Multiple Choice

Which of the following hypotheses best fits the criteria of causality?

A) Males have higher suicide rates than females.
B) As income increases, age tends to increase.
C) As education increases, income tends to increase.
D) As education increases, income tends to increase even after controlling for gender and race.
E) Gender tends to influence jury verdict.