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Whitebark Pine Seeds Are Dispersed Through a Mutualism with Clark's

Question 65

Multiple Choice

Whitebark pine seeds are dispersed through a mutualism with Clark's nutcracker birds. If Clark's nutcracker went extinct, what is the most likely immediate outcome for pines?


A) increased competition between seedlings and parents
B) increased photosynthesis by pines
C) reduced pollination of pines
D) reduced benefits from mycorrhizal fungi

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