Which of the Following Doctrines Excuses an Injured Claimant Who

Multiple Choice

Which of the following doctrines excuses an injured claimant who can show that a product was defective when it left the hands of the defendant from having to prove that the defendant caused the defect?

A) the Mackay doctrine
B) the doctrine of negligence per se
C) the doctrine of privity
D) the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur