Which Is an Example of a Trait-Mediated Indirect Effect

Multiple Choice

Which is an example of a trait-mediated indirect effect?

A) A predator causes a consumer to change its foraging pattern, affecting the amount of food consumed.
B) Predators consume most of their main prey, then switch to omnivory.
C) Herbivores migrate in and out of communities depending on perceived predation risk.
D) Herbivores consume vegetation, which reduces hiding places for predators stalking their prey.